Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial Agents: An Overview
Tóm tắt
Metal-based nanoparticles have been extensively investigated for a set of biomedical applications. According to the World Health Organization, in addition to their reduced size and selectivity for bacteria, metal-based nanoparticles have also proved to be effective against pathogens listed as a priority. Metal-based nanoparticles are known to have non-specific bacterial toxicity mechanisms (they do not bind to a specific receptor in the bacterial cell) which not only makes the development of resistance by bacteria difficult, but also broadens the spectrum of antibacterial activity. As a result, a large majority of metal-based nanoparticles efficacy studies performed so far have shown promising results in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this review has been a comprehensive discussion of the state of the art on the use of the most relevant types of metal nanoparticles employed as antimicrobial agents. A special emphasis to silver nanoparticles is given, while others (e.g., gold, zinc oxide, copper, and copper oxide nanoparticles) commonly used in antibiotherapy are also reviewed. The novelty of this review relies on the comparative discussion of the different types of metal nanoparticles, their production methods, physicochemical characterization, and pharmacokinetics together with the toxicological risk encountered with the use of different types of nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents. Their added-value in the development of alternative, more effective antibiotics against multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria has been highlighted.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Organ. GWH (2017). Antibacterial Agents in Clinical Development: An Analysis of the Antibacterial Clinical Development Pipeline, Including Tuberculosis, WHO. WHO/EMP/IAU/2017.122017.
Coates, 2011, Novel classes of antibiotics or more of the same?, Br. J. Pharmacol., 163, 184, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01250.x
Aslam, 2018, Antibiotic resistance: A rundown of a global crisis, Infect. Drug Resist., 11, 1645, 10.2147/IDR.S173867
IACG (2016). No time to wait: Infections from drug-resistant securing the future. Artforum. Int., 54, 113–114.
Munita, 2016, Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance, Microbiol. Spectr., 2, 1
Dugassa, 2017, Antibiotic resistance and its mechanism of Development, J. Heal. Med. Nurs., 1, 1
Power, 2006, Impact of antibiotic restrictions: The pharmaceutical perspective, Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 12, 25, 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01528.x
Fernandes, 2017, Antibiotics in late clinical development, Biochem. Pharmacol., 133, 152, 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.09.025
(2017). Global Priority List of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria to Guide Research, Discovery, and Development of New Antibiotics, WHO.
Ardal, C., Findlay, D., Savic, M., Carmeli, Y., Gyssens, I., Laxminarayan, R., Outterson, K., and Rex, J. (2018). Revitalizing the antibiotic pipeline: Stimulating innovation while driving sustainable use and global access. Drive-Ab Rep., in production.
Slavin, 2017, Metal nanoparticles: Understanding the mechanisms behind antibacterial activity, J. Nanobiotechnol., 15, 1, 10.1186/s12951-017-0308-z
Wang, 2017, The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles: Present situation and prospects for the future, Int. J. Nanomed., 12, 1227, 10.2147/IJN.S121956
Stensberg, 2011, Toxicological studies on si Sepúlveda, Toxicological studies on silver nanoparticles: Challenges and opportunities in assessment, monitoring and imaging, Nanomedicine, 6, 879, 10.2217/nnm.11.78
Yuan, 2018, Metal Nanoparticles for Diagnosis and Therapy of Bacterial Infection, Adv. Healthc. Mater., 7, 1, 10.1002/adhm.201701392
Heiligtag, 2013, The fascinating world of nanoparticle research, Mater. Today, 16, 262, 10.1016/j.mattod.2013.07.004
Kandi, 2015, Antimicrobial properties of nanomolecules: Potential candidates as antibiotics in the era of multi-drug resistance, Epidemiol. Health, 37, e2015020, 10.4178/epih/e2015020
Iravani, 2014, Synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Chemical, physical and biological methods, Res. Pharm. Sci., 9, 385
Wang, 2004, Bottom-Up and Top-Down Approaches to the Synthesis of Monodispersed Spherical Colloids of Low Melting-Point Metals, Nano Lett., 4, 2047, 10.1021/nl048689j
Watt, 2013, How to control the shape of metal nanostructures in organic solution phase synthesis for plasmonics and catalysis, Nano Today, 8, 198, 10.1016/j.nantod.2013.03.001
Kashiwagi, 2006, Facile size-regulated synthesis of silver nanoparticles by controlled thermolysis of silver alkylcarboxylates in the presence of alkylamines with different chain lengths, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 300, 169, 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.03.041
Tan, 2013, Advances of Ag, Cu, and Ag-Cu alloy nanoparticles synthesized via chemical reduction route, J. Nanopart. Res., 15, 1537, 10.1007/s11051-013-1537-1
Liu, 2006, Enhancement of thermal conductivity with Cu for nanofluids using chemical reduction method, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 49, 3028, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2006.02.012
Kobayashi, 2011, Gold nanostructures using tobacco mosaic viruses for optical metamaterials, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 8070, 80700C
Kannan, 2011, Biogenesis of nanoparticles—A current perspective, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., 27, 99
Ma, 2004, Synthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles by a Novel Electrochemical Method, ChemPhysChem, 5, 68, 10.1002/cphc.200300900
Ambrusi, 2014, Electrochemical synthesis of Cd–Ag bimetallic particles and the involved alloy formation, J. Electroanal. Chem., 728, 130, 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.06.022
Ilias, 2013, Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of palladium nanostructures, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 431, 012003, 10.1088/1742-6596/431/1/012003
Okitsu, K. (2001). Sonochemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Theor. Exp. Sonochem. Involv. Inorg. Syst., 131–150.
