Oxit vanadi với cấu trúc xếp lớp từ khung hữu cơ kim loại dành cho ứng dụng pin ion natri

Kang, K.; Meng, Y. S.; Bréger, J.; Grey, C. P.; Ceder, G. Electrodes with high power and high capacity for rechargeable lithium batteries. Science 2006, 311, 977–980. Armand, M.; Tarascon, J. M. Building better batteries. Nature 2008, 451, 652–657. Tarascon, J. M.; Armand, M. Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries. Nature 2001, 414, 359–367. Goodenough, J. B.; Kim, Y. Challenges for rechargeable Li batteries. Chem. Mater. 2010, 22, 587–603. Yoshino, A. The birth of the lithium-ion battery. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 5798–5800. Fang, G. Z.; Zhou, J.; Liang, C. W.; Pan, A. Q.; Zhang, C.; Tang, Y.; Tan, X. P.; Liu, J.; Liang, S. Q. MOFs nanosheets derived porous metal oxide-coated three-dimensional substrates for lithium-ion battery applications. Nano Energy 2016, 26, 57–65. Sun, X. L.; Si, W. P.; Xi, L. X.; Liu, B.; Liu, X. J.; Yan, C. L.; Schmidt, O. G. In situ-formed, amorphous, oxygen-enabled germanium anode with robust cycle life for reversible lithium storage. ChemElectroChem 2015, 2, 737–742. Sun, X. L.; Si, W. P.; Liu, X. H.; Deng, J. W.; Xi, L. X.; Liu, L. F.; Yan, C. L.; Schmidt, O. G. Multifunctional Ni/NiO hybrid nanomembranes as anode materials for high-rate Li-ion batteries. Nano Energy 2014, 9, 168–175. Wang, J. Y.; Yang, N. L.; Tang, H. J.; Dong, Z. H.; Jin, Q.; Yang, M.; Kisailus, D.; Zhao, H. J.; Tang, Z. Y.; Wang, D. Accurate control of multishelled Co3O4 hollow microspheres as high-performance anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 6417–6420. Ren, H.; Sun, J. J.; Yu, R. B.; Yang, M.; Gu, L.; Liu, P. R.; Zhao, H. J.; Kisailus, D.; Wang, D. Controllable synthesis of mesostructures from TiO2 hollow to porous nanospheres with superior rate performance for lithium ion batteries. Chem. Sci. 2016, 7, 793–798. Du, J.; Qi, J.; Wang, D.; Tang, Z. Y. Facile synthesis of Au@TiO2 core-shell hollow spheres for dye-sensitized solar cells with remarkably improved efficiency. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 6914–6918. Qi, J.; Lai, X. Y.; Wang, J. Y.; Tang, H. J.; Ren, H.; Yang, Y.; Jin, Q.; Zhang, L. J.; Yu, R. B.; Ma, G. H. et al. Multishelled hollow micro-/nanostructures. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2015, 44, 6749–6773. Xu, S. M.; Hessel, C. M.; Ren, H.; Yu, R. B.; Jin, Q.; Yang, M.; Zhao, H. J.; Wang, D. a-Fe2O3 multi-shelled hollow microspheres for lithium ion battery anodes with superior capacity and charge retention. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 632–637. Xu G. Y.; Yuan, J. R.; Tao, X. Y.; Ding, B.; Dou, H.; Yan, X. H.; Xiao, Y.; Zhang, X. G. Absorption mechanism of carbon-nanotube paper-titanium dioxide as a multifunctional barrier material for lithium-sulfur batteries. Nano Res. 2015, 8, 3066–3074. Dong, Y. F.; Li, S.; Zhao, K. N.; Han, C. H.; Chen,W.; Wang, B. L.; Wang, L.; Xu, B. A.; Wei, Q. L.; Zhang, L. et al. Hierarchical zigzag Na1.25V3O8 nanowires with topotactically encoded superior performance for sodium-ion battery cathodes. Energy Environ. Sci. 2015, 8, 1267–1275. Ren, W. H.; Zheng, Z. P.; Xu, C.; Niu, C. J.; Wei, Q. L.; An, Q. Y.; Zhao, K. N.; Yan, M. Y.; Qin, M. S.; Mai, L. Q. Self-sacrificed synthesis of three-dimensional Na3V2(PO4)3 sanofiber setwork for high-rate sodium-ion full batteries. Nano Energy 2016, 25, 145–153. Xu, Y. N.; Wei, Q. L.; Xu, C.; Li, Q. D.; An, Q. Y.; Zhang, P. F.; Sheng, J. Z.; Zhou, L.; Mai, L. Q. Layer-by-layer Na3V2(PO4)3 embedded in reduced graphene oxide as superior rate and ultralong-life sodium-ion battery cathode. Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1600389. Zhang, Y.; Zhao, H. Y.; Du, Y. P. Symmetric full cells assembled by using self-supporting Na3V2(PO4)3 bipolar electrodes for superior sodium energy storage. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4, 7155–7159. Yuan, S.; Liu, Y. B.; Xu, D.; Ma, D. L.; Wang, S.; Yang, X. H.; Cao, Z. Y.; Zhang, X. B. Pure single-crystalline Na1.1V3O7.9 nanobelts as superior cathode materials for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries. Adv. Sci. 2015, 2, 1400018. Palomares, V.; Serras, P.; Villaluenga, I.; Hueso, K. B.; Carretero-Gonzá lez, J.; Rojo, T. Na-ion batteries, recent advances and present challenges to become low cost energy storage systems. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 5884–5901. Kim, S. W.; Seo, D. H.; Ma, X. H.; Ceder, G.; Kang, K. Electrode materials for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries: potential alternatives to current lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 2012, 2, 710–721. Ong, S. P.; Chevrier, V. L.; Hautier, G.; Jain, A.; Moore, C.; Kim, S.; Ma, X. H.; Ceder, G. Voltage, stability and diffusion barrier differences between sodium-ion and lithium-ion intercalation materials. Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 3680–3688. Xu, X.; Yu, D. M.; Zhou, H.; Zhang, L. S.; Xiao, C. H.; Guo, C. W.; Guo, S. W.; Ding, S. J. MoS2 nanosheets grown on amorphous carbon nanotubes for enhanced sodium storage. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4, 4375–4379. Cheng, F. Y.; Chen, J. Transition metal vanadium oxides and vanadate materials for lithium batteries. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 9841–9848. Wu, C. Z.; Xie, Y. Promising vanadium oxide and hydroxide nanostructures: from energy storage to energy saving. Energy Environ. Sci. 2010, 3, 1191–1206. Chernova, N. A.; Roppolo, M.; Dillon, A. C.; Whittingham, M. Stanley. Layered vanadium and molybdenum oxides: batteries and electrochromics. J. Mater. Chemistry 2009, 19, 2526–2552. Wang, Y.; Chao, G. Z. Synthesis and enhanced intercalation properties of nanostructured vanadium oxides. Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 2787–2804. Raju, V.; Rains, J.; Gates, C.; Luo, W.; Wang, X. F.; Stickle, W. F.; Stucky, G. D.; Ji, X. L. Superior cathode of sodium-ion batteries: Orthorhombic V2O5 nanoparticles generated in nanoporous carbon by ambient hydrolysis deposition. Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 4119–4124. Zhang, P. F.; Zhao, L. Z.; An, Q. Y.; Wei, Q. L.; Zhou, L.; Wei, X. J.; Sheng, J. Z.; Mai, L. Q. A high-rate V2O5 hollow microclew cathode for an all-vanadium-based lithium-ion full cell. Small 2016, 12, 1082–1090. Su, D. W.; Wang, G. X. Single-crystalline bilayered V2O5 nanobelts for high-capacity sodium–ion batteries. ACS Nano 2013, 7, 11218–11226. Xia, X. H.; Chao, D. L.; Zhang, Y. Q.; Zhan, J. Y.; Zhong, Y.; Wang, X. L.; Wang, Y. D.; Shen, Z. X.; Tu, J. P.; Fan, H. J. Generic synthesis of carbon nanotube branches on metal oxide arrays exhibiting stable high-rate and