Modeling North Pacific SST anomalies as a response to anomalous atmospheric forcing

Barnston, 1987, Classification, Seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns, Mon. Weather Rev., 15, 1083, 10.1175/1520-0493(1987)115<1083:CSAPOL>2.0.CO;2 Bathen, 1972, On the seasonal changes in the depth of the mixed layer in the North Pacific ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 77, 7138, 10.1029/JC077i036p07138 Bjerknes, 1969, Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial Pacific, Mon. Weather Rev., 97, 163, 10.1175/1520-0493(1969)097<0163:ATFTEP>2.3.CO;2 Bjerknes, 1972, Large-scale atmospheric response to the 1964–65 Pacific equatorial warming, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 2, 212, 10.1175/1520-0485(1972)002<0212:LSARTT>2.0.CO;2 Blackmon, 1983, A general circulation model of January climate anomaly patterns associated with interannual variation of equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures, J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1410, 10.1175/1520-0469(1983)040<1410:AGCMSO>2.0.CO;2 Cubasch, 1985, The mean response of the ECMWF global model to the El Nino anomaly in the extended range prediction experiments, Atm.-Ocan., 23, 43, 10.1080/07055900.1985.9649214 Davis, 1976, Predictability of sea surface temperature and sea level pressure anomalies over the North Pacific ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 6, 249, 10.1175/1520-0485(1976)006<0249:POSSTA>2.0.CO;2 Davis, 1978, Predictability of sea level pressure anomalies over the North Pacific ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 8, 233, 10.1175/1520-0485(1978)008<0233:POSLPA>2.0.CO;2 Frankignoul, 1983, Testing a dynamical model of mid-latitude sea surface temperature anomalies, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1131, 10.1175/1520-0485(1983)013<1131:TADMFM>2.0.CO;2 Hamilton, 1988, A detailed examination of the extratropical response to the tropical El Nino/Southern Oscillation events, J. Climatol., 8, 67, 10.1002/joc.3370080107 Haney, 1985, Midlatitude sea surface temperature anomalies: a numerical hindcast, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 787, 10.1175/1520-0485(1985)015<0787:MSSTAA>2.0.CO;2 Hasse, 1986, Introductory physics of atmosphere and ocean, 126 Hasselmann, 1982, An Ocean model for climate variability studies, Prog. Oceanogr., 11, 69, 10.1016/0079-6611(82)90004-0 Hellerman, 1983, Normal monthly wind stress over the world ocean with error estimates, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1093, 10.1175/1520-0485(1983)013<1093:NMWSOT>2.0.CO;2 Horel, 1981, Planetary-scale atmospheric phenomena with the Southern Oscillation, Mon. Weather Rev., 109, 813, 10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<0813:PSAPAW>2.0.CO;2 Johnson, 1989, The northeast Pacific ocean response to the 1982–83 El Nino, J. Geophys. Res. Latif, 1985, Climate variability studies with a primitive equation model of the equatorial Pacific, 63 Levitus, 1982, Climatological atlas of the world ocean, 173 Livezey, 1987, Tropical-extratropical teleconnections during northern Hemisphere winter. Part II: relationships between monthly mean northern Hemisphere circulation patterns and proxies for tropical convection, Mon. Weather Rev., 115, 3115, 10.1175/1520-0493(1987)115<3115:TETDTN>2.0.CO;2 McNally, 1989, Subinertial frequency response of wind-driven currents in the mixed layer measured by drifting buoys in the midlatitude North Pacific, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 19, 290, 10.1175/1520-0485(1989)019<0290:SFROWD>2.0.CO;2 Mo, 1986, Tropical-extratropical geopotential height teleconnections during the Northern Hemisphere winter, Mon. Weather Rev., 114, 2488, 10.1175/1520-0493(1986)114<2488:TEGHTD>2.0.CO;2 Namias, 1969, Seasonal interactions between the North Pacific ocean and the atmosphere during the 1960's, Mon. Weather Rev., 97, 173, 10.1175/1520-0493(1969)097<0173:SIBTNP>2.3.CO;2 Namias, 1988, Persistence of North Pacific sea surface temperature and atmospheric flow patterns, J. Climate, 1, 682, 10.1175/1520-0442(1988)001<0682:PONPSS>2.0.CO;2 Pacanowski, 1981, Parameterization of vertical mixing in numerical models of tropical oceans, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 11, 1443, 10.1175/1520-0485(1981)011<1443:POVMIN>2.0.CO;2 Pares-Sierra, 1989, The seasonal and interannual variability of the California current system: a numerical model, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 3159, 10.1029/JC094iC03p03159 Van Loon, 1981, The Southern Oscillation. Part I: Global associations with pressure and temperature in northern winter, Mon Weather Rev., 109, 1150, 10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<1150:TSOPIG>2.0.CO;2 Van Loon, 1981, The Southern Oscillation. Part II: Associations with changes in the middle Troposphere in the northern winter, Mon. Weather Rev., 109, 1163, 10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<1163:TSOPIA>2.0.CO;2 Wallace, 1981, Teleconnections in the geopotential height filed during the northern Hemisphere winter, Mon. Weather Rev., 109, 784, 10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<0784:TITGHF>2.0.CO;2 Wallace, 1987, On the observed structure of the interannual variability of the atmosphere/ocean system, 17 Weare, 1976, Emperical orthogonal analysis of Pacific sea surface temperatures, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 6, 671, 10.1175/1520-0485(1976)006<0671:EOAOPS>2.0.CO;2 White, 1985, Sort-term variability in the termal structure of the Pacific ocean during 1979–1982, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 917, 10.1175/1520-0485(1985)015<0917:STCVIT>2.0.CO;2 Woodruff, 1987, A comprehensive ocean-atmosphere data set, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 68, 1239, 10.1175/1520-0477(1987)068<1239:ACOADS>2.0.CO;2 Wright, 1979, Hawaiian winter rainfall related to Pacific sea surface temperature, Mon. Weather Rev., 107, 492, 10.1175/1520-0493(1979)107<0492:HWRRTP>2.0.CO;2 Wright, 1983, Sea surface temperature fluctuations in the Pacific, 0–50N, Trop. Ocean-Atmosphere Newsl., 19, 14 Wright, 1985, Relationships between surface observations over the global oceans and the Southern Oscillation, 61 Wright, 1988, Correlation structure of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation Phenomenon, J. Climate, 1, 609, 10.1175/1520-0442(1988)001<0609:CSOTEN>2.0.CO;2 Wyrtki, 1975, Fluctuations of the dynamic topography in the Pacific ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 5, 450, 10.1175/1520-0485(1975)005<0450:FOTDTI>2.0.CO;2