Chadha, 2014, Reduction and aggregation of silver ions in aqueous citrate solutions, Mater. Sci. Eng. C., 38, 92, 10.1016/j.msec.2014.01.041
Yamamoto, 2013, Radiation-induced synthesis of metal nanoparticles in ethers THF and PGMEA, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 91, 148, 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.05.019
Tung, 2012, Shape-controlled synthesis of silver nanocrystals by X-ray irradiation for inkjet printing, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 4, 5930, 10.1021/am3015718
Cuba, 2010, Radiation formation of colloidal silver particles in aqueous systems, Appl. Radiat. Isot., 68, 676, 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.11.074
Wani, 2011, Silver nanoparticles: Ultrasonic wave assisted synthesis, optical characterization and surface area studies, Mater. Lett., 65, 520, 10.1016/j.matlet.2010.11.003
Nadagouda, 2011, Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanostructures, Acc. Chem. Res., 44, 469, 10.1021/ar1001457
Larosa, 2012, Cobalt cementation in an ethanol–water system: Kinetics and morphology of metal aggregates, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 51, 16564, 10.1021/ie300918y
Reverberi, 2016, Systematical analysis of chemical methods in metal nanoparticles synthesis, Theor. Found. Chem. Eng., 50, 59, 10.1134/S0040579516010127
Sharma, 2016, Synthesis and preliminary therapeutic evaluation of copper nanoparticles against diabetes mellitus and -induced micro- (renal) and macro-vascular (vascular endothelial and cardiovascular) abnormalities in rats, RSC Adv., 6, 36870, 10.1039/C6RA03890E
Shah, 2015, Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles via Biological Entities, Materials, 8, 7278, 10.3390/ma8115377
Zohri, 2018, Extracellular mycosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using Trichoderma hamatum: Optimization, characterization and antimicrobial activity, Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 67, 465, 10.1111/lam.13055
Nagalingam, 2018, Biosynthesis, characterization, and evaluation of bioactivities of leaf extract-mediated biocompatible gold nanoparticles from Alternanthera bettzickiana, Biotechnol. Rep., 19, e00268, 10.1016/j.btre.2018.e00268
Li, 2016, Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles by the extreme bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans and an evaluation of their antibacterial properties, Int. J. Nanomed., 11, 5931, 10.2147/IJN.S119618
Baker, 2015, Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles by Pseudomonas veronii AS41G inhabiting Annona squamosa L., Spectrochim. Acta, 150, 691, 10.1016/j.saa.2015.05.080
Singh, 2014, Extracellular facile biosynthesis, characterization and stability of gold nanoparticles by Bacillus licheniformis, Artif. Cells Nanomed. Biotechnol., 42, 6, 10.3109/21691401.2012.759122
Balagurunathan, 2011, Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles by actinomycete streptomyces viridogens strain HM10, Indian J. Biochem. Biophys., 48, 331
Parthiban, 2012, Biosynthesis of antibacterial gold nanoparticles using brown alga, Stoechospermum marginatum (kützing), Spectrochim. Acta, 99, 166, 10.1016/j.saa.2012.08.081
Thakker, 2013, Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense JT1, a Plant Pathogenic Fungus, ISRN Biotechnol., 2013, 515091, 10.5402/2013/515091
Lv, 2018, Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using Shewanella loihica PV-4 with antibacterial activity: Novel approach and mechanisms investigation, J. Hazard. Mater., 347, 141, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.070
Shoeibi, 2017, Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles using Enterococcus faecalis and evaluation of their antibacterial activities, J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol., 39, 135, 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.09.003
Vijayakumar, 2018, Biosynthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles from leaf extract of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.), Microb. Pathog., 116, 44, 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.01.003
Rajabi, 2017, Microwave assisted extraction as an efficient approach for biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and biological properties, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 78, 1109, 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.090
Moghaddam, A.B., Moniri, M., Azizi, S., Rahim, R.A., Ariff, A.B., Saad, W.Z., Namvar, F., and Navaderi, M. (2017). Biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles by a new Pichia kudriavzevii yeast strain and evaluation of their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Molecules, 22.
