Metallurgical process for valuable elements recovery from red mud—A review

Hydrometallurgy - Tập 155 - Trang 29-43 - 2015
Zhaobo Liu1,2, Hongxu Li1,2
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Rare and Precious Metals Green Recycling and Extraction, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abhilash, 2014, Extraction of lanthanum and cerium from Indian red mud, Int. J. Miner. Process., 127, 70, 10.1016/j.minpro.2013.12.009

Ablamoff, 1988, 178

Agatzini-Leonardou, 2008, Titanium leaching from red mud by diluted sulfuric acid at atmospheric pressure, J. Hazard. Mater., 157, 579, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.054

Ayres, 2001, Materials and the global environment: waste mining in the 21st century, MRS Bull., 26, 477, 10.1557/mrs2001.119

Bhatnagar, 2011, A review of the use of red mud as adsorbent for the removal of toxic pollutants from water and wastewater, Environ. Technol., 32, 231, 10.1080/09593330.2011.560615

Biswas, 1998, Solvent extraction of tetravalent titanium from chloride solution by di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid in kerosene, Hydrometallurgy, 49, 263, 10.1016/S0304-386X(98)00031-0

Borra, 2014, Leaching of rare earths from bauxite residue (red mud)

Bosecker, 1986, Bacterial metal recovery and detoxification of industrial waste

Bruckard, 2010, Smelting of bauxite residue to form a soluble sodium aluminium silicate phase to recover alumina and soda, Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. Rev., 119, 18, 10.1179/037195509X12518785461760

Cao, 2013, The phase transition in Bayer red mud from China in high caustic sodium aluminate solutions, Hydrometallurgy, 140, 111, 10.1016/j.hydromet.2013.09.009

Çengeloğlu, 2001, Recovery and concentration of Al(III), Fe(III), Ti(IV), and Na(I) from red mud, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 244, 342, 10.1006/jcis.2001.7924

Cengeloglu, 2003, Recovery and concentration of metals from red mud by Donnan dialysis, Colloids Surf. A, 223, 95, 10.1016/S0927-7757(03)00198-5

Chandra, 1996

Chen, 2005

Chi, 1993, The resource and extraction of scandium, Nonferrous Metal. Eng. Res., 14, 10

Crini, 2006, Non-conventional low-cost adsorbents for dye removal: a review, Bioresour. Technol., 97, 1061, 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.05.001

Dauvin, 2010, Towards an impact assessment of bauxite red mud waste on the knowledge of the structure and functions of bathyal ecosystems: the example of the Cassidaigne canyon (north-western Mediterranean Sea), Mar. Pollut. Bull., 60, 197, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.09.026

Deep, 2007, Extraction and separation of Ti (IV) using thiophosphinic acids and its recovery from ilmenite and red mud, Sep. Sci. Technol., 36, 671, 10.1081/SS-100102953

Du, 2011, Global in-use stocks of the rare earth elements: a first estimate, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 4096, 10.1021/es102836s

Eisele, 2014, Review of reductive leaching of iron by anaerobic bacteria, Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. Rev., 35, 75, 10.1080/08827508.2012.703627

Erçağ, 1997, Furnace smelting and extractive metallurgy of red mud: recovery of TiO2, Al2O3 and pig iron, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 70, 241, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199711)70:3<241::AID-JCTB769>3.0.CO;2-X

Florek, 2014, Nanostructured hybrid materials for the selective recovery and enrichment of rare earth elements, Adv. Funct. Mater., 24, 2668, 10.1002/adfm.201303602

Forsberg, 1983

Fulford, G.D., Lever, G. and Sato, T., 1991. Recovery of rare earth elements from Bayer process red mud. Google Patents.

