Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Đặc điểm khoáng vật học và hóa học của đá thải từ một mỏ vàng ở đông bắc Thái Lan: ứng dụng cho bảo vệ tác động môi trường
Tóm tắt
Đá thải từ khai thác vàng ở đông bắc Thái Lan được phân loại thành cát kết, đá bùn, gossan, skarn, skarn - sulfide, sulfide khối, diorit, và đá vôi/marmarit. Trong số các loại đá này, đá skarn-sulfide và đá sulfide khối có khả năng phát sinh nước thải axit từ mỏ (AMD) do chúng chứa một lượng đáng kể khoáng sản sulfide, tức là, pyrrhotite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, và chalcopyrite. Hơn nữa, cả hai loại đá sulfide đều chứa hàm lượng cao As và Cu, điều này được gây ra bởi sự xuất hiện của arsenopyrite và chalcopyrite, tương ứng. Một vấn đề chính khác là hàm lượng gossan, bao gồm goethite, oxit sắt kết hợp nước (HFO), thạch anh, thạch cao, và pyroxene đã oxy hóa. Các bản đồ X-quang sử dụng phân tích vi điện tử (EPMA) cho thấy sự phân bố của một số nguyên tố độc hại trong khoáng sản Fe-oxyhydroxide trong đá thải gossan. Chì (As) (lên đến 1.37 wt.%) và đồng (Cu) (lên đến 0.60 wt.%) được tìm thấy trong goethite, HFO, và ven oxy hóa của pyroxene. Do đó, đá gossan dường như là một nguồn cung cấp As, Cu, và Mn. Kết quả là đá sulfide khối, skarn-sulfide, và gossan đều có khả năng gây ra các tác động môi trường, đặc biệt là AMD và ô nhiễm nguyên tố độc hại. Do đó, các đá thải sulfide khối và skarn-sulfide nên được bảo vệ khỏi oxy và nước để tránh một môi trường oxy hóa, trong khi các đá thải gossan nên được bảo vệ khỏi sự hình thành AMD để ngăn ngừa ô nhiễm kim loại nặng.
Từ khóa
#Đá thải #khai thác vàng #đông bắc Thái Lan #nước thải axit từ mỏ #ô nhiễm môi trườngTài liệu tham khảo
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