Sharma, 2016, Biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Jacaranda mimosifolia flowers extract: Synergistic antibacterial activity and molecular simulated facet specific adsorption studies, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol., 162, 199, 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.06.043
Gu, 2018, Ultrasound-assisted biosynthesis of CuO-NPs using brown alga Cystoseira trinodis: Characterization, photocatalytic AOP, DPPH scavenging and antibacterial investigations, Ultrason. Sonochem., 41, 109, 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.09.006
Basiuk, V.A., and Basiuk, E.V. (2015). Green Processes for Nanotechnology, Springer International Publishing. From Inorganic to Bioinspiring Nanomaterials.
Castro, 2014, Process, mechanism and applications of metal nanoparticles prepared by bio-mediated process, Rev. Adv. Sci. Eng., 3, 199, 10.1166/rase.2014.1064
Chen, 2008, Nanosilver: A nanoproduct in medical application, Toxicol. Lett., 176, 1, 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.10.004
Aderibigbe, B.A. (2017). Metal-Based Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases. Molecules, 22.
Zhang, X.F., Liu, Z.G., Shen, W., and Gurunathan, S. (2016). Silver nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, properties, applications, and therapeutic approaches. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17.
Singh, 2015, Synthesis and optical properties of silver nanoparticles and arrays, AIP Conf. Proc., 1670, 1221
Hamouda, 2019, Synthesis and biological characterization of silver nanoparticles derived from the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria limnetica, Sci. Rep., 9, 1, 10.1038/s41598-019-49444-y
Dakal, 2016, Mechanistic basis of antimicrobial actions of silver nanoparticles, Front. Microbiol., 7, 1831, 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01831
Solomon, 2007, Synthesis and study of silver nanoparticles, J. Chem. Educ., 84, 322, 10.1021/ed084p322
Kumar, 2018, High conversion synthesis of <10 nm starch-stabilized silver nanoparticles using microwave technology, Sci. Rep., 8, 1
Ho, 2012, Conventional and microwave-assisted synthesis of hyperbranched and highly branched polylysine towards amphiphilic core-shell nanocontainers for metal nanoparticles, Polymer, 53, 4623, 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.08.032
Cao, H. (2017). Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Devices: Biocompatibility and Toxicity, CRC Press.
