Minimising toxicity of cadmium in plants—role of plant growth regulators
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Achard P, Renou J, Berthome R, Harberd N, Genschik P (2008) Plant DELLAs restrain growth and promote survival of adversity by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species. Curr Biol 18:656–660
Ahammed GJ, Choudhary SP, Chen S, Xia X et al (2013) Role of brassinosteroids in alleviation of phenanthrene-cadmium co-contamination-induced N photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative stress in tomato. J Exp Bot 64:199–213
Ahmad A, Hayat S (2011) Brassinosteroids: a class of plant hormone. Springer, Dordrecht
Alavi SMN, Arvin MJ, Kalantari KM (2014) Salicylic acid and nitric oxide alleviate osmotic stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. J Plant Intl 9:683–688
Alcázar R, Altabella T, Marco F, Bortolotti C et al (2010) Polyamines: molecules with regulatory functions in plant abiotic stress tolerance. Planta 231:1237–1249
Al-Hakimi AMA (2007) Modification of cadmium toxicity in pea seedlings by kinetin. Plant Soil Environ 53:129–135
Alonso-Ramırez A, Rodrıguez D, Reyes D, Jimenez JA et al (2009) Evidence for a role of gibberellins in salicylic acid-modulated early plant responses to abiotic stress in Arabidopsis seeds. Plant Physiol 150:1335–1344
An C, Mou Z (2011) Salicylic acid and its function in plant immunity. J Integr Plant Biol 53:412–428
Anjum NA, Ahamd I, Mohmood I, Pacheco M et al (2012) Modulation of glutathione and its related enzymes in plants’ responses to toxic metals and metalloids—a review. Environ Exp Bot 75:307–324
Anjum NA, Umar S, Iqbal M (2014) Assessment of cadmium accumulation, toxicity, and tolerance in Brassicaceae and Fabaceae plants-implications for phytoremediation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21:10286–10293
Anuradha S, Rao SSR (2009) Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on the photosynthetic activity of radish plants under cadmium stress. Photosynthetica 47:317–320
Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Floryszak-Wieczorek J, Gwozdz EA (2011) The message of nitric oxide in cadmium challenged plants. Plant Sci 181:612–620
Arata Y, Nagasawa-Iida A, Uneme H, Nakajima H et al (2010) The phenylquinazoline compound S-4893 is a non-competitive cytokinin antagonist that targets Arabidopsis cytokinin receptor CRE1 and promotes root growth in Arabidopsis and Rice. Plant Cell Physiol 51:2047–2059
Asensi-Fabado MA, Cela J, Müller M, Arrom L et al (2012) Enhanced oxidative stress in the ethylene-insensitive (ein3-1) mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to salt stress. J Plant Physiol 169:360–368
Asgher M, Khan MIR, Iqbal N, Masood A, Khan NA (2013) Cadmium tolerance in mustard cultivars: dependence on proline accumulation and nitrogen assimilation. J Fun Exp Bot 3:30–42
Asgher M, Khan NA, Khan MIR, Fatma M, Masood A (2014) Ethylene production is associated with alleviation of cadmium-induced oxidative stress by sulfur in mustard types differing in ethylene sensitivity. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 106:54–61
Astolfi S, Zuchi S, Passera C (2005) Effect of cadmium on H+-ATPase activity of plasma membrane vesicles isolated from roots of different S-supplied maize (Zea mays L.) plants. Plant Sci 169:361–368
Auxtová O, Lisková D, Kákoniová D, Kubacková M et al (1995) Effect of galactoglucomannan-derived oligosaccharides on elongation growth of pea and spruce stem segments stimulated by auxin. Planta 196:420–424
Bai X, Yang L, Tian M, Chen J et al (2011) Nitric oxide enhances desiccation tolerance of recalcitrant Antiaris toxicaria seeds via protein S-nitrosylation and carbonylation. PLoS ONE 6:e20714
Bansal P, Sharma P, Goyal V (2002) Impact of lead and cadmium on enzyme of citric acid cycle in germinating pea seeds. Biol Plant 45:125–127
Basra A (2000) Plant growth regulators in agriculture and horticulture: their role and commercial uses. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Belkadhi A, De Haro A, Soengas P, Obregon S et al (2014) Salicylic acid increases tolerance to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide accumulation in leaves of cadmium-exposed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). J Plant Interact 9:647–654
Besson-Bard A, Pugin A, Wendehenne D (2008) New insights into nitric oxide signaling in plants. Annu Rev Plant Biol 59:21–39
Bhattacharya A, Kourmpetli S, Davey MR (2010) Practical applications of manipulating plant architecture by regulating gibberellin metabolism. J Plant Growth Regul 29:249–256
Bishop GJ, Yokota T (2001) Plants steroid hormones, brassinosteroids: current highlights of molecular aspects on their synthesis/metabolism, transport, perception and response. Plant Cell Physiol 42:114–120