Gräfe, 2011, Bauxite residue issues: III. Alkalinity and associated chemistry, Hydrometallurgy, 108, 60, 10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.02.004

Guo, 2013, Nuggets production by direct reduction of high iron red mud, J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 20, 24, 10.1016/S1006-706X(13)60092-8

Habashi, 1997, vol. 2

Hammond, 2013, CR3 communication: red mud—a resource or a waste?, JOM, 65, 340, 10.1007/s11837-013-0560-0

Hubicki, 1990, Studies on selective separation of Sc(III) from rare earth elements on selective ion-exchangers, Hydrometallurgy, 23, 319, 10.1016/0304-386X(90)90013-R

Islam, 1981, The solvent extraction of Ti (IV), Fe (III) and Mn (II) from acidic sulphate-acetato medium with bis-(2-ethyl hexyl) phosphoric acid in benzene, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 43, 1929, 10.1016/0022-1902(81)80413-7

Jamieson, 2006, Magnetic separation of Red Sand to produce value, Miner. Eng., 19, 1603, 10.1016/j.mineng.2006.08.002

Janković, 2013, Thermal characterization and kinetic analysis of non-isothermal decomposition process of bauxite red mud. Estimation of density distribution function of the apparent activation energy, Int. J. Miner. Process., 123, 46, 10.1016/j.minpro.2013.05.003

Jayasankar, 2012, Production of pig iron from red mud waste fines using thermal plasma technology, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 19, 679, 10.1007/s12613-012-0613-3

Jones, 2006, Carbon capture and the aluminium industry: preliminary studies, Environ. Chem., 3, 297, 10.1071/EN06018

Kainuma, A., 1981. Method of creating landfill from red mud. Google Patents.

Kasai, 1994, Enrichment of titanium and zirconium from red mud by sulfuric acid leaching and alkali fusion, J. Min. Mater. Process. Inst. Jpn., 110, 987

Kasliwal, 1999, Enrichment of titanium dioxide in red mud: a kinetic study, Hydrometallurgy, 53, 73, 10.1016/S0304-386X(99)00034-1

Klauber, 2011, Bauxite residue issues: II. Options for residue utilization, Hydrometallurgy, 108, 11, 10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.02.007

Kumar, 1998, Utilization of iron values of red mud for metallurgical applications, Environ. Waste Manag., 108

Laguna, 2011, Bioreduction of iron compounds as a possible clean environmental alternative for metal recovery, Miner. Eng., 24, 10, 10.1016/j.mineng.2010.08.026

Li, 2005

Li, 2009, Recovery of alumina and ferric oxide from Bayer red mud rich in iron by reduction sintering, Trans. Nonferrous Metal. Soc., 19, 1342, 10.1016/S1003-6326(08)60447-1

Li, 2011, Feasibility study of iron mineral separation from red mud by high gradient superconducting magnetic separation, Physica C, 471, 91, 10.1016/j.physc.2010.12.003

Liu, 1997, Treatment and utilization of red mud derived from Bayer process, Chin. J. Nonferrous Metal., 7, 40

Liu, 2007, Characterization of red mud derived from a combined Bayer process and bauxite calcination method, J. Hazard. Mater., 146, 255, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.015

Liu, 2009, Application of Bayer red mud for iron recovery and building material production from alumosilicate residues, J. Hazard. Mater., 161, 474, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.03.122

Liu, 2009, Review on treatment and utilization of bauxite residues in China, Int. J. Miner. Process., 93, 220, 10.1016/j.minpro.2009.08.005

Liu, 2012, Experimental and simulative study on phase transformation in Bayer red mud soda-lime roasting system and recovery of Al, Na and Fe, Miner. Eng., 39, 213, 10.1016/j.mineng.2012.05.021

Liu, 2014, Influence of Al2O3 content on microstructure and properties of different binary basicity slag glass ceramics, Adv. Appl. Ceram., 113, 394, 10.1179/1743676114Y.0000000192

Lu, 2008, Research progress in gallium recovery technology, Nonferrous Metal., 60, 105

Manfroi, 2014, Microstructure, mineralogy and environmental evaluation of cementitious composites produced with red mud waste, Constr. Build. Mater., 67, 29, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.10.031

Mehta, 1951, Recovery of titania from the bauxite sludge, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 73, 226, 10.1021/ja01145a076

Moskalyk, 2003, Processing of vanadium: a review, Miner. Eng., 16, 793, 10.1016/S0892-6875(03)00213-9

Mouchos, 2015

Mukherjee, 1990, Recovery of pure vanadium oxide from Bayer sludge, Miner. Eng., 3, 345, 10.1016/0892-6875(90)90129-Y