Javaid, 2018, Diversity of Bacterial Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles, Bionanoscience, 8, 43, 10.1007/s12668-017-0496-x
Haefeli, 1984, Plasmid-determined silver resistance in Pseudomonas stutzeri isolated from a silver mine, J. Bacteriol., 158, 389, 10.1128/jb.158.1.389-392.1984
Gan, 2018, Characterization and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles by a halotolerant B. endophyticus, Prep. Biochem. Biotechnol., 48, 582, 10.1080/10826068.2018.1476880
Jang, 2018, Improved biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using keratinase from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia R13: Reaction optimization, structural characterization, and biomedical activity, Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng., 41, 381, 10.1007/s00449-017-1873-0
Elsayed, 2018, Optimization of silver nanoparticles biosynthesis mediated by Aspergillus niger NRC1731 through application of statistical methods: Enhancement and characterization, 3 Biotech., 8, 132, 10.1007/s13205-018-1158-6
Zhao, 2018, Fungal silver nanoparticles: Synthesis, application and challenges, Crit. Rev. Biotechnol., 38, 817, 10.1080/07388551.2017.1414141
Ahmed, 2016, A review on plants extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications: A green expertise, J. Adv. Res., 7, 17, 10.1016/j.jare.2015.02.007
Logeswari, 2015, Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plants extract and analysis of their antimicrobial property, J. Saudi Chem. Soc., 19, 311, 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.04.007
Amendola, 2010, A study of the surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles by the discrete dipole approximation method: Effect of shape, size, structure, and assembly, Plasmonics, 5, 85, 10.1007/s11468-009-9120-4
Shivakumar, 2017, Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using pre-hydrolysis liquor of Eucalyptus wood and its effective antimicrobial activity, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 97, 55, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.11.006
Markus, 2017, Biosynthesis, characterization, and bioactivities evaluation of silver and gold nanoparticles mediated by the roots of chinese herbal angelica pubescens maxim, Nanoscale Res. Lett., 12, 46, 10.1186/s11671-017-1833-2
Roy, 2012, Biosynthesis, characterisation & antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized by the fungus Aspergillus foetidus MTCC8876, Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostruct., 8, 197
Balakrishnan, 2017, Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Myristica fragrans seed (nutmeg) extract and its antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 24, 14758, 10.1007/s11356-017-9065-7
Farhadi, 2017, Green biosynthesis of spherical silver nanoparticles by using date palm (Phoenix Dactylifera) fruit extract and study of their antibacterial and catalytic activities, Acta Chim. Slov., 64, 129, 10.17344/acsi.2016.2956
Umoren, 2014, Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using red apple (malus domestica) fruit extract at room temperature, J. Mater. Environ. Sci., 5, 907
Samberg, M.E., Lin, Z., and Monteiro Riviere, N.A. (2016). In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity and Pharmacokinetics of Silver Nanoparticles. Bhushan B, Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, Springer.
Bachler, 2013, A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for ionic silver and silver nanoparticles, Int. J. Nanomed., 8, 3365
Walczak, 2013, Behavior of silver nanoparticles and silver ions in an in vitro human gastrointestinal digestion model, Nanotoxicology, 7, 1198, 10.3109/17435390.2012.726382
Loeschner, 2011, Distribution of silver in rats following 28 days of repeated oral exposure to silver nanoparticles or silver acetate, Part. Fibre Toxicol., 8, 1, 10.1186/1743-8977-8-18
Takenaka, 2001, Pulmonary and systemic distribution of inhaled ultrafine silver particles in rats, Environ. Health Perspect., 109, 547
Souto, E.B., Ribeiro, A.F., Ferreira, M.I., Teixeira, M.C., Shimojo, A.A.M., Soriano, J.L., Naveros, B.C., Durazzo, A., Lucarini, M.M., and Souto, S.B. (2020). New nanotechnologies for the treatment and repair of skin burns infections. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.
George, 2014, In vivo analysis of dermal and systemic absorption of silver nanoparticles through healthy human skin, Australas. J. Dermatol., 55, 185, 10.1111/ajd.12101
Larese, 2009, Human skin penetration of silver nanoparticles through intact and damaged skin, Toxicology, 255, 33, 10.1016/j.tox.2008.09.025
Kim, 2008, Twenty-eight-day oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and gender-related tissue distribution of silver nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley rats, Inhal. Toxicol., 20, 575, 10.1080/08958370701874663
Dziendzikowska, 2012, Time-dependent biodistribution and excretion of silver nanoparticles in male Wistar rats, J. Appl. Toxicol., 32, 920, 10.1002/jat.2758
Laborda, 2014, An insight into silver nanoparticles bioavailability in rats, Metallomics, 6, 2242, 10.1039/C4MT00200H
Lee, 2013, Biopersistence of silver nanoparticles in tissues from Sprague-Dawley rats, Part. Fibre Toxicol., 10, 1, 10.1186/1743-8977-10-36
Abbaszadegan, 2015, The effect of charge at the surface of silver nanoparticles on antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria: A preliminary study, J. Nanomater., 2015, 720654, 10.1155/2015/720654