Bleecker AB, Kende H (2000) Ethylene: a gaseous signal molecule in plants. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 16:1–18
Bocova B, Huttova J, Mistrık I, Tamas L (2013) Auxin signalling is involved in cadmium-induced glutathione-S-transferase activity in barley root. Acta Physiol Plant 35:2685–2690
Browse J (2009) Jasmonate passes muster: a receptor and targets for the defense hormone. Annu Rev Plant Biol 60:183–205
Bulak P, Walkiewicz A, Brzezińska M (2014) Plant growth regulators-assisted phytoextraction. Biol Plant 58:1–8
Calzadilla PI, Gazquez A, Maiale SJ, Ruiz OA, Bernardina MA (2014) Polyamines as indicators and modulators of the abiotic stress in plants. In: Anjum NA, Gill SS, Gill R (eds) Plant adaptation to environmental change: significance of amino acids and their derivatives. CABI, Wallingford, UK, pp 109–128
Chao YY, Chen CY, Huang WD, Ching CH (2010) Salicylic acid-mediated hydrogen peroxide accumulation and protection against Cd toxicity in rice leaves. Plant Soil 329:327–337
Chen Z, Zheng Z, Huang J, Lai Z, Fan B (2009) Biosynthesis of salicylic acid in plants. Plant Signal Behav 4:493–496
Chen J, Yan Z, Li X (2014) Effect of methyl jasmonate on cadmium uptake and antioxidative capacity in Kandelia obovata seedlings under cadmium stress. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 104:349–356
Chmielowska-Bąk J, Lefèvre I, Lutts S, Deckert J (2013) Short term signaling responses in roots of young soybean seedlings exposed to cadmium stress. J Plant Physiol 170:1585–1594
Choi J, Hwang I (2007) Cytokinin: perception, signal transduction, and role in plant growth and development. J Plant Biol 50:98–108
Clemens S, Antosiewicz DM, Ward JM, Schachtman DP, Schroeder JI (1998) The plant cDNA LCT1 mediates the uptake of calcium and cadmium in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:12043–12048
Cui W, Li L, Gao Z, Wu H et al (2012) Haem oxygenase-1 is involved in salicylic acid-induced alleviation of oxidative stress due to cadmium stress in Medicago sativa. J Exp Bot 63:5521–5534
Curie C, Cassin G, Couch D, Divol F, Higuchi K et al (2009) Metal movement within the plant: contribution of nicotianamine and yellow stripe 1-like transporters. Ann Bot 103:1–11
Cutler SR, Rodriguez PL, Finkelstein RR, Abrams SR (2010) Abscisic acid: emergence of a core signaling network. Annu Rev Plant Biol 61:651–679
DalCorso G, Farinati S, Furini A (2010) Regulatory networks of cadmium stress in plants. Plant Signal Behav 5:663–667
Davies PJ (2010) Plant hormones: biosynthesis, signal transduction, action!, revised 3rd edn. Springer, Dordrecht
De Michele R, Vurro E, Rigo C, Costa A et al (2009) Nitric oxide is involved in cadmium-induced programmed cell death in Arabidopsis suspension cultures. Plant Physiol 150:217–228
Dias MC, Monteiro C, Moutinho-Pereira J, Correia C et al (2013) Cadmium toxicity affects photosynthesis and plant growth at different levels. Acta Physiol Plant 35:1281–1289
Du H, Liu H, Xiong L (2013) Endogenous auxin and jasmonic acid levels are differentially modulated by abiotic stresses in rice. Front Plant Sci 4:397
El-Mashad AA, Mohamed HI (2012) Brassinolide alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant activity of cowpea plants (Vigna sinensis). Protoplasma 249:625–635
Elobeid M, Gobel C, Feussner I, Polle A (2012) Cadmium interferes with auxin physiology and lignification in poplar. J Exp Bot 63:1413–1421
Fayez KA, Bazaid SA (2014) Improving drought and salinity tolerance in barley by application of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci 13:45–55
Fediuc E, Lips SH, Erdei L (2005) O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase activity in Phragmites and Typha plants under cadmium and NaCl stress conditions and the involvement of ABA in the stress response. J Plant Physiol 162:865–872
Gallego SM, Pena LB, Barcia RA, Azpilicueta CE et al (2012) Unravelling cadmium toxicity and tolerance in plants: insight into regulatory mechanisms. Environ Exp Bot 83:33–46
Gemrotová M, Kulkarni MG, Stirk WA, Strnad M et al (2013) Seedlings of medicinal plants treated with either a cytokinin antagonist (PI-55) or an inhibitor of cytokinin degradation (INCYDE) are protected against the negative effects of cadmium. Plant Growth Regul 71:137–145
George E, Hall M, Klerk GJ (2008a) Plant growth regulators III: gibberellins, ethylene, abscisic acid, their analogues and inhibitors; miscellaneous compounds. In: George E, Hall M, Klerk GJ (eds) Plant propagation by tissue culture. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 227–281
George E, Hall M, Klerk GJ (2008b) Plant growth regulators II: cytokinins, their analogues and antagonists. In: George E, Hall M, Klerk GJ (eds) Plant propagation by tissue culture. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 205–226