long-cycle sodium-ion storage. Small 2016, 12, 3048–3058. Niu, C. J.; Huang, M.; Wang, P. Y.; Meng, J. S.; Liu, X.; Wang, X. P.; Zhao, K. N.; Yu, Y.; Wu, Y. Z.; Lin, C. et al. Carbon-supported and nanosheet-assembled vanadium oxide microspheres for stable lithium-ion battery anodes. Nano Res. 2015, 9, 128–138. Jiang, L.; Qu, Y.; Ren, Z. Y.; Yu, P.; Zhao, D. D.; Zhou, W.; Wang, L.; Fu, H. G. In situ carbon-coated yolk-shell V2O3 microspheres for lithium-ion batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 1595–1601. Wang J. Y.; Tang, H. J.; Zhang, L. J.; Ren, H.; Yu, R. B.; Jin, Q.; Qi, J.; Mao, D.; Yang, M.; Wang, Y. et al. Multishelled metal oxides prepared via an anion-adsorption mechanism for lithium-ion batteries. Nat. Energy 2016, 1, 16050. Chao, D. L.; Xia, X. H.; Liu, J. L.; Fan, Z. X.; Ng, C. F.; Lin, J. Y.; Zhang, H.; Shen, Z. X.; Fan, H. J. A V2O5/ conductive-polymer core/shell nanobelt array on threedimensional graphite foam: a high-rate, ultrastable, and freestanding cathode for lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 5794–5800. Zhai, T. Y.; Liu, H. M.; Li, H. Q.; Fang, X. S.; Liao, M. Y.; Li, L.; Zhou, H. S.; Koide, Y.; Bando, Y.; Golberg, D. Centimeter-long V2O5 nanowires: From synthesis to fieldemission, electrochemical, electrical transport, and photoconductive properties. Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 2547–2552. Li, Y. W.; Yao, J. H.; Uchaker, E.; Yang, J. W.; Huang, Y. X.; Zhang, M.; Cao, G. Z. Leaf-like V2O5 nanosheets fabricated by a facile green approach as high energy cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 2013, 3, 1171–1175. Wu, H. B.; Pan, A. Q.; Hng, H. H.; Lou, X. W. Templateassisted formation of rattle-type V2O5 hollow microspheres with enhanced lithium storage properties. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2013, 23, 5669–5674. Pan, A. Q.; Wu, H. B.; Yu, L.; Lou, X. W. Template-free synthesis of VO2 hollow microspheres with various interiors and their conversion into V2O5 for lithium-ion batteries. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2013, 125, 2282–2286. Parija, A.; Liang, Y. F.; Andrews, J. L.; De Jesus, L. R.; Prendergast, D.; Banerjee, S. Topochemically de-intercalated phases of V2O5 as cathode materials for multivalent intercalation batteries: A first-principles evaluation. Chem. Mater. 2016, 28, 5611–5620 Xu, H. T.; Chen, J. D.; Zhang, H. J.; Zhang, Y.; Li, W. X.; Wang, Y. Fabricating SiO2-coated V2O5 nanoflake arrays for high-performance lithium-ion batteries with enhanced cycling capability. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4, 4098–4106. An, Q. Y.; Zhang, P. F.; Wei, Q. L.; He, L.; Xiong, F. Y.; Sheng, J. Z.; Wang, Q. Q.; Mai, L. Q. Top-down fabrication of three-dimensional porous V2O5 hierarchical microplates with tunable porosity for improved lithium battery performance. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 3297–3302. Su, D. W.; Dou, S. X.; Wang, G. X. Hierarchical orthorhombic V2O5 hollow nanospheres as high performance cathode materials for sodium-ion bbatteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 11185–11194. Mai, L. Q.; Dong, F.; Xu, X.; Luo, Y. Z.; An, Q. Y.; Zhao, Y. L.; Pan, J.; Yang, J. N. Cucumber-like V2O5/poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)&MnO2 nanowires with enhanced electrochemical cyclability. Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 740–745. Shi, Y.; Zhang, Z. J.; Wexler, D.; Chou, S. L.; Gao, J.; Abruñ a, H. D.; Li, H. J.; Liu, H. K.; Wu, Y. P.; Wang, J. Z. Facile synthesis of porous V2O3/C composites as lithium storage material with enhanced capacity and good rate capability. J. Power Sources 2015, 275, 392–398. Jiang, H.; Jia, G. Q.; Hu, Y. J.; Cheng, Q. L.; Fu, Y.; Li, C. Z. Ultrafine V2O3 nanowire embedded in carbon hybrids with enhanced lithium storage capability. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2015, 54, 2960–2965. Li, H. Y.; Jiao, K.; Wang, L.; Wei, C.; Li, X. L.; Xie, B. Micelle anchored in situ synthesis of V2O3 nanoflakes@C composites for supercapacitors. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 18806–18815. Zhang, Y. F.; Fan, M. J.; Hu, L.; Wu, W. B.; Zhang, J. C.; Liu, X. H.; Zhong, Y. L.; Huang, C. Fabrication of V2O3/C core-shell structured composite and vc nanobelts by the thermal treatment of VO2/C composite. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2012, 258, 9650–9655. Wang, Y.; Zhang, H. J.; Admar, A. S.; Luo, J. Z.; Wong, C. C.; Borgna, A.; Lin, J. Y. Improved cyclability of lithium-ion battery anode using encapsulated V2O3 nanostructures in well-graphitized carbon fiber. RSC Adv. 2012, 2, 5748–5753. Sun, Y. F.; Jiang, S. S.; Bi, W. T.; Wu, C. Z.; Xie, Y. Highly ordered lamellar V2O3-based hybrid nanorods towards superior aqueous lithium-ion battery performance. J. Power Sources 2011, 196, 8644–8650. Wu, C. Z.; Feng, F.; Xie, Y. Design of vanadium oxide structures with controllable electrical properties for energy applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013, 42, 5157–5183. Taylor, J. W.; Smith, T. J.; Andersen, K. H.; Capellmann, H.; Kremer, R. K.; Simon, A.; Schä rpf, O.; Neumann, K. U.; Ziebeck, K. R. A. Spin-spin correlations in the insulating and metallic phases of the mott system V2O3. Eur. Phys. J. B 1999, 12, 199–207. Xu, Y. N.; Chung, S. Y.; Bloking, J. T.; Chiang, Y. M.; Ching, W. Y. Electronic structure and electrical conductivity of undoped LiFePO4. Electrochem. Solid State Lett. 2004, 7, A131–A134. Shi, S. Q.; Liu, L. J.; Ouyang, C. Y.; Wang, D. S.; Wang, Z. X.; Chen, L. Q.; Huang, X. J. Enhancement of electronic conductivity of LiFePO4 by Cr doping and its identification by first-principles calculations. Phys. Rev. B 2003, 68, 195108. Xu, J.; Chen, G. Effects of doping on the electronic properties of LiFePO4: A first-principles investigation. Phys. B Condens. Matter 2010, 405, 803–807. Zhou, F.; Kang, K.; Maxisch, T.; Ceder, G.; Morgan, D. The electronic structure and band gap of LiFePO4 and LiMnPO4. Solid State Commun. 2004, 132, 181–186. Zheng, C. M.; Zhang, X. M.; He, S.; Fu, Q.; Lei, D. M. Preparation and characterization of spherical V2O3 nanopowder. J. Solid State Chem. 2003, 170, 221–226. Müller, C.; Nateprov, A. A.; Obermeier, G.; Klemm, M.; Tidecks, R.; Wixforth, A.; Horn S. Surface acoustic wave investigations of the metal-to-insulator transition of V2O3 thin films on lithium niobate. J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 98, 084111. Liu, N.; Yao, Y.; Cha, J. J.; McDowell, M. T.; Han, Y.; Cui, Y. Functionalization of silicon nanowire surfaces with metal-organic frameworks. Nano Res. 2012, 5, 109–116. Deng, H. X.; Grunder, S.; Cordova, K. E.; Valente, C.; Furukawa, H.; Hmadeh, M.; Gá ndara, F.; Whalley, A. C.; Liu, Z.; Asahina, S. et al. Large-pore apertures in a series of metal-organic frameworks. Science 2012, 336, 1018–1023. Hayashi, H.; Côté, A. P.; Furukawa, H.; O’Keeffe, M.; Yaghi, O. M. Zeolite a imidazolate frameworks. Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 501–506. Lu, W. G.; Wei, Z. W.; Gu, Z. Y.; Liu, T. F.; Park, J.; Park, J.; Tian, J.; Zhang, M. W.; Zhang, Q.; Gentle III, T. et al. Tuning the structure and function of metal-organic frameworks via linker design. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 5561–5593. Stock, N.; Biswas, S. Synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): Routes to various MOF topologies, morphologies, and composites. Chem. Rev. 2012, 112, 933–969. Xu, G. Y.; Ding, B.; Shen, L. F.; Nie, P.; Han, J. P.; Zhang, X. G. Sulfur embedded in metal organic framework-derived hierarchically porous carbon nanoplates for high performance lithium-sulfur battery. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 4490–4496. Zhang, L.; Wu, H. B.; Lou, X. W. Metal-organicframeworks- derived general formation of hollow structures with high complexity. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 10664–10672. Yu, X. Y.; Yu, L.; Wu, H. B.; Lou, X. W. Formation of nickel sulfide nanoframes from metal-organic frameworks with enhanced pseudocapacitive and electrocatalytic properties. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 5331–5335. Guo, W. X.; Sun, W. W.; Wang, Y. Multilayer CuO@NiO hollow spheres: Microwave-assisted metal-organic-framework derivation and highly reversible structure-matched stepwise lithium storage. ACS Nano 2015, 9, 11462–11471. Huang, G.; Zhang, F. F.; Du, X. C.; Qin, Y. L.; Yin, D. M.; Wang, L. M. Metal organic frameworks route to in situ insertion of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in Co3O4 polyhedra as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Nano 2015, 9, 1592–1599. Cao, X. H.; Zheng, B.; Shi, W. H.; Yang, J.; Fan, Z. X.; Luo, Z. M.; Rui, X. H.; Chen, B.; Yan, Q. Y.; Zhang, H. Reduced graphene oxide-wrapped MoO3 composites prepared by using metal-organic frameworks as precursor for allsolid- state flexible supercapacitors. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 4695–4701. Zheng, J. M.; Tian, J.; Wu, D. X.; Gu, M.; Xu, W.; Wang, C. M.; Gao, F.; Engelhard, M. H.; Zhang, J. G.; Liu, J. et al. Lewis acid–base interactions between polysulfides and metal organic framework in lithium sulfur batteries. Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 2345–2352. Wu, R. B.; Qian, X. K.; Rui, X. H.; Liu, H.; Yadian, B. L.; Zhou, K.; Wei, J.; Yan, Q. Y.; Feng, X. Q.; Long, Y. et al. Zeolitic imidazolate framework 67-derived high symmetric porous Co3O4 hollow dodecahedra with highly enhanced lithium storage capability. Small 2014, 10, 1932–1938. Zhang, L.; Wu, H. B.; Madhavi, S.; Hng, H. H.; Lou, X. W. Formation of Fe2O3 microboxes with hierarchical shell structures from metal-organic frameworks and their lithium storage properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 17388–17391. Wu, R. B.; Qian, X. K.; Yu, F.; Liu, H.; Zhou, K.; Wei, J.; Huang, Y. Z. MOF-templated formation of porous CuO hollow octahedra for lithium-ion battery anode materials. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 11126–11129. Zhang, Y. Z.; Wang, Y.; Xie, Y. L.; Cheng, T.; Lai, W. Y.; Pang, H.; Huang, W. Porous hollow Co3O4 with rhombic dodecahedral structures for high-performance supercapacitors. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 14354–14359. Ullah, S.; Khan, I. A.; Choucair, M.; Badshah, A.; Khan, I.; Nadeem, M. A. A novel Cr2O3-carbon composite as a high performance pseudo-capacitor electrode material. Electrochim. Acta 2015, 171, 142–149. Qu, B. H.; Ma, C. Z.; Ji, G.; Xu, C. H.; Xu, J.; Meng, Y. S.; Wang, T. H.; Lee, J. Y. Layered SnS2-reduced graphene oxide composite-a high-capacity, high-rate, and long-cycle life sodium-ion battery anode material. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 3854–3859. Zhang, Y. D.; Zhu, P. Y.; Huang, L. L.; Xie, J.; Zhang, S. C.; Cao, G. S.; Zhao, X. B. Few-layered SnS2 on few-layered reduced graphene oxide as Na-ion battery anode with ultralong cycle life and superior rate capability. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015, 25, 481–489. Lu, Y. Y.; Zhao, Q., Zhang, N.; Lei, K. X.; Li, F. J.; Chen, J. Facile spraying synthesis and high-performance sodium storage of mesoporous MoS2/C microspheres. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 911–918. Xu, D. F.; Chen, C. J.; Xie, J.; Zhang, B.; Miao, L.; Cai, J.; Huang, Y. H.; Zhang, L. N. A hierarchical N/S-codoped carbon anode fabricated facilely from cellulose/polyaniline microspheres for high-performance sodium-ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1501929. Carson, F.; Su, J.; Platero-Prats, A. E.; Wan, W.; Yun, Y. F.; Samain, L.; Zou, X. D. Framework isomerism in vanadium metal-organic frameworks: MIL-88B(V) and MIL-101(V). Cryst. Growth Des. 2013, 13, 5036–5044. Jiang, Y.; Yang, Z. Z.; Li, W. H.; Zeng, L. C.; Pan, F. S.; Wang, M.; Wei, X.; Hu, G. T.; Gu, L.; Yu, Y. Nanoconfined carbon-coated Na3V2(PO4)3 particles in mesoporous carbon enabling ultralong cycle life for sodium-ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 2015, 5, 1402104. Li, Q. D.; Wei, Q. L.; Sheng, J. Z.; Yan, M. Y.; Zhou, L.; Luo, W.; Sun, R. M.; Mai, L. Q. Mesoporous Li3VO4/C submicron-ellipsoids supported on reduced graphene oxide as practical anode for high-power lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Sci. 2015, 2, 1500284. Moulder, J. F.; Stickle, W. F.; Sobol, P. E.; Bomben, K. D. Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy; Chastain, J.; King, R. C. Jr, Eds.; Perkin–Elmer Corporation: Eden Prairie, MN,USA, 1992. Tang, W.; Peng, C. X.; Nai, C. T.; Su, J.; Liu, Y. P.; Reddy, M. V. V.; Lin, M.; Loh, K. P. Ultrahigh capacity due to multi-electron conversion reaction in reduced graphene oxide-wrapped MoO2 porous nanobelts. Small 2015, 11, 2446–2453. Zhang, Y. F.; Fan, M. J.; Liu, X. H.; Huang, C.; Li, H. B. Beltlike V2O3@C core-shell-structured composite: design, preparation, characterization, phase transition, and improvement of electrochemical properties of V2O3. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2012, 2012, 1650–1659. Jiang, H.; Ren, D. Y.; Wang, H. F.; Hu, Y. J.; Guo, S. J.; Yuan, H. Y.; Hu, P. J.; Zhang, L.; Li, C. Z. 2D monolayer MoS2-carbon interoverlapped superstructure: Engineering ideal atomic interface for lithium ion storage. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 3687–3695. Xie, X. Q.; Ao, Z. M.; Su, D. W.; Zhang, J. Q.; Wang, G. X. MoS2/graphene composite anodes with enhanced performance for sodium-ion batteries: The role of the two-dimensional heterointerface. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015, 2, 1393–1403. Zhang, Y. F.; Pan, A. Q.; Wang, Y. P.; Wei, W. F.; Su, Y. H.; Hu, J. M.; Cao, G. Z.; Liang, S. Q. Dodecahedron-shaped porous vanadium oxide and carbon composite for high-rate lithium ion batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 17303–17311. Zhang, W.; Wu, Z. Y.; Jiang, H. L.; Yu, S. H. nanowiredirected templating synthesis of metal-organic framework nanofibers and their derived porous doped carbon nanofibers for enhanced electrocatalysis. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 14385–14388. Tang, J.; Salunkhe, R. R.; Liu, J.; Torad, N. L.; Imura, M.; Furukawa, S.; Yamauchi, Y. Thermal conversion of core-shell metal-organic frameworks: A new method for selectively functionalized nanoporous hybrid carbon. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 1572–1580. Chen, Y. Z.; Wang, C. M.; Wu, Z. Y.; Xiong, Y. J.; Xu, Q.; Yu, S. H.; Jiang, H. L. From bimetallic metal-organic framework to porous carbon: high surface area and multicomponent active dopants for excellent electrocatalysis. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 5010–5016. Enjalbert, R.; Galy, J. A refinement of the structure of V2O5. Acta Crystallogr. C 1986, 42, 1467–1469. Xiao, J.; Wang, X. J.; Yang, X. Q.; Xun, S. D.; Liu, G.; Koech, P. K.; Liu, J.; Lemmon, J. P. Electrochemically induced high capacity displacement reaction of PEO/MoS2/graphene nanocomposites with lithium. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2011, 21, 2840–2846. Li, D. D.; Zhang, L.; Chen, H. B.; Wang, J.; Ding, L. X.; Wang, S. Q.; Ashman, P. J.; Wang, H. H. Graphene-based nitrogen-doped carbon sandwich nanosheets: A new capacitive process controlled anode material for high-performance sodium-ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4, 8630–8635. Kresse, G.; Furthmüller, J. Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. Phys. Rev. B 1996, 54, 11169–11186. Perdew, J. P.; Chevary, J. A.; Vosko, S. H.; Jackson, K. A.; Pederson, M. R.; Singh, D. J.; Fiolhais, C. Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation. Phys. Rev. B 1992, 46, 6671–6687. Blöchl, P. E.; Parrinello, M. Adiabaticity in first-principles molecular dynamics. Phys. Rev. B 1992, 45, 9413–9416. Perdew, J. P.; Burke, K.; Ernzerhof, M. Generalized gradient approximation made simple. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1996, 77, 3865–3868. Methfessel, M.; Paxton, A. T. High-precision sampling for brillouin-zone integration in metals. Phys. Rev. B 1989, 40, 3616–3621. Monkhorst, H. J.; Pack, J. D. Special points for brillouinzone integrations. Phys. Rev. B 1976, 13, 5188–5192. Liao, Y. H.; Park, K. S.; Xiao, P. H.; Henkelman, G.; Li, W. S.; Goodenough, J. B. Sodium intercalation behavior of layered NaxNbS2 (0 = x = 1). Chem. Mater. 2013, 25, 1699–1705. Hu, J. P.; Xu, B.; Yang, S. A.; Guan, S.; Ouyang, C. Y.; Yao, Y. G. 2D electrides as promising anode materials for Na-ion batteries from first-principles study. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 24016–24022. Tang, W.; Sanville, E.; Henkelman, G. A grid-based bader analysis algorithm without lattice Bias. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 2009, 21, 084204.