Microbial recolonization of artificial and natural stone artworks after cleaning and coating treatments

Pinna, 2017 Favero-Longo, 2018, Biocide efficacy and consolidant effect on the mycoflora of historical stuccos in indoor environment, J. Cult. Herit., 34, 33, 10.1016/j.culher.2018.03.017 Sanmartín, 2020, Medium-term field evaluation of several widely used cleaning-restoration techniques applied to algal biofilm formed on a granite-built historical monument, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 147, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2019.104870 Pinna, 2022, Can we do without biocides to cope with biofilms and lichens on stone heritage?, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 172, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2022.105437 Heimans, 1954, L'accessibilité, terme nouveau en Phytogéographie, Vegetatio, 5, 142, 10.1007/BF00299566 Villa, 2020, Aesthetic alteration of marble surfaces caused by biofilm formation: effects of chemical cleaning, Coatings, 10, 122, 10.3390/coatings10020122 Sanmartín, 2021, Changes in heterotrophic microbial communities induced by biocidal treatments in the Monastery of San Martiño Pinario (Santiago de Compostela, NW Spain), Int. Biodeter. Biodegrad., 156, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2020.105130 Cloete, 2003, Resistance mechanisms of bacteria to antimicrobial compounds, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 51, 277, 10.1016/S0964-8305(03)00042-8 Wakefield, 1997, Masonry biocides - Assessments of efficacy and effects on stone, SSCR J. Quart. News Mag. Scottish Soc. Conserv. Restorat., 8, 5 Delgado Rodrigues, 2011, Recolonization of marble sculptures in a garden environment, 71 Cámara, 2011, Characterizing the microbial colonization of a dolostone quarry: implications for stone biodeterioration and response to biocide treatments, Microbial Ecol, 62, 299, 10.1007/s00248-011-9815-x Sohrabi, 2017, Lichen colonization and associated deterioration processes in Pasargadae, UNESCO world heritage site, Iran, Int. Biodeter. Biodegrad., 117, 171, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.12.012 Jurado, 2014, Recolonization of mortars by endolithic organisms on the walls of San Roque Church in Campeche (Mexico): a case of tertiary bioreceptivity, Construct. Build. Mater., 53, 348, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.114 Warscheid, 2011, Microbiological studies on stone deterioration and development of conservation measures at Angkor Wat, 1 Severson, 2010, Formulating programs for long-term care of excavated marble: removing and suppressing biological growth, Stud. Conserv., 55, 172, 10.1179/sic.2010.55.Supplement-2.172 Guillitte, 1995, Bioreceptivity: a new concept for building ecological studies, Sci. Total Environ., 167, 215, 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04582-L Sanmartín, 2021, Revisiting and reanalysing the concept of bioreceptivity 25 years on, Sci.Total Environ, 770, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145314 Sanmartín, 2019, Tertiary bioreceptivity of schists from prehistoric rock art sites in the Côa Valley (Portugal) and Siega Verde (Spain) archaeological parks: effects of cleaning treatments, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 142, 151, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2019.05.011 Charola, 2007, Developing a maintenance plan for the stone sculptures and decorative elements in the gardens of the National Palace of Queluz, Portugal. Restorat. Build. Monuments, 13, 377, 10.1515/rbm-2007-6168 Jacob, 2018, Biofilms and lichens on eroded marble monuments, APT Bull. J. Preserv. Technol., 49, 55 Favero-Longo, 2020, A review of the nature, role and control of lithobionts on stone cultural heritage: weighing-up and managing biodeterioration and bioprotection, World J. Microbiol Biotechnol, 36, 1, 10.1007/s11274-020-02878-3 Sheppard, 2007, A liking for lichen, ICON News, 13, 22 Bartoli, 2021, Biological recolonization dynamics: kentridge's artwork disappearing along the Tiber embankments (Rome, Italy), Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 160, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2021.105214 Pinna, 2012, Monitoring the performance of innovative and traditional biocides mixed with consolidants and water-repellents for the prevention of biological growth on stone, Sci. Total Environ., 423, 132, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.02.012 Pinna, 2018, In situ long-term monitoring of recolonization by fungi and