Losasso, 2014, Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles: Sensitivity of different Salmonella serovars, Front. Microbiol., 5, 1, 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00227
Qing, 2018, Potential antibacterial mechanism of silver nanoparticles and the optimization of orthopedic implants by advanced modification technologies, Int. J. Nanomed., 13, 3311, 10.2147/IJN.S165125
Gordon, 2010, Silver coordination polymers for prevention of implant infection: Thiol interaction, impact on respiratory chain enzymes, and hydroxyl radical induction, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 54, 4208, 10.1128/AAC.01830-09
Prucek, 2009, Antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles against Candida, Biomaterials, 30, 6333, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.07.065
Lara, 2010, Mode of antiviral action of silver nanoparticles against HIV-1, J. Nanobiotechnol., 8, 1, 10.1186/1477-3155-8-1
Rajendran, 2017, Brain-Eating Amoebae: Silver Nanoparticle Conjugation Enhanced Efficacy of Anti-Amoebic Drugs against Naegleria fowleri, ACS Chem. Neurosci., 8, 2626, 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00430
Faedmaleki, 2014, Toxicity effect of silver nanoparticles on mice liver primary cell culture and HepG2 cell line, Iran. J. Pharm. Res., 13, 235
Kedi, 2018, Eco-friendly synthesis, characterization, in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of silver nanoparticle-mediated Selaginella myosurus aqueous extract, Int. J. Nanomed., 13, 8537, 10.2147/IJN.S174530
Haza, 2013, Nanopartículas de plata: Aplicaciones y riesgos tóxicos para la salud y el medio ambiente, Rev. Complut. Ciencias Vet., 7, 1
Silva, 2011, Surface charge-dependent toxicity of silver nanoparticles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 283, 10.1021/es1034188
De Matteis, V., Rizzello, L., Ingrosso, C., Liatsi-Douvitsa, E., De Giorgi, M.L., De Matteis, G., and Rinaldi, R. (2019). Cultivar-dependent anticancer and antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized using leaves of different olea europaea trees. Nanomaterials, 9.
Tanase, C., Berta, L., Coman, N.A., Roșca, I., Man, A., Toma, F., Mocan, A., Nicolescu, A., Jakab-Farkas, L., and Biró, D. (2019). Antibacterial and antioxidant potential of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using the spruce bark extract. Nanomaterials, 9.
Patil, 2017, Antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized using terpenes rich extract of Lantana camara L. leaves, Biochem. Biophys. Rep., 10, 76
Dada, 2019, Silver nanoparticle synthesis by Acalypha wilkesiana extract: Phytochemical screening, characterization, influence of operational parameters, and preliminary antibacterial testing, Heliyon, 5, 10, 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02517
Figueiredo, 2019, New approach for simvastatin as an antibacterial: Synergistic effect with bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant bacteria, Int. J. Nanomed., 14, 7975, 10.2147/IJN.S211756
Hossain, 2019, Investigation of the Antibacterial Activity and in vivo Cytotoxicity of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Therapeutics, Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 7, 239, 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00239
Wypij, 2017, Actinobacterial-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their activity against pathogenic bacteria, IET Nanobiotechnol., 11, 336, 10.1049/iet-nbt.2016.0112
Shameli, 2011, Synthesis and characterization of silver/montmorillonite/chitosan bionanocomposites by chemical reduction method and their antibacterial activity, Int. J. Nanomed., 6, 271, 10.2147/IJN.S16043
Oves, 2019, Antibacterial Silver Nanomaterial Synthesis from Mesoflavibacter zeaxanthinifaciens and Targeting Biofilm Formation, Front. Pharmacol., 10, 801, 10.3389/fphar.2019.00801
Dong, Y., Zhu, H., Shen, Y., Zhang, W., and Zhang, L. (2019). Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles of different particle size against Vibrio Natriegens. PLoS ONE, 14.
Deshmukh, 2019, Ultrasound Assisted Green Synthesis of Silver and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Fenugreek Seed Extract and Their Enhanced Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities, Biomed. Res. Int., 2019, 1714358, 10.1155/2019/1714358
Feroze, N., Arshad, B., Younas, M., Afridi, M.I., Saqib, S., and Ayaz, A. (2019). Fungal mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of antibacterial activity. Microsc. Res. Tech.
Gondil, 2019, Antibiofilm potential of Seabuckthorn silver nanoparticles (SBT@AgNPs) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 3 Biotech., 9, 402, 10.1007/s13205-019-1947-6
Mickymaray, S. (2019). One-step synthesis of silver nanoparticles using saudi arabian desert seasonal plant Sisymbrium irio and antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Biomolecules, 9.
Jayaprakash, 2017, Green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using Tamarind fruit extract for the antibacterial studies, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol., 169, 178, 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.03.013
Nakkala, 2017, Green synthesized nano silver: Synthesis, physicochemical profiling, antibacterial, anticancer activities and biological in vivo toxicity, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 499, 33, 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.03.090
Burdușel, A.C., Gherasim, O., Grumezescu, A.M., Mogoantă, L., Ficai, A., and Andronescu, E. (2018). Biomedical applications of silver nanoparticles: An up-to-date overview. Nanomaterials, 8.
