Metastatic Tumors to the Jaws and Mouth

Head and Neck Pathology - Tập 8 Số 4 - Trang 463-474 - 2014
Abraham Hirshberg1, Raanan Berger2, Irit Allon1, Ilana Kaplan1
1Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
2Institute of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Valastyan S, Weinberg RA. Tumor metastasis: molecular insights and evolving paradigms. Cell. 2011;147(2):275–92.

Nguyen DX, Bos PD, Massague J. Metastasis: from dissemination to organ-specific colonization. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009;9(4):274–84.

Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 2011;144(5):646–74.

Servato JP, de Paulo LF, de Faria PR, Cardoso SV, Loyola AM. Metastatic tumours to the head and neck: retrospective analysis from a Brazilian tertiary referral centre. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;42(11):1391–6.

Hashimoto N, Kurihara K, Yamasaki H, Ohba S, Sakai H, Yoshida S. Pathological characteristics of metastatic carcinoma in the human mandible. J Oral Pathol. 1987;16(7):362–7.

Hirshberg A, Leibovich P, Buchner A. Metastases to the oral mucosa: analysis of 157 cases. J Oral Pathol Med. 1993;22(9):385–90.

Hirshberg A, Leibovich P, Buchner A. Metastatic tumors to the jaws: analysis of 390 cases. J Oral Pathol Med. 1994;23(8):337–41.

Hirshberg A, Buchner A. Metastatic tumours to the oral region. An overview. Oral Oncol. Eur J Cancer. 1995;31B(6):355–60.

Hirshberg A, Shnaiderman-Shapiro A, Kaplan I, Berger R. Metastatic tumours to the oral cavity—pathogenesis and analysis of 673 cases. Oral Oncol. 2008;44(8):743–52.

Allon I, Pessing A, Kaplan I, Allon DM, Hirshberg A. Metastatic tumors to the gingiva and the presence of teeth as a contributing factor: a literature analysis. J Periodontol. 2014;85(1):132–9.

Vanharanta S, Massague J. Origins of metastatic traits. Cancer Cell. 2013;24(4):410–21.

Baccelli I, Schneeweiss A, Riethdorf S, Stenzinger A, Schillert A, Vogel V, Klein C, Saini M, Bäuerle T, Wallwiener M, Holland-Letz T, Höfner T, Sprick M, Scharpff M, Marmé F, Sinn HP, Pantel K, Weichert W, Trumpp A. Identification of a population of blood circulating tumor cells from breast cancer patients that initiates metastasis in a xenograft assay. Nat Biotechnol. 2013;31(6):539–44.

Stott SL, Lee RJ, Nagrath S, Yu M, Miyamoto DT, Ulkus L, Inserra EJ, Ulman M, Springer S, Nakamura Z, Moore AL, Tsukrov DI, Kempner ME, Dahl DM, Wu CL, Iafrate AJ, Smith MR, Tompkins RG, Sequist LV, Toner M, Haber DA, Maheswaran S. Isolation and characterization of circulating tumor cells from patients with localized and metastatic prostate cancer. Sci Transl Med. 2010;2(25):25.

Sleeman JP, Nazarenko I, Thiele W. Do all roads lead to Rome? Routes to metastasis development. Int J Cancer. 2011;128(11):2511–26.

Lamouille S, Xu J, Derynck R. Molecular mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2014;15(3):178–96.

Tsai JH, Yang J. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in carcinoma metastasis. Genes Dev. 2013;27(20):2192–206.

Joyce JA, Pollard JW. Microenvironmental regulation of metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009;9(4):239–52.

Thiery JP, Acloque H, Huang RY, Nieto MA. Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in development and disease. Cell. 2009;139(5):871–90.

Kessenbrock K, Plaks V, Werb Z. Matrix metalloproteinases: regulators of the tumor microenvironment. Cell. 2010;141(1):52–67.

Folkman J. Role of angiogenesis in tumor growth and metastasis. Semin Oncol. 2002;29(6 Suppl 16):15–8.

Weis SM, Cheresh DA. Tumor angiogenesis: molecular pathways and therapeutic targets. Nat Med. 2011;17(11):1359–70.

Greer SN, Metcalf JL, Wang Y, Ohh M. The updated biology of hypoxia-inducible factor. EMBO J. 2012;31(11):2448–60.

Pugh CW, Ratcliffe PJ. Regulation of angiogenesis by hypoxia: role of the HIF system. Nat Med. 2003;9(6):677–84.

Reymond N, d’Água BB, Ridley AJ. Crossing the endothelial barrier during metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer. 2013;13(12):858–70.

Nguyen DX, Bos PD, Massague J. Metastasis: from dissemination to organ-specific colonization. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009;9(4):274–84.

Paget S. The distribution of secondary growths in cancer of the breast. Lancet. 1889;1:571–3.

