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Độ đa dạng vi sinh vật và khả năng cố định nitơ liên quan đến vi khuẩn lam không hình cầu Lyngbya robusta trong môi trường nước ngọt
Tóm tắt
Hồ Atitlan, Guatemala, một hồ nước ngọt tại Nam Mỹ, gặp phải hiện tượng nở hoa thường xuyên hàng năm do vi khuẩn lam dạng sợi planktic Lyngbya robusta gây ra. Các đặc trưng sinh hóa trước đây của hiện tượng nở hoa đã xác định được hoạt động nitrogenase theo chu kỳ ngày đêm điển hình của vi khuẩn lam không hình cầu, bên cạnh việc phát hiện ở mức thấp các loại độc tố cyanobacterial như cylindrospermopsin và saxitoxin. Một phương pháp phân tử, kết hợp việc giải mã sâu các gen 16S rRNA và nifH, đã được áp dụng cho một mẫu bị chiếm ưu thế bởi vi khuẩn lam được thu thập trong thời gian nở hoa rộng rãi năm 2009. Lyngbya chiếm hơn 60% tổng số chuỗi 16S rRNA, và loài vi khuẩn lam duy nhất khác được phát hiện là picophytoplankton Synechococcus. Cộng đồng vi khuẩn còn lại gồm các sinh vật điển hình của các nguồn nước ngọt giàu dinh dưỡng khác, mặc dù tỷ lệ phong phú là không điển hình. Một sinh vật kị khí bắt buộc Opitutus, không thường được tìm thấy trong các hệ sinh thái nước ngọt, đã được xác định trong cộng đồng, điều này gợi ý rằng nó có thể có vai trò trong việc tăng cường khả năng cố định nitơ. Khả năng cố định nitơ chính được quy cho Lyngbya, với các sinh vật có khả năng cố định nitơ khác, Desulfovibrio, Clostridium và Methylomonas, có mặt với số lượng rất thấp.
Từ khóa
#Hồ Atitlan; vi khuẩn lam; Lyngbya robusta; cố định nitơ; bông nở; sinh học phân tử; vi sinh vật nước ngọtTài liệu tham khảo
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