Microbial composition differs between production systems and is associated with growth performance and carcass quality in pigs

Animal Microbiome - Tập 3 Số 1 - 2021
Christian Maltecca1, Robert R. Dunn2, Yuqing He1, Nathan P. McNulty3, Constantino Schillebeeckx3, Charles V. Schwab4, Caleb M Shull5, Justin Fix1, Francesco Tiezzi4
1Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, 120 W Broughton Dr, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
2Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, 100 Brooks Ave, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
3Matatu Inc., 4340 Duncan Ave Suite 211, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
4Acuity Ag Solutions, 7475 State Route 127, Carlyle, IL, 62231, USA
5The Maschhoffs LLC, 7475 IL-127, Carlyle, IL, 62231, USA

Tóm tắt

Abstract Background The role of the microbiome in livestock production has been highlighted in recent research. Currently, little is known about the microbiome's impact across different systems of production in swine, particularly between selection nucleus and commercial populations. In this paper, we investigated fecal microbial composition in nucleus versus commercial systems at different time points. Results We identified microbial OTUs associated with growth and carcass composition in each of the two populations, as well as the subset common to both. The two systems were represented by individuals with sizeable microbial diversity at weaning. At later times microbial composition varied between commercial and nucleus, with species of the genus Lactobacillus more prominent in the nucleus population. In the commercial populations, OTUs of the genera Lactobacillus and Peptococcus were associated with an increase in both growth rate and fatness. In the nucleus population, members of the genus Succinivibrio were negatively correlated with all growth and carcass traits, while OTUs of the genus Roseburia had a positive association with growth parameters. Lactobacillus and Peptococcus OTUs showed consistent effects for fat deposition and daily gain in both nucleus and commercial populations. Similarly, OTUs of the Blautia genus were positively associated with daily gain and fat deposition. In contrast, an increase in the abundance of the Bacteroides genus was negatively associated with growth performance parameters. Conclusions The current study provides a first characterization of microbial communities' value throughout the pork production systems. It also provides information for incorporating microbial composition into the selection process in the quest for affordable and sustainable protein production in swine.

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Animal Microbiome

Tập 3 Số 1

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