Ghanashyam C, Jain M (2009) Role of auxin-responsive genes in biotic stress responses. Plant Signal Behav 4:846–848
Gill SS, Tuteja N (2010a) Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiol Biochem 48:909–930
Gill SS, Tuteja N (2010b) Polyamines and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Plant Signal Behav 5:26–33
Gill SS, Khan NA, Tuteja N (2012) Cadmium at high dose perturbs growth, photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism while at low dose it up regulates sulfur assimilation and antioxidant machinery in garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.). Plant Sci 182:112–120
Gill SS, Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K, Macovei A, Tuteja N (2013) Importance of nitric oxide in cadmium stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiol Biochem 63:254–261
Gomez CA, Arbona V, Jacas J, PrimoMillo E, Talon M (2002) Abscisic acid reduces leaf abscission and increases salt tolerance in citrus plants. J Plant Growth Regul 21:234–240
Goncalves JF, Nicoloso FT, Becker AG, Pereira LB et al (2009) Photosynthetic pigments content, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and acid phosphatase activities and mineral nutrients concentration in cadmium-exposed Cucumis sativus L. Biologia 64:310–318
Groppa MD, Tomaro ML, Benavides MP (2001) Polyamines as protectors against cadmium or copper-induced oxidative damage in sunflower leaf discs. Plant Sci 161:481–488
Gupta R, Chakrabarty SK (2013) Gibberellic acid in plant—still a mystery unresolved. Plant Signal Behav 8:e25504
Gupta UC, Gupta SC (1998) Trace element toxicity relationships to crop production and livestock and human health: implications for management. J Commun Soil Sci Plant 29:1491–1522
Ha S, Vankova R, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K, Tran LSP (2012) Cytokinins: metabolism and function in plant adaptation to environmental stresses. Trends Plant Sci 17:172–179
Hadi F, Ali N, Ahmad A (2014) Enhanced phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil by Parthenium hysterophorus plant: effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and synthetic chelator, alone and in combinations. Biorem J 18:46–55
Han RM, Lefèvre I, Albacete A, Pérez-Alfocea F et al (2013) Antioxidant enzyme activities and hormonal status in response to Cd stress in the wetland halophyte Kosteletzkya virginica under saline conditions. Physiol Plant 147:352–368
Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K, Alam M, Fujita M (2012) Exogenous nitric oxide alleviates high temperature induced oxidative stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings by modulating the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase system. Aust J Crop Sci 6:1314
Hashem HA (2014) Cadmium toxicity induces lipid peroxidation and alters cytokinin content and antioxidant enzyme activities in soybean. Botany 92:1–7
Hooykaas PJ, Hall MA, Libbenga KR (1999) Biochemistry and molecular biology of plant hormones. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Horvath E, Szalai G, Janda T (2007) Induction of abiotic stress tolerance by salicylic acid signalling. J Plant Growth Regul 26:290–300
Hsu YT, Kao CH (2003) Role of abscisic acid in cadmium tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. Plant Cell Environ 26:867–874
Hsu YT, Kao CH (2004) Cadmium toxicity is reduced by nitric oxide in rice leaves. Plant Growth Regul 42:227–238
Hsu YT, Kao CH (2007) Cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rice leaves is reduced by polyamines. Plant Soil 291:27–37
Hu YF, Zhou G, Na XF, Yang L et al (2013) Cadmium interferes with maintenance of auxin homeostasis in Arabidopsis seedlings. J Plant Physiol 170:965–975
Huang B, Chu CH, Chen SL, Juan HF, Chen TM (2006) A proteomics study of the mung bean epicotyl regulated by brassinosteroids under conditions of chilling stress. Cell Mol Biol Lett 11:264–278
IARC (1994) Beryllium, cadmium, mercury, and exposures in the glass manufacturing industry[M]. In: Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Lyon: WHO Press 58:444
Igarashi K, Kashiwagi K (2000) Polyamines: mysterious modulators of cellular functions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 271:559–564
Iqbal M, Ashraf M (2013) Gibberellic acid mediated induction of salt tolerance in wheat plants: growth, ionic partitioning, photosynthesis, yield and hormonal homeostasis. Environ Exp Bot 86:76–85
Iqbal N, Nazar R, Khan MIR, Masood A, Khan NA (2011) Role of gibberellins in regulation of source-sink relations under optimal and limiting environmental conditions. Curr Sci 100:7
Iqbal N, Trivellini A, Masood A, Ferrante A, Khan NA (2013) Current understanding on ethylene signaling in plants: the influence of nutrient availability. Plant Physiol Biochem 73:128–138