Newson, 2006, Effect of structure on the geotechnical properties of bauxite residue, J. Geotech. Geoenviron., 132, 143, 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:2(143)

Ochsenkühn-Petropoulou, 2002, Pilot-plant investigation of the leaching process for the recovery of scandium from red mud, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 41, 5794, 10.1021/ie011047b

Ochsenkühn-Petropulu, 1994, Direct determination of lanthanides, yttrium and scandium in bauxites and red mud from alumina production, Anal. Chim. Acta, 296, 305, 10.1016/0003-2670(94)80250-5

Ochsenkühn-Petropulu, 1995, Selective separation and determination of scandium from yttrium and lanthanides in red mud by a combined ion exchange/solvent extraction method, Anal. Chim. Acta, 315, 231, 10.1016/0003-2670(95)00309-N

Ochsenkühn-Petropulu, 1996, Recovery of lanthanides and yttrium from red mud by selective leaching, Anal. Chim. Acta, 319, 249, 10.1016/0003-2670(95)00486-6

Ohara, 2001, Magnetic separation using superconducting magnets, Physica C, 357–360, 1272, 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00530-5

Papassiopi, 2010, Effectiveness of iron reducing bacteria for the removal of iron from bauxite ores, Miner. Eng., 23, 25, 10.1016/j.mineng.2009.09.005

Paramguru, 2005, Trends in red mud utilization—a review, Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. Rev., 26, 1, 10.1080/08827500490477603

Pelino, 1994, Crystallization of glasses obtained by recycling goethite industrial wastes to produce glass-ceramic materials, J. Mater. Sci., 29, 2087, 10.1007/BF01154684

Peng, X. and Huang, G., 2011. Method for recovering iron concentrates from alumina red mud. Google Patents, China.

Piga, 1993, Recovering metals from red mud generated during alumina production, JOM, 45, 54, 10.1007/BF03222490

Połedniok, 2008, Speciation of scandium and gallium in soil, Chemosphere, 73, 572, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.012

Pratt, 1982, Hydrogenation of a model hydrogen-donor system using activated red mud catalyst, Fuel, 61, 460, 10.1016/0016-2361(82)90072-2

Puskas, F., 1983. Process for the utilization in the ceramics industry of red mud from alumina plants. Google Patents

Qiu, 1996, Influence of additives on slag-iron separation during direct reduction of coal-base high-iron-content red mud, Trans. Nonferrous Metal. Soc., 6, 1

Qiusheng, 2008, Alumina recovery from red mud with high iron by sintering process, J. Cent. South Univ. Sci. Technol., 39, 92

Qu, 2013, Bioleaching of rare earth and radioactive elements from red mud using Penicillium tricolor RM-10, Bioresour. Technol., 136, 16, 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.070

Qu, 2013, Bioleaching of heavy metals from red mud using Aspergillus niger, Hydrometallurgy, 136, 71, 10.1016/j.hydromet.2013.03.006

Rao, 2013, Iron recovery from red mud by reduction roasting-magnetic separation

Raspopov, 2013, Reduction of iron oxides during the pyrometallurgical processing of red mud, Russ. Metall., 2013, 33, 10.1134/S0036029513010114

Rath, 2013, Statistical modeling studies of iron recovery from red mud using thermal plasma, Plasma Sci. Technol., 15, 459, 10.1088/1009-0630/15/5/13

Sahu, 2013, Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by acid activated red mud, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 1, 1315, 10.1016/j.jece.2013.09.027

Samouhos, 2013, Greek “red mud” residue: a study of microwave reductive roasting followed by magnetic separation for a metallic iron recovery process, J. Hazard. Mater., 254–255, 193, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.03.059

Şayan, 2000, Statistical modeling of sulfuric acid leaching of TiO2 from red mud, Hydrometallurgy, 57, 181, 10.1016/S0304-386X(00)00110-9

Sglavo, 2000, Bauxite ‘red mud’ in the ceramic industry. Part 2: production of clay-based ceramics, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 20, 245, 10.1016/S0955-2219(99)00156-9

Shaoquan, 1996, Review of the extractive metallurgy of scandium in China (1978–1991), Hydrometallurgy, 42, 337, 10.1016/0304-386X(95)00086-V