Psaila B, Lyden D. The metastatic niche: adapting the foreign soil. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009;9(4):285–93.

Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S, Sandur SK, Pandey MK, Sethi G. Inflammation and cancer: how hot is the link? Biochem Pharmacol. 2006;72(11):1605–21.

Spano D, Zollo M. Tumor microenvironment: a main actor in the metastasis process. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2012;29(4):381–95.

Borsig L, Wolf MJ, Roblek M, Lorentzen A, Heikenwalder M. Inflammatory chemokines and metastasis–tracing the accessory. Oncogene. 2014;33(25):3217–24.

Elinav E, Nowarski R, Thaiss CA, Hu B, Jin C, Flavell RA. Inflammation-induced cancer: crosstalk between tumours, immune cells and microorganisms. Nat Rev Cancer. 2013;13(11):759–71.

Peinado H, Lavotshkin S, Lyden D. The secreted factors responsible for pre-metastatic niche formation: old sayings and new thoughts. Semin Cancer Biol. 2011;21(2):139–46.

Landskron G, De la Fuente M, Thuwajit P, Thuwajit C, Hermoso MA. Chronic inflammation and cytokines in the tumor microenvironment. J Immunol Res. 2014;2014:149185.

Stockmann C, Schadendorf D, Klose R, Helfrich I. The impact of the immune system on tumor: angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. Front Oncol. 2014;4:69.

Feller L, Altini M, Lemmer J. Inflammation in the context of oral cancer. Oral Oncol. 2013;49(9):887–92.

Tezal M, Sullivan MA, Hyland A, Marshall JR, Stoler D, Reid ME, Loree TR, Rigual NR, Merzianu M, Hauck L, Lillis C, Wactawski-Wende J, Scannapieco FA. Chronic periodontitis and the incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18(9):2406–12.

Wells A, Griffith L, Wells JZ, Taylor DP. The dormancy dilemma: quiescence versus balanced proliferation. Cancer Res. 2013;73(13):3811–6.

Coleman RE. Clinical features of metastatic bone disease and risk of skeletal morbidity. Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12(20 Pt 2):6243s–9s.

Li S, Peng Y, Weinhandl ED, Blaes AH, Cetin K, Chia VM, Stryker S, Pinzone JJ, Acquavella JF, Arneson TJ. Estimated number of prevalent cases of metastatic bone disease in the US adult population. Clin Epidemiol. 2012;4:87–93.

Rahim F, Hajizamani S, Mortaz E, Ahmadzadeh A, Shahjahani M, Shahrabi S, Saki N. Molecular regulation of bone marrow metastasis in prostate and breast cancer. Bone Marrow Res. 2014;2014:405920.

Brown JE, Cook RJ, Major P, Lipton A, Saad F, Smith M, Lee KA, Zheng M, Hei YJ, Coleman RE. Bone turnover markers as predictors of skeletal complications in prostate cancer, lung cancer, and other solid tumors. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97(1):59–69.

Dougall WC. Molecular pathways: osteoclast-dependent and osteoclast-independent roles of the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;18(2):326–35.

Rucci N, Teti A. Osteomimicry: how tumor cells try to deceive the bone. Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2010;1(2):907–15.

Clezardin P, Teti A. Bone metastasis: pathogenesis and therapeutic implications. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2007;24(8):599–608.

Weilbaecher KN, Guise TA, McCauley LK. Cancer to bone: a fatal attraction. Nat Rev Cancer. 2011;11(6):411–25.

Oyewumi MO, Alazizi A, Wehrung D, Manochakian R, Safadi FF. Emerging lung cancer therapeutic targets based on the pathogenesis of bone metastases. Int J Cell Biol. 2014;2014:236246. doi: 10.1155/2014/236246 .

Gartrell BA, Saad F. Managing bone metastases and reducing skeletal related events in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2014;11(6):335–45.

Yonou H, Ochiai A, Goya M, Kanomata N, Hokama S, Morozumi M, Sugaya K, Hatano T, Ogawa Y. Intraosseous growth of human prostate cancer in implanted adult human bone: relationship of prostate cancer cells to osteoclasts in osteoblastic metastatic lesions. Prostate. 2004;58(4):406–13.

Jung K, Lein M. Bone turnover markers in serum and urine as diagnostic, prognostic and monitoring biomarkers of bone metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014;1846(2):425–38.

Coleman R, Costa L, Saad F, Cook R, Hadji P, Terpos E, Garnero P, Brown J, Body JJ, Smith M, Lee KA, Major P, Dimopoulos M, Lipton A. Consensus on the utility of bone markers in the malignant bone disease setting. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2011;80(3):411–32.