Jain M, Khurana JP (2009) Transcript profiling reveals diverse roles of auxin-responsive genes during reproductive development and abiotic stress in rice. FEBS J 276:3148–3162
Jain M, Ghanashyam C, Bhattacharjee A (2010) Comprehensive expression analysis suggests overlapping and specific roles of rice glutathione-S-transferase genes during development and stress responses. BMC Genomics 11:73
Janeczko A, Kościelniak J, Pilipowicz M, Lu-kaszewska S (2005) Protection of winter rape photosystem 2 by 24-epibrassinolide under cadmium stress. Photosynthetica 43:293–298
Janicka-Russak M, Kabała K, Burzyński M (2012) Different effect of cadmium and copper on H+-ATPase activity in plasma membrane vesicles from Cucumis sativus roots. J Exp Bot 63:4133–4142
Jemâa E, Saida A, Sadok B (2011) Impact of indole-3-butyric acid and indole-3-acetic acid on the lateral roots growth of Arabidopsis under salt stress conditions. Aust J Agri Eng 2:18
Kaminek M, Motyka V, Vankova R (1997) Regulation of cytokinin content in plant cells. Physiol Plant 101:689–700
Kang DJ, Seo YJ, Lee JD, Ishii R, Kim K, Shin DH et al (2005) Jasmonic acid differentially affects growth, ion uptake and abscisic acid concentration in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive rice cultivars. J Agron Crop Sci 191:273–282
Kazan K, Manners JM (2012) JAZ repressors and the orchestration of phytohormone crosstalk. Trends Plant Sci 17:22–31
Keramat B, Kalantari KM, Arvin MJ (2009) Effects of methyl jasmonate in regulating cadmium induced oxidative stress in soybean plant (Glycine max L.). Afr J Micro Res 3:240–244
Khan MIR, Khan NA (2014) Ethylene reverses photosynthetic inhibition by nickel and zinc in mustard through changes in PS II activity, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, and antioxidant metabolism. Protoplasma 251:1007–1019
Khan MIR, Iqbal N, Masood A, Khan NA (2012a) Variation in salt tolerance of wheat cultivars: role of glycinebetaine and ethylene. Pedosphere 22:746–754
Khan NA, Nazar R, Iqbal N, Anjum NA (2012b) Phytohormones and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Springer Verlag, Berlin
Khan MIR, Iqbal N, Masood A, Per TS, Khan NA (2013) Salicylic acid alleviates adverse effects of heat stress on photosynthesis through changes in proline production and ethylene formation. Plant Signal Behav 8:e26374
Khan MIR, Asgher M, Khan NA (2014) Alleviation of salt-induced photosynthesis and growth inhibition by salicylic acid involves glycinebetaine and ethylene in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). Plant Physiol Biochem 80:67–74
Kollárová K, Lišková D, Lux A (2007) Influence of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides on root culture of Karwinskia humboldtiana. Plant Cell Tissue Org Cult 91:9–19
Kollárová K, Vatehová Z, Slováková L, Lišková D (2010) Interaction of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides with auxin in mung bean primary root. Plant Physiol Biochem 48:401–406
Kováčik J, Babula P, Klejdus B, Hedbavny J, Jarosova M (2014) Unexpected behavior of some nitric oxide modulators under cadmium excess in plant tissue. PLoS ONE 9:e91685
Krantev A, Yordanova R, Janda T, Szalai G, Popova L (2008) Treatment with salicylic acid decreases the effect of cadmium on photosynthesis in maize plants. J Plant Physiol 165:920–931
Kučerová D, Kollárová K, Zelko I, Vatehová Z, Lišková D (2014) Galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides alleviate cadmium stress in Arabidopsis. J Plant Physiol 171:518–524
Kudo T, Kiba T, Sakakibara H (2010) Metabolism and long-distance translocation of cytokinins. J Integr Plant Biol 52:53–60
Kumar M, Bijo AJ, Baghel RS, Reddy CRK, Jha B (2012) Selenium and spermine alleviate cadmium induced toxicity in the red seaweed Gracilaria dura by regulating antioxidants and DNA methylation. Plant Physiol Biochem 51:129–138
Kumari A, Sheokand S, Swaraj K (2010) Nitric oxide induced alleviation of toxic effects of short term and long term Cd stress on growth, oxidative metabolism and Cd accumulation in Chickpea. Braz J Plant Physiol 22:271–284
Kupper H, Parameswaran A, Leitenmaier B, Trtílek M, Šetlík I (2007) Cadmium‐induced inhibition of photosynthesis and long‐term acclimation to cadmium stress in the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens. New Phytol 175:655–674
Kusano T, Yamaguchi K, Berberich T, Takahashi Y (2007) The polyamine spermine rescues Arabidopsis from salinity and drought stresses. Plant Signal Behav 2:251–252
Kyozuka J (2007) Control of shoot and root meristem function by cytokinin. Curr Opin Plant Biol 10:442–446
