Merging top‐down and bottom‐up approaches in marine protected areas planning: experiences from around the globe

Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems - Tập 24 Số S2 - Trang 128-144 - 2014
Carlos F. Gaymer1,2,3, Angela V. Stadel4, Natalie C. Ban5, P. Francisco Cárcamo6, Joseph Ierna7, Louise M. Lieberknecht8
1Departamento de Biología Marina Universidad Católica del Norte & Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA) Coquimbo Chile
2Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB)
3Millennium Nucleus for Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Islands (ESMOI)
4Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Delta BC Canada
5School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
6Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, Coquimbo, Chile
7Ocean CREST Alliance Long Island Bahamas
8Department of Geography, University College, London

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACTFive case studies from around the world illustrate key lessons in integrating top‐down and bottom‐up approaches to stakeholder and community engagement in the planning and implementation of marine protected areas (MPAs).Community resistance to MPA proposals from centralized agencies can be addressed through effective participatory processes with consistent engagement over time, transparency, and the incorporation of benefits for communities.Indigenous communities in particular are becoming key actors of some conservation initiatives (e.g. MPAs) and recognition of their inherent rights, traditional knowledge and deep connections to the marine environment can become the foundations for collaborative management of MPAs.True participation requires empowerment for engagement, and this in turn requires education and capacity building for local people to get involved in the process of planning, implementing, and managing MPAs.How bottom‐up and top‐down approaches are used should consider the scale of the MPA (e.g. small vs. large), the geographic scenario (e.g. coastal vs. remote), the level of anthropogenic influence, the conservation objectives (e.g. species, habitats, ecosystems), the political and governance context, and specific cultural conditions, such as the presence of indigenous communities. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems

Tập 24 Số S2

128-144

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