Barnadas A, Manso L, de la Piedra C, Meseguer C, Crespo C, Gómez P, Calvo L, Martinez P, Ruiz-Borrego M, Perelló A, Antón A, Codes M, Margelí M, Murias A, Salvador J, Seguí MÁ, de Juan A, Gavilá J, Luque M, Pérez D, Zamora P, Arizcuma A, Chacón JI, Heras L, Martin-Fernández M, Mahillo-Fernández I, Tusquets I. Bone turnover markers as predictive indicators of outcome in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases treated with bisphosphonates: results from a 2-year multicentre observational study (ZOMAR study). Bone. 2014;68:32–40.

Poon M, Zeng L, Zhang L, Lam H, Emmenegger U, Wong E, Bedard G, Lao N, Chow R, Chow E. Incidence of skeletal-related events over time from solid tumour bone metastases reported in randomised trials using bone-modifying agents. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2013;25(7):435–44.

Peddi P, Lopez-Olivo MA, Pratt GF, Suarez-Almazor ME. Denosumab in patients with cancer and skeletal metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Treat Rev. 2013;39(1):97–104.

Deng X, He G, Liu J, Luo F, Peng X, Tang S, Gao Z, Lin Q, Keller JM, Yang T, Keller ET. Recent advances in bone-targeted therapies of metastatic prostate cancer. Cancer Treat Rev. 2014;40(6):730–8.

Batson OV. The function of the vertebral veins and their role in the spread of metastases. Ann Surg. 1940;112(1):138–49.

Cummings J, Hacking N, Fairhurst J, Ackery D, Jenkins JD. Distribution of bony metastases in prostatic carcinoma. Br J Urol. 1990;66(4):411–4.

D’silva N, Summerline DJ, Cordell KG, Abdelsayed RA, Tomish CE, Hanks CT, Fear D, Meyrowitz S. Metastatic tumors in the jaws. A retrospective study of 114 cases. JADA. 2006;137(12):1667–72.

Seoane J, Van der Waal I, Van der Waal RI, Cameselle-Teijeiro J, Antón I, Tardio A, Alcázar-Otero JJ, Varela-Centelles P, Diz P, Antón I, Tardio A, Alcázar-Otero JJ. Metastatic tumours to the oral cavity: a survival study with a special focus on gingival metastases. J Clin Periodontol. 2009;36(6):488–92.

Otenio CC, Fonseca I, Martins MF, Ribeiro LC, Assis NM, Ferreira AP, Ribeiro RA. Expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS in pregnant women with periodontal disease. Genet Mol Res. 2012;11(4):4468–78.

Bickel M, Axtelius B, Solioz C, Attstrom R. Cytokine gene expression in chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2001;28(9):840–7.

Allavena P, Sica A, Solinas G, Porta C, Mantovani A. The inflammatory microenvironment in tumor progression: the role of tumor-associated macrophages. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2008;66(1):1–9.

Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer Statistics, 2013. CA Cancer J Clin. 2013;63(1):11–30.

Ferlay J, Steliarova-Foucher E, Lortet-Tieulent J, Rosso S, Coebergh JW, Comber H, Forman D, Bray F. Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: estimates for 40 countries in 2012. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(6):1374–403.

Lim SY, Kim SA, Ahn SG, Kim HK, Kim SG, Hwang HK, Kim BO, Lee SH, Kim JD, Yoon JH. Metastatic tumours to the jaws and oral soft tissues: a retrospective analysis of 41 Korean patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006;35(5):412–5.

Nishimura Y, Yakata H, Kawasaki T, Nakajima T. Metastatic tumours of the mouth and jaws. A review of the Japanese literature. J Maxillofac Surg. 1982;10(4):253–8.

Shen ML, Kang J, Wen YL, Ying WM, Yi J, Hua CG, Tang XF, Wen YM. Metastatic tumors to the oral and maxillofacial region: a retrospective study of 19 cases in West China and review of the Chinese and English literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67(4):718–37.

Laurencet FM, Anchisi S, Tullen E, Dietrich PY. Mental neuropathy: report of five cases and review of the literature. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2000;34(1):71–9.

Smith SF, Blackman G, Hopper C. Numb chin syndrome: a nonmetastatic neurological manifestation of malignancy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;105(3):e53–6.

Ahsar A, Khateery SM, Kovacs A. Mandibular metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma: a case involving severe post biopsy hemorrhage. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;55(6):547–52.

Hirshberg A, Leibovich P, Horowitz I, Buchner A. metastatic tumors to post-extraction site. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1993;51(12):1334–7.

Ost P, Bossi A, Decaestecker K, De Meerleer G, Giannarini G, Karnes RJ, Roach M 3rd, Briganti A. Metastasis-directed therapy of regional and distant recurrences after curative treatment of prostate cancer: a systematic review of the literature. Eur Urol. 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.09.004 .