Lakimova ET, Woltering EJ, Kapchina-Toteva VM et al (2008) Cadmium toxicity in cultured tomato cells-role of ethylene, proteases and oxidative stress in cell death signaling. Cell Biol Int 32:1521–1529
Laspina NV, Groppa MD, Tomaro ML, Benavides MP (2005) Nitric oxide protects sunflower leaves against Cd-induced oxidative stress. Plant Sci 169:323–330
Lee HE, Shin D, Park SR, Han SE, Jeong MJ, Kwon TR et al (2007) Ethylene responsive element binding protein 1(StEREBP1) from Solanum tuberosum increases tolerance to abiotic stress in transgenic potato plants. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 353:863–868
Leitner M, Vandelle E, Gaupels F, Bellin D et al (2009) NO signals in the haze: nitric oxide signalling in plant defence. Curr Opin Plant Biol 12:451–458
Lequeux H, Hermans C, Lutts S, Verbruggen N (2010) Response to copper excess in Arabidopsis thaliana: impact on the root system architecture, hormone distribution, lignin accumulation and mineral profile. Plant Physiol Biochem 48:673–682
Li X, Cai J, Liu F, Dai T, Cao W, Jiang D (2014) Exogenous abscisic acid application during grain filling in winter wheat improves cold tolerance of offspring’s seedlings. J Agric Crop Sci. doi: 10.1111/jac.12064
Liao WB, Huang GB, Yu JH, Zhang ML (2012) Nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide alleviate drought stress in marigold explants and promote its adventitious root development. Plant Physiol Biochem 58:6–15
Lindblad MS, Dahlman O, Sjöberg J, Albertsson AC (2009) Modified galactoglucomannans from forestry waste-water for films and hydrogels. In: Edgar KJ, Heinze T, Buchanan CM (eds) Polysaccharide materials: performance by design. ACS Symposium Series, vol. 1017, American Chemical Society, pp 185–198
Lišková D, Auxtová O, Kákoniová D, Kubačková M et al (1995) Biological activity of galactoglucomannan-derived oligosaccharides. Planta 196:425–429
Litwack G (2005) Plant hormones. Vol. 72, vitamins and hormones advances in research and applications, vol 72. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego
Liu JH, Kitashiba H, Wang J, Ban Y, Moriguchi T (2007) Polyamines and their ability to provide environmental stress tolerance to plants. Plant Biotechnol 24:117–126
Liu K, Shen L, Sheng J (2008) Improvement in cadmium tolerance of tomato seedlings with an antisense DNA for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. J Plant Nutr 31:809–827
Liu Y, Jiang H, Zhao Z, An L (2010) Nitric oxide synthase like activity-dependent nitric oxide production protects against chilling-induced oxidative damage in Chorispora bungeana suspension cultured cells. Plant Physiol Biochem 48:936–944
Lundqvist J, Teleman A, Junel L, Zacchi G et al (2002) Isolation and characterization of galactoglucomannan from spruce (Picea abies). Carbohydr Polym 48:29e39
Lux A, Martinka M, Vaculík M, White PJ (2011) Root responses to cadmium in the rhizosphere: a review. J Exp Bot 62:21–37
Maksymiec W (2011) Effects of jasmonate and some other signalling factors on bean and onion growth during the initial phase of cadmium action. Biol Plant 55:112–118
Maksymiec W, Krupa Z (2006) The effects of short-term exposure to Cd, excess Cu ions and jasmonate on oxidative stress appearing in Arabidopsis thaliana. Environ Exp Bot 57:187–194
Maksymiec W, Wojcik M, Krupa Z (2007) Variation in oxidative stress and photochemical activity in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves subjected to cadmium and excess copper in the presence or absence of jasmonate and ascorbate. Chemosphere 66:421–427
Martin GC (1983) Commercial uses of gibberellins. In: Crozier A (ed) The biochemistry and physiology of gibberellins. Praeger, New York, pp 395–444
Martinka M, Vaculik M, Lux A (2014) Plant cell responses to cadmium and zinc. In: Nick P, Opatrný Z (eds) Applied plant cell biology. Springer, Plant Cell Monogr 22:209–246
Masood A, Khan NA (2013) Ethylene and gibberellic acid interplay in regulation of photosynthetic capacity inhibition by cadmium. Plant Biochem Physiol. doi: 10.4172/jpbp.1000111
Masood A, Iqbal N, Khan NA (2012) Role of ethylene in alleviation of cadmium-induced photosynthetic capacity inhibition by sulphur in mustard. Plant Cell Environ 35:524–533
Matsuoka M (2003) Gibberellins signaling: how do plant cells respond to GA signals? J Plant Growth Regul 22:123–125
Meng H, Hua S, Shamsi IH, Jilani G, Li Y, Jiang L (2009) Cadmium-induced stress on the seed germination and seedling growth of Brassica napus L, and its alleviation through exogenous plant growth regulators. Plant Growth Regul 58:47–59
Metwally A, Safronova VI, Belimov AA, Dietz KJ (2005) Genotypic variation of the response to cadmium toxicity in Pisum sativum L. J Exp Bot 56:167–178
Minocha R, Majumdar R, Minocha SC (2014) Polyamines and abiotic stress in plants: a complex relationship. Front Plant Sci 5:175
