Mitigating Climate Change Through Small-Scale Forestry in the USA: Opportunities and Challenges

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 9 Số 4 - Trang 445-462 - 2010
Susan Charnley1, David D. Diaz2, Hannah Gosnell3
1U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, USA
2Forest Trends, Ecosystem Marketplace, Washington, USA
3Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Alig RJ (2003) US landowner behavior, land use and land cover changes, and climate change mitigation. Silva Fennica 37(4):511–527

Beach RH, Pattanayak SK, Yang JC, Murray BC, Abt RC (2005) Econometric studies of non-industrial private forest management: a review and synthesis. For Policy Econ 7(3):261–281. doi: 10.1016/S1389-9341(03)00065-0

Beddoe R, Danks C (2009) Carbon trading: a joint effort between the Delta Institute, Illinois, and Michigan. Case study, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont ( http://www.uvm.edu/~cfcm/?Page=interim_products.html )

Bliss JC, Kelly EC (2008) Comparative advantages of small-scale forestry among emerging forest tenures. J Small-scale For 7(1):95–104. doi: 10.1007/s11842-008-9043-5

Breshears DB, Cobb NS, Rich PM, et al. (2005) Regional vegetation die-off in response to global-change-type drought. Proc Natl Acad Sci 102(42):15144–15148. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0505734102

Butler BJ (2008) Family forest owners of the United States, 2006. USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station GTR-NRS-27, Newtown Square

Capoor K, Ambrosi P (2009) State and trends of the carbon market 2009. The World Bank, Washington, DC

Chen W, Chen JM, Price DT, Cihlar J, Liu J (2000) Carbon offset potentials of four alternative forest management strategies in Canada: a simulation study. Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Chang 5(2):143–169. doi: 10.1023/A:1009671422344

Cortner HJ (2008) Introduction. In: Martin WE, Raish C, Kent B (eds) Wildfire risk: human perceptions and management implications. Resources for the Future Press, Washington, DC, pp 1–6

Daigneault F, Fawcett A (2009) Memorandum on updated forestry and agriculture marginal abatement cost curves, March 31, 2009. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Atmospheric Programs, Climate Change Division, Washington, DC

Diaz D, Charnley S, Gosnell H (2009) Engaging western landowners in climate change mitigation: A guide to carbon-oriented forest and range management and carbon market opportunities. General technical report PNW-GTR-801. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR

Dixon RK, Krankina ON (1993) Forest fires in Russia: carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere. Can J For Res 23(4):700–705. doi: 10.1139/x93-091

Fischer AP, Bliss JC (2006) Mental and biophysical terrains of biodiversity: conservation of oak woodland on family forests. Soc Nat Resour 19(7):635–643. doi: 10.1080/08941920600742393

Fischer AP, Bliss JC (2008) Behavioral assumptions of conservation policy: conserving oak habitat on family-forest land in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Conserv Biol 22(2):275–283. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00873.x

Fletcher LS, Kittredge D, Stevens T (2009) Forest landowners’ willingness to sell carbon credits: a pilot study. North J Appl For 26(1):35–37

Gray G (2009) Personal communication. Vice president of forest policy, American Forests, Washington DC

Greenpeace (2009) CARBON SCAM: new Greenpeace report exposes how coal and oil companies are trying to use forest offset projects to cheat the climate. http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/news/carbon-scam

Grossman G (2009) Accessing the US carbon market through sustainable forest management. In: Proceedings of the annual payments for ecosystem services meeting, Northwest Environmental Business Council, Portland, Oregon, USA

Guo LB, Gifford RM (2002) Soil carbon stocks and land use change: a meta analysis. Glob Chang Biol 8(4):345–360. doi: 10.1046/j.1354-1013.2002.00486.x

Hamilton K, Sjardin M, Shapiro A, Marcello T (2009) Fortifying the foundation: state of the voluntary carbon markets 2009. Ecosystem Marketplace, New Carbon Finance, Washington, DC

Hamilton K, Chokkalingam U, Bendana M (2010a) State of the forest carbon markets 2009: taking root and branching out. Ecosystem Marketplace, New Carbon Finance, Washington, DC

Hamilton K, Peters-Stanley M, Marcello T (2010b) Building bridges: state of the voluntary carbon markets 2010. Ecosystem Marketplace, Bloomberg New Energy Finance, Washington, DC

Harmon ME, Marks B (2002) Effects of silvicultural practices on carbon stores in Douglas-fir-western hemlock forests in the Pacific Northwest, USA: results from a simulation model. Can J For Res 32(5):863–877. doi: 10.1139/x01-216

Harmon ME, Garman SL, Ferrell WK (1996) Modeling historical patterns of tree utilization in the Pacific Northwest: carbon sequestration implications. Ecol Appl 6(2):641–652. doi: 10.2307/2269398

