Di cư để đối phó với biến đổi khí hậu và biến đổi khí hậu? Những hiểu biết từ các cộng đồng đánh cá ven biển ở Bangladesh

Climatic Change - Tập 124 - Trang 733-746 - 2014
Md. Monirul Islam1,2, Susannah Sallu1, Klaus Hubacek3, Jouni Paavola1
1Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
2Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
3Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, USA

Tóm tắt

Có một cuộc tranh luận đang diễn ra về di cư do khí hậu nhưng có rất ít bằng chứng thực tế. Chúng tôi xem xét cách mà di cư do khí hậu đã ảnh hưởng đến độ dễ bị tổn thương và khả năng thích ứng của một cộng đồng đánh cá ven biển ở Bangladesh. Chúng tôi đã sử dụng khảo sát hộ gia đình, phỏng vấn và thảo luận nhóm tập trung để so sánh giữa các hộ gia đình phụ thuộc vào nghề cá đã di cư từ đảo Kutubdia đến đất liền với những hộ gia đình đã ở lại. Những kết quả của chúng tôi cho thấy rằng các hộ gia đình đã tái định cư ít bị ảnh hưởng hơn bởi lũ lụt, sự gia tăng mực nước biển và xói mòn đất so với những hộ gia đình ở lại. Họ cũng sở hữu nhiều tài sản sinh kế hơn, có thu nhập cao hơn và tiếp cận tốt hơn đến nguồn nước, dịch vụ y tế và giáo dục, công nghệ và thị trường. Trong trường hợp nghiên cứu của chúng tôi, di cư đã trở thành một chiến lược khả thi để ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu và tính biến động của khí hậu.

Từ khóa

#di cư #biến đổi khí hậu #cộng đồng đánh cá #dễ bị tổn thương #thích ứng #Bangladesh

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