Mobin M, Khan NA (2007) Photosynthetic activity, pigment composition and antioxidative response of two mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars differing in photosynthetic capacity subjected to cadmium stress. J Plant Physiol 164:601–610
Mockaitis K, Estelle M (2008) Auxin receptors and plant development: a new signaling paradigm. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 24:55–80
Mohamed MM, Abdel-Razik KE (2005) Interactive effect of heavy metals and gibberellic acid on mitotic activity and some metabolic changes of Vicia faba L. plants. Cytologia 70:275–282
Montero-Palmero MB, Martín-Barranco A, Escobar C, Hernández LE (2013) Early transcriptional responses to mercury: a role for ethylene in mercury-induced stress. New Phytol 201:116–130
Mora-Herrera ME, López-Delgado HA (2007) Freezing tolerance and antioxidant activity in potato microplants induced by abscisic acid treatment. Am J Potato Res 84:467–475
Munshaw GC, Ervin EH, Beasley JS, Shang C, Zhang X, Parrish DJ (2011) Effects of late‐season ethephon applications on cold tolerance parameters of four bermudagrass cultivars. Crop Sci 50:1022–1029
Murkowski A (2001) Heat stress and spermidine: effect on chlorophyll fluorescence in tomato plants. Biol Plant 44:53–57
Mysliwa-Kurdziel B, Strzalka K (2002) Influence of metals on the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments. In: Prasad MNV, Strzalka K (eds) Physiology and biochemistry of metal toxicity and tolerance in plants. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 201–228
Nagajyoti PC, Lee KD, Sreekanth TVM (2010) Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review. Environ Chem Lett 8:199–216
Nayyar H, Chander S (2004) Protective effects of polyamines against oxidative stress induced by water and cold stress in chickpea. J Agron Crop Sci 190:355–365
Nayyar H, Bains TS, Kumar S (2005) Chilling stressed chickpea seedlings: effect of cold acclimation, calcium and abscisic acid on cryoprotective solutes and oxidative damage. Environ Exp Bot 54:275–285
Nazar R, Iqbal N, Masood A, Khan MIR et al (2012) Cadmium toxicity in plants and role of mineral nutrients in its alleviation. Am J Plant Sci 3:1476–1489
Nedjimi B, Daoud Y (2009) Cadmium accumulation in Atriplex halimus subsp. schweinfurthii and its influence on growth, proline, root hydraulic conductivity and nutrient uptake. Flora-Mor Dist Func Ecol Plants 204:316–324
Nishiyama R, Watanabe Y, Fujita Y, Le DT et al (2011) Analysis of cytokinin mutants and regulation of cytokinin metabolic genes reveals important regulatory roles of cytokinins in drought, salt and abscisic acid responses, and abscisic acid biosynthesis. Plant Cell 23:2169–2183
Noriega GO, Balestrasse KB, Batlle A, Tomaro ML (2007) Cadmium induced oxidative stress in soybean plants also by the accumulation of δ-aminolevulinic acid. Biometals 20:841–851
Noriega G, Caggiano E, Lecube MP, Santa Cruz D et al (2012a) The role of salicylic acid in the prevention of oxidative stress elicited by cadmium in soybean plants. Biometals 25:1155–1165
Noriega G, Cruz DS, Batlle A, Tomaro M, Balestrasse K (2012b) Heme oxygenase is involved in the protection exerted by jasmonic acid against cadmium stress in soybean roots. J Plant Growth Regul 31:79–89
Parmar P, Kumari N, Sharma V (2013) Structural and functional alterations in photosynthetic apparatus of plants under cadmium stress. Bot Stud 54:45
Piotrowska-Niczyporuk A, Bajguz A, Zambrzycka E, Godlewska-Zylkiewicz B (2012) Phytohormones as regulators of heavy metal biosorption and toxicity in green alga Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorophyceae). Plant Physiol Biochem 52:52–65
Polle A, Schützendübel A (2003) Heavy metal signalling in plants: linking cellular and organismic responses. In: Hirt H, Shinozaki K (eds) Plant responses to abiotic stress. Springer, Berlin, pp 187–215
Poonam S, Kaur H, Geetika S (2013) Effect of jasmonic acid on photosynthetic pigments and stress markers in Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill sp. seedlings under copper stress. Am J Plant Sci 4:817–823
Popova LP, Maslenkova LT, Yordanova RY, Ivanova AP et al (2009) Exogenous treatment with salicylic acid attenuates cadmium toxicity in pea seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem 47:224–231
Qiu Z, Guo J, Zhu A, Zhang L, Zhang M (2014) Exogenous jasmonic acid can enhance tolerance of wheat seedlings to salt stress. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 104:202–208
Richterová-Kučerová D, Kollárová K, Zelko I, Vatehová Z, Lišková D (2012) How do galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides regulate cell growth in epidermal and cortical tissues of mung bean seedlings? Plant Physiol Biochem 57:154–158