Singh, 1997, Preparation of iron rich cements using red mud, Cem. Concr. Res., 27, 1037, 10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00101-4

Smirnov, 1997, The investigation of sulphuric acid sorption recovery of scandium and uranium from the red mud of alumina production, Hydrometallurgy, 45, 249, 10.1016/S0304-386X(96)00070-9

Snars, 2009, Evaluation of bauxite residues (red muds) of different origins for environmental applications, Appl. Clay Sci., 46, 13, 10.1016/j.clay.2009.06.014

Stickney, 1970

Tsakiridis, 2004, Red mud addition in the raw meal for the production of Portland cement clinker, J. Hazard. Mater., 116, 103, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.08.002

Tsakiridis, 2011, Synthesis of TiO2 nano-powders prepared from purified sulphate leach liquor of red mud, J. Hazard. Mater., 194, 42, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.072

Uzun, 2007, Dissolution kinetics of iron and aluminium from red mud in sulphuric acid solution, Indian J. Chem. Technol., 14, 263

Vachon, 1994, Chemical and biological leaching of aluminum from red mud, Environ. Sci. Technol., 28, 26, 10.1021/es00050a005

Varnavas, 1995, Factors controlling the vertical and spatial transport of metal-rich particulate matter in seawater at the outfall of bauxitic red mud toxic waste, Sci. Total Environ., 175, 199, 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04846-4

Wagh, 1987, Occurrence of scandium and rare earth elements in Jamaican bauxite waste, Econ. Geol., 82, 757, 10.2113/gsecongeo.82.3.757

Wang, 2011, Separation and purification of scandium by solvent extraction and related technologies: a review, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 86, 1237, 10.1002/jctb.2655

Wang, 2008, Novel applications of red mud as coagulant, adsorbent and catalyst for environmentally benign processes, Chemosphere, 72, 1621, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.05.013

Wang, 2013, Recovery of scandium from synthetic red mud leach solutions by solvent extraction with D2EHPA, Sep. Purif. Technol., 108, 96, 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.02.001

Xiangong, 1996, Kinetics of the nucleation and grain growth of metallic phase in direct reduction of high-iron red mud with coal base, J. Cent. South Univ. Nat. Sci., 27, 159

Xiao, 1996, Distribution characteristics of scandium in the red mud of industrial wastes, Geol. Geochem., 82

Xiufen, 2003, Summarization of extracting scandium from red mud, Jiangxi Nonferrous Metal., 2, 009

Yang, 2008, Preparation of glass-ceramics from red mud in the aluminium industries, Ceram. Int., 34, 125, 10.1016/j.ceramint.2006.08.013

Yatsenko, 2010, Red mud pulp carbonization with scandium extraction during alumina production, Theor. Found. Chem. Eng., 44, 563, 10.1134/S0040579510040366

Yongkang, 1995, Study on coal-based direct reduction of high-iron-content red mud, Sinter. Pellet., 2, 5

Yu, 2012, Red-mud treatment using oxalic acid by UV irradiation assistance, Trans. Nonferrous Metal. Soc., 22, 456, 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61198-9

Zhang, 2011, Recovery of alumina and alkali in Bayer red mud by the formation of andradite–grossular hydrogarnet in hydrothermal process, J. Hazard. Mater., 189, 827, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.03.004

Zhao, 2012, Recovery of gallium from Bayer liquor: a review, Hydrometallurgy, 125–126, 115, 10.1016/j.hydromet.2012.06.002

Zhong, 2009, Extraction of alumina and sodium oxide from red mud by a mild hydro-chemical process, J. Hazard. Mater., 172, 1629, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.036

Zhou, 2008, Extraction of scandium from red mud by modified activated carbon and kinetics study, Rare Metals, 27, 223, 10.1016/S1001-0521(08)60119-9

Zhu, 2012, Recovery of iron from high-iron red mud by reduction roasting with adding sodium salt, J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 19, 1, 10.1016/S1006-706X(12)60131-9

Zimmer, E., Nafissi, A. and Winkhaus, G., 1978. Digestion with sulfuric acid or sulfur trioxide, Bayer process. Google Patents, America.