Nakamura T, Ishimaru JI, Mizui T, Kobayashi A, Iwata H, Shimokawa K. Osteosarcoma metastatic to the mandible: a case report. Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2001;91(4):452–4.

Bhattacharyya I, Williamson A, Cohen DM, Bever JL. Metastatic neuroblastoma with ganglionuromtous differentiation and mandibular involvement. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1999;88(5):582–6.

Taylor MB, Bronham NR, Arnold SE. Carcinoma of unknown primary: key radiological issues from the recent National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines. Br J Radiol. 1014;2012(85):661–71.

National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Diagnosis and management of metastatic disease of unknown primary origin (clinical guideline 104). London UK: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence; 2010.

Amela EY, Lauridant-Philippin G, Cousin S, Ryckewaert T, Adenis A, Penel A. Management of “unfavourable” carcinoma of unknown primary site: synthesis of recent literarture. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2012;84(2):213–23.

Rekhtman N, Bishop JA. Quick reference handbook for surgical pathologists. Berlin: Springer; 2011.

Pavilidis N, Pentheroudokis G. Cancer of unknown primary site. Lancet. 2012;379:1428–35.

Pepper C, Pai I, Hay A, Deery A, Wilson P, Williamson P, Pitkin L. Investigatin strategy in the management of metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary presenting as cervical lymphadenopathy. Acta Otolaryngol. 2014;134(8):838–42.

Pavlidis N, Fizazi K. Cancer of unknown primary (CUP). Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2005;54(3):243–50.

Luke C, Koczwara B, Karapetis C, Pittman K, Price T, Kotasek D, Beckmann K, Brown MP, Roder D. Exploring the epidemiological characteristics of cancers of unknown primary site in an Australian population: implications for research and clinical care. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2008;32(4):383–9.

Shu X, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Hemminki K. Time trends in incidence, causes of death, and survival of cancer of unknown primary in Sweden. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2012;21(3):281–8.

Brewster DH, Lang J, Bhatti LA, Thomson CS, Oien KA. Descriptive epidemiology of cancer of unknown primary site in Scotland, 1961–2010. Cancer Epidemiol. 2014;38(3):227–34.

Urban D, Rao A, Bressel M, Lawrence YR, Mileshkin L. Cancer of unknown primary: a population-based analysis of temporal change and socioeconomic disparities. Br J Cancer. 2013;109(5):1318–24.

Brustugun OT, Helland A. Rapid reduction in the incidence of cancer of unknown primary: a population-based study. Acta Oncol. 2014;53(1):134–7.

van der Waal RI, Buter J, van der Waal I. Oral metastases: report of 24 cases. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003;41(1):3–6.

Thiele OC, Freier K, Bacon C, Flechtenmacher C, Scherfler S, Seeberger R. Craniofacial metastases: a 20-year survey. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2011;39(2):135–7.

Varadhachary GR, Raber MN. Cancer of unknown primary site. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(8):757–65.

Monzon FA, Koen TJ. Diagnosis of metastatic neoplasms: molecular approaches for identification of tissue of origin. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010;134(2):216–24.

Rosenfeld N, Aharonov R, Meiri E, Rosenwald S, Spector Y, Zepeniuk M, Benjamin H, Shabes N, Tabak S, Levy A, Lebanony D, Goren Y, Silberschein E, Targan N, Ben-Ari A, Gilad S, Sion-Vardy N, Tobar A, Feinmesser M, Kharenko O, Nativ O, Nass D, Perelman M, Yosepovich A, Shalmon B, Polak-Charcon S, Fridman E, Avniel A, Bentwich I, Bentwich Z, Cohen D, Chajut A, Barshack I. MicroRNAs accurately identify cancer tissue origin. Nat Biotechnol. 2008;26(4):462–9.

Epstein JI, Egevad L, Humphrey PA, Montironi R. Members of the ISUP Immunohistochemistry in Diagnostic Urologic Pathology Group. Best practices recommendations in the application of immunohistochemistry in the prostate: report from the International Society of Urologic Pathology consensus conference. Am J Surg Pathol. 2014;38(8):e6–19.

Reuter VE, Argani P, Zhou M, Delahunt B. Members of the ISUP Immunohistochemistry in Diagnostic Urologic Pathology Group. Best practices recommendations in the application of immunohistochemistry in the kidney tumors: report from the International Society of Urologic Pathology consensus conference. Am J Surg Pathol. 2014;38(8):e35–49.

Dragomir A, de Wit M, Johansson C, Uhlen M, Pontén F. The role of SATB2 as a diagnostic marker for tumors of colorectal origin: results of a pathology-based clinical prospective study. Am J Clin Pathol. 2014;141(5):630–8.

Chu P, Wu E, Weiss LM. Cytokeratin 7 and cytokeratin 20 expression in epithelial neoplasms: a survey of 435 cases. Mod Pathol. 2000;13(9):962–72.