Rivas-San Vicente M, Plasencia J (2011) Salicylic acid beyond defence: its role in plant growth and development. J Exp Bot 62:3321–3338
Rodriguez-Flores M, Rodriguez-Castellon E (1982) Lead and cadmium levels in soil and plants near highways and their correlation with traffic density. Environ Pollut Ser B 4:281–290
Rodríguez-Serrano M, Romero-Puertas MC, Pazmiño DM et al (2009) Cellular response of pea plants to cadmium toxicity: cross talk between reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and calcium. Plant Physiol 150:229–243
Saeedipour S (2011) Is salinity tolerance of rice lines related to endogenous ABA level or to the cellular ability for ABA synthesis under stress? Afr J Plant Sci 5:628–633
Salt DE, Prince RC, Pickering IJ, Raskin I (1995) Mechanisms of cadmium mobility and accumulation in Indian mustard. Plant Physiol 109:1427–1433
Sanita di Toppi L, Gabbrielli R (1999) Response to cadmium in higher plants. Environ Exp Bot 41:105–130
Schellingen K, Der Straeten DV, Vandenbussche F, Prinsen E et al (2014) Cadmium-induced ethylene production and responses in Arabidopsis thaliana rely on ACS2 and ACS6 gene expression. BMC Plant Biol 14:214
Schmülling T (2004) Cytokinin. In: Lennarz W, Lane MD (eds) Encyclopedia of biological chemistry. Academic Press/Elsevier Science
Shan C, Mei Z, Duan J, Chen H, Feng H, Cai W (2014) OsGA2ox5, a gibberellin metabolism enzyme, is involved in plant growth, the root gravity response and salt stress. PLoS ONE 9:e87110
Sharma P, Bhardwaj R (2007) Effects of 24-epibrassinolide on growth and metal uptake Brassica juncea L. under copper metal stress. Acta Physiol Plant 29:259–263
Shi GR, Cai QS, Liu QQ, Wu L (2009) Salicylic acid-mediated alleviation of cadmium toxicity in hemp plants in relation to cadmium uptake, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzymes. Acta Physiol Plant 31:969–977
Silva PO, Medina EF, Barros RS, Ribeiro DM (2014) Germination of salt-stressed seeds as related to the ethylene biosynthesis ability in three Stylosanthes species. J Plant Physiol 171:14–22
Singh S, Prasad SM (2014) Growth, photosynthesis and oxidative responses of Solanum melongena L. Seedlings to cadmium stress: mechanism of toxicity amelioration by kinetin. Sci Hort 176:1–10
Song L, Ding W, Zhao M, Sun B, Zhang L (2006) Nitric oxide protects against oxidative stress under heat stress in the calluses from two ecotypes of reed. Plant Sci 171:449–458
Spollen WG, LeNoble ME, Samuels TD et al (2000) Abscisic acid accumulation maintains maize primary root elongation at low water potentials by restricting ethylene production. Plant Physiol 122:967–976
Srivastava AK, Venkatachalam P, Raghothama KG, Sahi SV (2007) Identification of lead-regulated genes by suppression subtractive hybridization in the heavy metal accumulator Sesbania drummondii. Planta 225:1353–1365
Stroiński A, Chadzinikolau T, Giżewska K, Zielezińska M (2010) ABA or cadmium induced phytochelatin synthesis in potato tubers. Biol Plant 54:117–120
Stroiński A, Giżewska K, Zielezińska M (2013) Abscisic acid is required in transduction of cadmium signal to potato roots. Biol Plant 57:121–127
Sun X, Guo L (2013) Relationship between cadmium-induced root subapical hair development and ethylene biosynthesis in oilseed rape seedlings. Acta Biol Cracov Ser Bot 55:68–75
Swamy PM, Smith B (1999) Role of abscisic acid in plant stress tolerance. Curr Sci 76:1220–1227
Tanaka Y, Sano T, Tamaoki M, Nakajima N et al (2005) Ethylene inhibits abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 138:2337–2343
Tang CF, Liu YG, Zeng GM, Li X et al (2005) Effects of exogenous spermidine on antioxidant system responses of Typha latifolia L. under Cd2+ stress. J Intl Plant Biol 47:428–434
Toth T, Zsiros O, Kis M, Garab G, Kovacs L (2012) Cadmium exerts its toxic effects on photosynthesis via a cascade mechanism in the cyanobacterium, Synechocystis PCC 6803. Plant Cell Environ 35:2075–2086
Tudoreanu L, Phillips CJC (2004) Modelling cadmium uptake and accumulation in plants. Adv Agron 84:121–157
United Nations Environment Programme (2008) Draft final review of scientific information on cadmium. http://www.chem.unep.ch/pb_and_cd/SR/Draft_final_reviews_Nov2008.htm . Accessed 20th Sep. 2014
Uraguchi S, Mori S, Kuramata M, Kawasaki A, Arao T, Ishikawa S (2009) Root-to-shoot Cd translocation via the xylem is the major process determining shoot and grain cadmium accumulation in rice. J Exp Bot 60:2677–2688
Van de Mortel JE, Schat H, Moerland PD, Ver Loren van Themaat E et al (2008) Expression differences for genes involved in lignin, glutathione and sulphate metabolism in response to cadmium in Arabidopsis thaliana and the related Zn/Cd-hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens. Plant Cell Environ 31:301–324
