Metabolic response assessment with 18F-FDG PET/CT: inter-method comparison and prognostic significance for patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Jingbo Wang1,2, Ka Kit Wong3, Morand Piert3, Paul Stolzmann1, Kirk A. Frey3, Feng-Ming Kong1,4
1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
2Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital & Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
3Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
4Department of Radiation Oncology, GRU Cancer Center,Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, USA

Tóm tắt

Abstract Objective

This study aimed to (1) compare the agreement of two evaluation methods of metabolic response in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and determine their prognostic value and (2) explore an optimal cutoff of metabolic reduction to distinguish a more favorable subset of responders.

Methods

This is a secondary analysis of prospective studies. Enrolled patients underwent 18F-PET/CT within 2 weeks before, during, and months after radiotherapy (post-RT). Metabolic response was assessed using both Peter MacCallum (PM) method of qualitative visual assessment and University of Michigan (UM) method of semiquantitative measurement. The agreement between two methods determined response, and their prediction of outcome was analyzed.

Results

Forty-four patients with median follow-up of 25.2 months were analyzed. A moderate agreement was observed between PM- and UM-based response assessment (Kappa coefficient = 0.434), unveiling a significant difference in CMR rate (p = 0.001). Categorical responses derived from either method were significantly predictive of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p < 0.0001). Numerical percentage decrease of FDG uptake also showed significant correlations with survival, presenting a hazard ratio of 0.97 for both OS and PFS. A 75 % of SUV decrease was found to be the optimal cutoff to predict OS and 2-year progression.

Conclusions

There was a modest discrepancy in metabolic response rates between PM and UM criteria, though both could offer predictive classification for survival. The percentage decrease provides an ordinal value that correlates with prolonged survival, recommending 75 % as the optimal threshold at identifying better responders.

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