Seiffert, J., Hussain, F., Wiegman, C., Li, F., Bey, L., Baker, W., Porter, A., Ryan, M.P., Chang, Y., and Gow, A. (2015). Pulmonary toxicity of instilled silver nanoparticles: Influence of size, coating and rat strain. PLoS ONE, 10.
Lee, S.H., and Jun, B.H. (2019). Silver nanoparticles: Synthesis and application for nanomedicine. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.
Harmon, 2014, Determination of nanosilver dissolution kinetics and toxicity in an environmentally relevant aqueous medium, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 33, 1783, 10.1002/etc.2616
Oukarroum, 2014, Influence of pH on the toxicity of silver nanoparticles in the green alga Chlamydomonas acidophila, Water. Air. Soil Pollut., 225, 1, 10.1007/s11270-014-2038-2
Asharani, 2012, Comparison of the toxicity of silver, gold and platinum nanoparticles in developing zebrafish embryos, Nanotoxicology, 5, 43, 10.3109/17435390.2010.489207
Cardoso, 2016, Nanopartículas de plata: Obtención, utilización como antimicrobiano e impacto en el área de la salud, Rev. Hosp. Niños, 58, 19
Sagee, 2012, Transport of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in soil, Chemosphere, 88, 670, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.055
Mirhosseini, 2015, Synergistic antibacterial effect of metal oxide nanoparticles and ultrasound stimulation, J. Biol. Today’s World, 4, 138
Yoon, 2007, Susceptibility constants of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis to silver and copper nanoparticles, Sci. Total Environ., 373, 572, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.11.007
Kumar, 2019, Optimized production of antibacterial copper oxide nanoparticles in a microwave-assisted synthesis reaction using response surface methodology, Colloids Surf. A, 573, 170, 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.04.063
Alipour, 2019, Antibacterial activity of ultra-small copper oxide (II) nanoparticles synthesized by mechanochemical processing against S. aureus and E. coli, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 105, 110011, 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110011
Nabila, 2018, Biosynthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) from actinomycetes, Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol., 15, 56, 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.05.011
Zhang, 2018, Transcriptional responses and mechanisms of copper nanoparticle toxicology on zebrafish embryos, J. Hazard. Mater., 344, 1057, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.11.039
Yen, 2019, Toxic effects of silver and copper nanoparticles on lateral-line hair cells of zebrafish embryos, Aquat. Toxicol., 215, 105273, 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105273
Jing, 2015, Toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles in lung epithelial cells exposed at the air-liquid interface compared with in vivo assessment, Toxicol. In Vitro, 29, 502, 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.12.023
Gerber, 2013, Gold nanoparticles: Recent aspects for human toxicology, J. Occup. Med. Toxicol., 8, 32, 10.1186/1745-6673-8-32
Her, 2017, Gold nanoparticles for applications in cancer radiotherapy: Mechanisms and recent advancements, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 109, 84, 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.012
Newman, 2006, Formation of gold nanoparticles using amine reducing agents, Langmuir, 22, 5882, 10.1021/la060045z
Tiwari, 2011, Functionalized gold nanoparticles and their biomedical applications, Nanomaterials, 1, 31, 10.3390/nano1010031
Balasubramanian, 2010, Biodistribution of gold nanoparticles and gene expression changes in the liver and spleen after intravenous administration in rats, Biomaterials, 31, 2034, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.11.079
Zhang, 2015, Antimicrobial Activity of Gold Nanoparticles and Ionic Gold, J. Environ. Sci. Heal. Part C Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev., 33, 286
Patil, 2017, Eco-friendly approach for nanoparticles synthesis and mechanism behind antibacterial activity of silver and anticancer activity of gold nanoparticles, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 101, 79, 10.1007/s00253-016-8012-8
Jia, 2017, The in vitro and in vivo toxicity of gold nanoparticles, Chin. Chem. Lett., 28, 691, 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.01.021
Alkilany, 2010, Toxicity and cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles: What we have learned so far?, J. Nanopart. Res., 12, 2313, 10.1007/s11051-010-9911-8
Ostroumov, 2014, Toxicity of gold nanoparticles for plants in experimental aquatic system, Moscow Univ. Biol. Sci. Bull., 69, 108, 10.3103/S0096392514030080
Botha, T.L., James, T.E., and Wepener, V. (2015). Comparative aquatic toxicity of gold nanoparticles and ionic gold using a species sensitivity distribution approach. J. Nanomater., 986902.