Vázquez MN, Guerrero YR, González LM, de la Nova WT (2013) Brassinosteroids and plant responses to heavy metal stress. An overview. Open J Metal 3:34–41
Velitcukova M, Fedina I (1998) Response of photosynthesis of Pisum sativum to salt stress as affected by methyl jasmonate. Photosynthetica 35:89–97
Verbruggen N, Hermans C, Schat H (2009) Mechanisms to cope with arsenic or cadmium excess in plants. Curr Opin Plant Biol 12:364–372
Verma K, Mehta SK, Shekhawat GS (2013) Nitric oxide (NO) counteracts cadmium induced cytotoxic processes mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Brassica juncea: cross-talk between ROS, NO and antioxidant responses. Biometals 26:255–269
Villiers F, Jourdain A, Bastien O, Leonhardt N et al (2012) Evidence for functional interaction between brassinosteroids and cadmium response in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Exp Bot 63:1185–1200
Vitti A, Nuzzaci M, Scopa A, Tataranni G, Remans T et al (2013) Auxin and cytokinin metabolism and root morphological modifications in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings infected with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) or exposed to cadmium. Int J Mol Sci 14:6889–6902
Wang B, Du Y (2013) Cadmium and its neurotoxic effects. In: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, vol. 2013, article ID 898034, doi: 10.1155/2013/898034
Wang B, Zhang J, Xia X, Zhang WH (2011) Ameliorative effect of brassinosteroid and ethylene on germination of cucumber seeds in the presence of sodium chloride. Plant Growth Regul 65:407–413
Wang ZY, Bai MY, Oh E, Zhu JY (2012) Brassinosteroid signaling network and regulation of photomorphogenesis. Annu Rev Genet 46:701–724
Wang Q, Liang X, Dong Y, Xu L et al (2013) Effects of exogenous salicylic acid and nitric oxide on physiological characteristics of perennial ryegrass under cadmium stress. J Plant Growth Regul 32:721–731
Weber M, Trampczynska A, Clemens S (2006) Comparative transcriptome analysis of toxic metal responses in Arabidopsis thaliana and the Cd2+-hypertolerant facultative metallophyte Arabidopsis halleri. Plant Cell Environ 29:950–963
WHO (2007) Health risks of heavy metals from long-range transboundary air pollution. World Health Organization 2007. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen
Wilen RW, Ewan BE, Gusta LV (1994) Interaction of abscisic acid and jasmonic acid on the inhibition of seed germination and the induction of freezing tolerance. Can J Bot 72:1009–1017
Xiang C, Oliver DJ (1998) Glutathione metabolic genes coordinately respond to heavy metals and jasmonic acid in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 10:1539–1550
Xu J, Wang W, Yin H, Liu X et al (2010) Exogenous nitric oxide improves antioxidative capacity and reduces auxin degradation in roots of Medicago truncatula seedlings under cadmium stress. Plant Soil 326:321–330
Yakimova ET, Kapchina-Toteva VM, Laarhoven LJ et al (2006) Involvement of ethylene and lipid signalling in cadmium-induced programmed cell death in tomato suspension cells. Plant Physiol Biochem 44:581–589
Yan Z, Chen J, Li X (2013) Methyl jasmonate as modulator of Cd toxicity in Capsicum frutescens var. fasciculatum seedlings. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 98:203–209
Yang XE, Long XX, Ye HB, He ZL et al (2004) Cadmium tolerance and hyperaccumulation in a new Zn hyperaccumulating plant species (Sedum alfredii Hance). Plant Soil 259:181–189
Ye Y, Li Z, Xing D (2013) Nitric oxide promotes MPK6-mediated caspase-3-like activation in cadmium-induced Arabidopsis thaliana programmed cell death. Plant Cell Environ 36:1–15
Yuan GF, Jia CG, Li Z, Sun B et al (2010) Effect of brassinosteroids on drought resistance and abscisic acid concentration in tomato under water stress. Sci Hort 126:103–108
Zawaski C, Busov VB (2014) Roles of gibberellin catabolism and signaling in growth and physiological response to drought and short-day photoperiods in Populus trees. PLoS ONE 9:e86217
Zhang F, Zhang H, Xia Y, Wang G et al (2011) Exogenous application of salicylic acid alleviates cadmium toxicity and reduces hydrogen peroxide accumulation in root apoplasts of Phaseolus aureus and Vicia sativa. Plant Cell Rep 30:1475–1483
Zhao H, Yang H (2008) Exogenous polyamines alleviate the lipid peroxidation induced by cadmium chloride stress in Malus hupehensis Rehd. Sci Hortic 116:442–447
Zhao FY, Hu F, Zhang SY, Wang K et al (2013) MAPKs regulate root growth by influencing auxin signaling and cell cycle-related gene expression in cadmium-stressed rice. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20:5449–5460
Zhu XF, Jiang T, Wang ZW, Lei GJ et al (2012) Gibberellic acid alleviates cadmium toxicity by reducing nitric oxide accumulation and expression of IRT1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Hazard Mater 239:302–307