lichens after innovative and traditional conservative treatments of archaeological stones in Fiesole (Italy), Int. Biodeter. Biodegrad., 32, 49, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.05.003 Coutinho, 2015, Biological colonization and biodeterioration of architectural ceramic materials: an overview, J. Cult. Herit., 16, 759, 10.1016/j.culher.2015.01.006 Miller, 2012, Bioreceptivity of building stones: a review, Sci Total Environ, 426, 1, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.026 M. Bouichou, E. Marie-Victoire, Le nettoyage des betons anciens, in: Cercle Des Partenaires du Patrimoine: Champs sur Marne, France, (2009) pp. 120–127. Pascucci, 2016, Differential effects of conservation treatments on the dynamics of biological recolonization of travertine: case study of the Tiber's embankments (Rome, Italy), 2, 915 Caneva, 2008, Biodeterioration problems in relation to geographical and climatic contexts, 219 Shirakawa, 2010, Climate as the most important factor determining anti-fungal biocide performance in paint films, Sci. Total Environ., 408, 5878, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.084 Henriques, 2007, Development of biocolonization resistant mortars: preliminary results, Restorat. Build. Monuments, 13, 389, 10.1515/rbm-2007-6169 Akatova, 2006, Natural re-colonization of restored mural paintings, 1, 381 Akatova, 2007, Analysis of the microbial communities from a restored tomb in the Necropolis of Carmona (Sevilla, Spain), Coalition, 14, 2 Kigawa, 2008, Biological issues in Kitora Tumulus during relocation work of the mural paintings, Hozon Kagaku, 47, 129 De Lucca, 2012, Blue Light (470nm) effectively inhibits bacterial and fungal growth, Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 55, 460, 10.1111/lam.12002 Bruno, 2014, A study for monitoring and conservation in the Roman catacombs of St. Callistus and Domitilla, Rome (Italy), 37 Borderie, 2014, Factors driving epilithic algal colonization in show caves and new insights into combating biofilm development with UV-C treatments, Sci Total Environ, 484, 43, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.043 Caneva, 2019, Changes in biodeterioration patterns of mural paintings: multi-temporal mapping for a preventive conservation strategy in the Crypt of the Original Sin (Matera, Italy), J. Cult. Herit., 40, 59, 10.1016/j.culher.2019.05.011 Leplat, 2017, White fungal covering on the wall paintings of the Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe abbey church crypt: a case study, Int. Biodeter. Biodegrad., 122, 29, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.04.007 Ferreira Pinto, 2014, Effectiveness and stability over time of water repellent treatments on carbonate and granitic stones, 151 Myrin, 2006, A case study on the evaluation of consolidation treatments of Gotland sandstone by use of ultrasound pulse velocity measurements, 749 Mack, 2000 Rodrigues, 2022, Stone consolidation. Between science and practice, 101 De Leo, 2021, Surface active ionic liquids-based coatings as subaerial anti-biofilms for stone built cultural heritage, Coatings, 11, 26, 10.3390/coatings11010026 Bracci, 2002, Comparative study on durability of different treatments on sandstone after exposure in natural environment, 129 Romani, 2021, Methyl potassium siliconate and siloxane inhibit the formation of multispecies biofilms on ceramic roof tiles: efficiency and comparison of two common water repellents, Microorganisms, 9, 394, 10.3390/microorganisms9020394 Sterflinger, 2006, Biodeterioration of buildings and works of art – Practical implications on restoration practice, 299 Cappitelli, 2021, Interactions of microorganisms and synthetic polymers in cultural heritage conservation, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 163, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2021.105282 Sanmartín, 2021, Cracks in consolidants containing TiO2 as a habitat for biological colonization: a case of quaternary bioreceptivity, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 124, 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112058 Urzì, 2007, Evaluation of the efficiency of water-repellent and biocide compounds against microbial colonization of mortars, Int. Biodeter. Biodegrad., 60, 25, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2006.11.003 Pangallo, 2015, Biodeterioration of epoxy resin: a microbial survey through culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches, Environ. Microbiol., 17, 462, 10.1111/1462-2920.12523 Nascimbene, 2008, Lichen