Shamaila, S., Zafar, N., Riaz, S., Sharif, R., Nazir, J., and Naseem, S. (2016). Gold nanoparticles: An efficient antimicrobial agent against enteric bacterial human pathogen. Nanomaterials, 6.
MubarakAli, 2011, Plant extract mediated synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles and its antibacterial activity against clinically isolated pathogens, Colloids Surf. B, 85, 360, 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.03.009
Subramanian, 2014, Preparation of gold nanoparticles using Salicornia brachiata plant extract and evaluation of catalytic and antibacterial activity, Spectrochim. Acta, 130, 54, 10.1016/j.saa.2014.03.070
Pomastowski, 2017, Zinc oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis, antiseptic activity and toxicity mechanism, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 249, 37, 10.1016/j.cis.2017.07.033
Darvishi, 2019, Comparison of different properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by the green (using Juglans regia L. leaf extract) and chemical methods, J. Mol. Liq., 286, 110831, 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.04.108
Kaliamurthi, 2019, The relationship between Chlorella sp. and zinc oxide nanoparticles: Changes in biochemical, oxygen evolution, and lipid production ability, Process. Biochem., 85, 43, 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.06.005
Mirzaei, 2017, Zinc oxide nanoparticles: Biological synthesis and biomedical applications, Ceram. Int. J., 43, 907, 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.10.051
Santhoshkumar, 2017, Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using plant leaf extract against urinary tract infection pathogen, Resour. Technol., 3, 459
Jiang, 2018, The advancing of zinc oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications, Bioinorg. Chem. Appl., 2018, 1062562, 10.1155/2018/1062562
Happy, 2019, Phyto-assisted synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Cassia alata and its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Biochem. Biophys. Rep., 17, 208
Mishra, 2017, Zinc oxide nanoparticles: A promising nanomaterial for biomedical applications, Drug Discov. Today, 22, 1825, 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.08.006
Singh, 2013, Antimicrobial and antifungal potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles in comparison to conventional zinc oxide particles, J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 5, 457
Yu, 2015, Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial activity and mechanism of a novel hydroxyapatite whisker/nano zinc oxide biomaterial, Biomed. Mater., 10, 15001, 10.1088/1748-6041/10/1/015001
Sirelkhatim, 2015, Review on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity Mechanism, Nano-Micro Lett., 7, 219, 10.1007/s40820-015-0040-x
Nur, 2019, Cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities of plant-mediated synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using Punica granatum (pomegranate) fruit peels extract, J. Mol. Struct. J., 1189, 57, 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.026
Jayabalan, 2019, Green biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Pseudomonas putida culture and its In vitro antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity, Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol., 21, 1, 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101327
Bai, 2017, Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce apoptosis and autophagy in human ovarian cancer cells, Int. J. Nanomed., 12, 6521, 10.2147/IJN.S140071
Bala, 2014, Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Hibiscus subdariffa leaf extract: Effect of temperature on synthesis, anti-bacterial activity and anti-diabetic activity, RSC Adv., 5, 4993, 10.1039/C4RA12784F
Mahmoud, 2016, ScienceDirect Zinc oxide nanoparticles and a standard antidiabetic drug restore the function and structure of beta cells in Type-2 diabetes, Biomed. Pharmacother., 84, 810, 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.068
Smijs, 2011, Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreens: Focus on their safety and effectiveness, Nanotechnol. Sci. Appl., 4, 95, 10.2147/NSA.S19419
Jesionowski, 2014, Zinc Oxide—From Synthesis to Application: A Review, Materials, 7, 2833, 10.3390/ma7042833
Agarwal, 2019, Eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Cinnamomum Tamala leaf extract and its promising effect towards the antibacterial activity, J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol., 53, 1773
Shankar, 2019, Effect of types of zinc oxide nanoparticles on structural, mechanical and antibacterial properties of poly (lactide)/poly (butylene adipate-co- terephthalate) composite films, Food Packag. Shelf Life J., 21, 2214
Elumalai, 2015, Green synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles from the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (L.), Appl. Surf. Sci., 345, 329, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.03.176
Chandra, 2019, Phyto-mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles of Berberis aristata: Characterization, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity with special reference to urinary tract pathogens, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 102, 212, 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.035
Raja, 2018, Eco-friendly preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Tabernaemontana divaricata and its photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity, J. Photochem. Photobiol., 181, 53, 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.011
Hobman, 2014, Bacterial antimicrobial metal ion resistance, J. Med. Microbiol., 64, 471, 10.1099/jmm.0.023036-0
Microbes, 2016, Nanoparticles: Alternatives Against Drug-Resistant, Molecules, 21, 836, 10.3390/molecules21070836
Alessandrini, F., Vennemann, A., Gschwendtner, S., Neumann, A.U., Rothballer, M., Seher, T., Wimmer, M., Kublik, S., Traidl-Hoffmann, C., and Schloter, M. (2017). Pro-inflammatory versus Immunomodulatory Effects of silver nanoparticles in the lung: The critical role of dose, size and surface modification. Nanomaterials, 7.