Harmon M, Moreno A, Domingo J (2009) Effects of partial harvest on the carbon stores in Douglas-fir/western hemlock forests: a simulation study. Ecosystem 12(5):777–791. doi: 10.1007/s10021-009-9256-2

Hurteau M, North M (2009) Fuel treatment effects on tree-based forest carbon storage and emissions under modeled wildfire scenarios. Front Ecol Environ 7(8):409–414. doi: 10.1890/080049

Janisch JE, Harmon ME (2002) Successional changes in live and dead wood carbon stores: implications for net ecosystem productivity. Tree Physiol 22(2–3):77–89. doi: 10.1093/treephys/22.2-3.77

Jarrett A, Gan J, Johnson C, Munn IA (2009) Landowner awareness and adoption of wildfire programs in the southern United States. J For 107(3):113–118

Kollmus A, Zink H, Polycarp C (2008) Making sense of the voluntary carbon market: a comparison of carbon offset standards. World Wildlife Fund, Frankfurt

Leahy JE, Kilgore MA, Hibbard CM, Donnay JS (2008) Family forest landowners’ interest in and perceptions of forest certification: focus group findings from Minnesota. North J Appl For 25(2):73–81

Malmsheimer RW, Heffernan P, Brink S et al (2008) Preventing GHG emissions through biomass substitution. J For 106(3):136–140

McCaffrey S (2004) Thinking of wildfire as a natural hazard. Soc Nat Resour 17(6):509–516. doi: 10.l080/08941920490452445

Merger E (2008) Forestry carbon standards 2008: a comparison of the leading standards in the voluntary carbon market. In: Carbon positive. Carbon Positive Net. Available via DIALOG. http://www.carbonpositive.net/viewFile.aspx?FileID=133 . Accessed 20 Aug 2009

Murray BC, Sohngen B, Sommer AJ et al (2005) Greenhouse gas mitigation potential in U.S. forestry and agriculture, EPA 430-R-05–006. US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Atmospheric Programs, Washington, DC

Nabuurs GJ, Masera O, Andrasko K et al (2007) Forestry. In: Metz ORDB, Bosch PR, Dave R, Meyer LA (eds) Climate change 2007: mitigation of climate change. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 541–585

Pierce E (2009) States release results of third auction for RGGI CO2 allowances. In: RGGI, Inc. News Releases. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative. http://www.rggi.org/docs/Auction_3_News_Release_MM_Report.pdf . Accessed 29 Oct 2009

Post WM, Kwon KC (2000) Soil carbon sequestration and land-use change: processes and potential. Glob Chang Biol 6(3):317–327. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00308.x

Pregitzer KS, Burton AJ, Zak DR, Talhelm AF (2008) Simulated chronic nitrogen deposition increases carbon storage in Northern Temperate forests. Glob Chang Biol 14(1):142–153. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01465.x

Rickenbach MG (2002) Forest certification of small ownerships: some practical challenges. J For 100(6):43–47

Smith JE, Heath LS, Skog KE, Birdsey RA (2006) Methods for calculating forest ecosystem and harvested carbon with standard estimates for forest types of the United States. USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, Newton Square, PA

Snyder S (2009) Personal communication. Operations research analyst, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Northern Research Station, St. Paul

Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Tignor M, Miller HL (2007) Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of working group 1 to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, New York

Stainback GA, Alavalapati JR (2002) Economic analysis of slash pine forest carbon sequestration in the southern US. J For Econ 8(2):105–117

Stanfield BJ, Bliss JC, Spies TA (2002) Land ownership and landscape structure: a spatial analysis of sixty-six Oregon (USA) coast range watersheds. Landsc Ecol 17(8):685–697. doi: 10.1023/A:1022977614403

US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (2009) Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks: 1990–2007, EPA 430-R-09–004. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC

Westerling AL, Hidalgo HG, Cayan DR, Swetnam TW (2006) Warming and earlier spring increase Western U.S. forest wildfire activity. Science 313(5789):940–943. doi: 10.1126/science.1128834

Winter G, Fried J (2000) Homeowner perspectives on fire hazard, responsibility, and management strategies at the wildland-urban interface. Soc and Nat Resour 13(1):33–49. doi: 10.1080/089419200279225

Woodbury PB, Smith JE, Heath LS (2007) Carbon sequestration in the US forest sector from 1990 to 2010. For Ecol Manag 241(1–3):14–27. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2006.12.008

Wright JL, Beddoe R, Danks C (2009) Oregon’s forest resource trust forest establishment program. Case Study, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont ( http://www.uvm.edu/~cfcm/?Page=interim_products.html )