recolonization on restored calcareous statues of three Venetian villas, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 62, 313, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2007.11.005 Nascimbene, 2009, Monitoring lichen recolonization on a restored calcareous statue, Sci. Total Environ., 407, 2420, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.12.037 Aranyanark, 2003, Biological agents in the weathering of sandstone Sanctuaries in Thailand, AICCM Bull, 28, 11, 10.1179/bac.2003.28.1.003 Ginell, 1995, Conservation studies on limestone from the Maya site at Xunantunich, Belize, MRS Online Proc. Lib., 352, 813, 10.1557/PROC-352-813 Eyssautier-Chuine, 2014, Assessment of new protective treatments for porous limestone combining water-repellency and anti-colonization properties, Quart. J. Eng. Geol. Hydrogeol., 47, 177, 10.1144/qjegh2013-026 Charola, 2008, Disfiguring biocolonization patterns after the application of water repellents, Restorat. Build. Monuments, 14, 365, 10.1515/rbm-2008-6241 De Muynck, 2009, Evaluation of strategies to prevent algal fouling on white architectural and cellular concrete, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 63, 679, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2009.04.007 Gabriele, 2022, Application and monitoring of oxidative alginate-biocide hydrogels for two case studies in “The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera”, Coatings, 12, 462, 10.3390/coatings12040462 Heyn, 2004, Microbial attack on synthetic polymers, 208 Ariño, 2002, Assessment of the performance of a water-repellent/biocide treatment after 8 years, 121 Moreau, 2008, Water repellent and biocide treatments: assessment of the potential combinations, J. Cult. Heritage, 9, 394, 10.1016/j.culher.2008.02.002 Schiavo, 2020, Present and future perspectives for biocides and antifouling products for stone-built cultural heritage: ionic liquids as a challenging alternative, Appl. Sci., 10, 6568, 10.3390/app10186568 Flemming, 1998, Relevance of biofilms for the biodeterioration of surfaces of polymeric materials, Polym. Degradat. Stability, 59, 309, 10.1016/S0141-3910(97)00189-4 Lugauskas, 2003, Micromycetes as deterioration agents of polymeric materials, Int. Biodeter. Biodegrad., 52, 233, 10.1016/S0964-8305(03)00110-0 Cappitelli, 2008, Microorganisms attack synthetic polymers in items representing our cultural heritage, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 74, 564, 10.1128/AEM.01768-07 Breister, 2020, Soil microbiomes mediate degradation of vinyl ester-based polymer composites, Commun. Mater., 1, 101, 10.1038/s43246-020-00102-1 Gomoiu, 2022, The susceptibility to biodegradation of some consolidants used in the restoration of mural paintings, Appl. Sci., 12, 7229, 10.3390/app12147229 Campana, 2022, A multidisciplinary approach in examining the susceptibility to microbial attack of polyacrylic and polyurethane resins used in art restoration, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23, 11725, 10.3390/ijms231911725 Pinna, 1999, Biological growth on Italian monuments restored with organic or carbonatic compounds, 149 Cappitelli, 2007, Synthetic consolidants attacked by melanin-producing fungi: case study of the biodeterioration of Milan (Italy) cathedral marble treated with acrylics, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 73, 271, 10.1128/AEM.02220-06 Pistone, 2016, Polyester resin and carbon nanotubes-based nanocomposite as new generation coating to prevent biofilm formation, Int. J. Polym. Anal. Character., 21, 327, 10.1080/1023666X.2016.1155826 Reyes‑Estebanez, 2018, Antimicrobial engineered nanoparticles in the built cultural heritage context and their ecotoxicological impact on animals and plants: a brief review, Herit. Sci., 6, 52, 10.1186/s40494-018-0219-9 Salvadori, 2011, Methods to prevent biocolonization and recolonization: an overview of current research for architectural and archaeological heritage, 37 Favero-Longo, 2017, Species- and site-specific efficacy of commercial biocides and application solvents against lichens, Int. Biodeter. Biodegrad., 123, 127, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.06.009 Isola, 2022, Black fungi and stone heritage conservation: ecological and metabolic assays for evaluating colonization potential and responses to traditional biocides, Appl. Sci., 12, 2038, 10.3390/app12042038 Mokrzycki, 2011, Color difference Delta E - A survey, Machine Graph. Vis., 20, 383 Sasse, 1997, Methods for the evaluation of stone conservation treatments, 223