Drake, 2005, Exposure-related health effects of silver and silver compounds: A review, Ann. Occup. Hyg., 49, 575
Chung, 2017, Inactivation, clearance, and functional effects of lung-instilled short and long silver nanowires in rats, ACS Nano, 11, 2652, 10.1021/acsnano.6b07313
Gosens, 2016, Organ burden and pulmonary toxicity of nano-sized copper (II) oxide particles after short-term inhalation exposure, Nanotoxicology, 5390, 1084, 10.3109/17435390.2016.1172678
Raun, 2015, Acute and subacute pulmonary toxicity and mortality in mice after intratracheal instillation of ZnO nanoparticles in three laboratories, Food Chem. Toxicol. J., 85, 84, 10.1016/j.fct.2015.08.008
Korani, 2015, Effects of silver nanoparticles on human health, Eur. J. Nanomed., 7, 51, 10.1515/ejnm-2014-0032
Almansour, 2017, Zinc oxide nanoparticles hepatotoxicity: Histological and histochemical study, Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 51, 124, 10.1016/j.etap.2017.02.015
Sarkar, 2011, Nano-copper induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in kidney via both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, Toxicology, 290, 208, 10.1016/j.tox.2011.09.086
Ibrahim, K.E., Al-mutary, M.G., and Khan, H.A. (2018). Mice Exposed to Gold Nanoparticles. Molecules, 23.
Attia, H., Nounou, H., and Shalaby, M. (2018). Zinc oxide nanoparticles Induced oxidative DNA damage, inflammation and apoptosis in rat’s brain. Toxics, 6.
Yan, 2012, Zinc oxide nanoparticles cause nephrotoxicity and kidney metabolism alterations in rat’s, J. Environ. Sci. Health A Tox. Hazard. Subst Environ. Eng., 47, 577, 10.1080/10934529.2012.650576
Chang, 2012, The toxic effects and mechanisms of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles, Materials, 5, 2850, 10.3390/ma5122850
Setyawati, 2015, Mechanistic Investigation of the Biological Effects of SiO2, TiO2, and ZnO Nanoparticles on Intestinal Cells, Small, 11, 3458, 10.1002/smll.201403232
Hwan, 2012, Susceptibility to gold nanoparticle-induced hepatotoxicity is enhanced in a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Toxicology, 294, 27, 10.1016/j.tox.2012.01.013
Markets, M. (2018). Metal Nanoparticles Market by metal (Platinum, Gold, Silver, Iron, Titanium, Copper, Nickel), End-use industry (Pharmaceutical & healthcare, Electrical & electronics, Catalyst, Personal care & cosmetics), and Region - Global Forecast to 2022. Mark. Res. Rep., 4489142.
Bondarenko, 2013, Toxicity of Ag, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles to selected environmentally relevant test organisms and mammalian cells in vitro: A critical review, Arch. Toxicol., 87, 1181, 10.1007/s00204-013-1079-4
Bergin, 2017, Effects of particle size and coating on toxicologic parameters, fecal elimination kinetics and tissue distribution of acutely ingested silver nanoparticles in a mouse model, J. Autism Dev. Disord., 47, 549
Zhang, 2010, Toxicologic effects of gold nanoparticles in vivo by different administration routes, Int. J. Nanomed., 5, 771, 10.2147/IJN.S8428
Kermanshahi, 2015, Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Absorption Rate in the Heart Tissue of Female Mice, J. Chem. Heal. Risks, 5, 193