Mechanistic data support protecting non-smokers from the lethal effects of second-hand smoke

Barnoya J, Glantz SA (2005) Cardiovascular effects of secondhand smoke: nearly as large as smoking. Circulation 111(20):2684–2698

Bilchick KC et al (2002) Prognostic value of heart rate variability in chronic congestive heart failure (Veterans Affairs’ Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure). Am J Cardiol 90(1):24–28

Brook RD et al (2010) Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease an update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 121(21):2331–23378. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181dbece1

Eisner MD, Smith AK, Blanc PD (1998) Bartenders’ respiratory health after establishment of smoke-free bars and taverns. JAMA 280(22):1909–1914

Hill AB (1965) The environment and disease: association or causation? Proc R Soc Med 58:295–300

Kubozono T et al (2011) Acute and chronic effects of smoking on arterial stiffness. Circ J 75(3):698–702

Peters A, Doring A, Wichmann HE, Koenig W (1997) Increased plasma viscosity during an air pollution episode: a link to mortality? Lancet 349(9065):1582–1587

Pieters N, Plusquin M, Cox B, Kicinski M, Vangronsveld J, Nawrot TS (2012) An epidemiological appraisal of the association between heart rate variability and particulate air pollution: a meta-analysis. Heart 98(15):1127–1135. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-301505

Pope CA (2001) Acute exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and heart rate variability. Environ Health Perspect 109(7):711–716

Rajkumar S, Huynh CK, Bauer GF, Hoffmann S, Roosli M (2013) Impact of a smoking ban in hospitality venues on second hand smoke exposure: a comparison of exposure assessment methods. BMC Public Health 13:536. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-536

Rajkumar S et al (2014) The effect of workplace smoking bans on heart rate variability and pulse wave velocity of non-smoking hospitality workers. Int J Public Health. doi: 10.1007/s00038-014-0545-y

Rich DQ et al (2012) Association between changes in air pollution levels during the Beijing Olympics and biomarkers of inflammation and thrombosis in healthy young adults. JAMA 307(19):2068–2078. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.34881157490

Schulz PJ, Hartung U, Fiordelli M (2012) Effect of smoke-free legislation on Ticino gastronomy revenue. Int J Public Health 57:861–866. doi: 10.1007/s00038-012-0402-9

Tan CE, Glantz SA (2012) Association between smoke free legislation and hospitalizations for cardiac, cerebrovascular and respiratory diseases: a meta-analysis. Circulation 126(18):2177–2183. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.121301

Tan WC et al (2000) The human bone marrow response to acute air pollution caused by forest fires. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 161:1213–1217

Tapanainen JM et al (2002) Fractal analysis of heart rate variability and mortality after an acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 90(4):347–352

Tomiyama H et al (2010) Continuous smoking and progression of arterial stiffening: a prospective study. J Am Coll Cardiol 55(18):1979–1987. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.12.042

Vlachopoulos C, Aznaouridis K, Stefanadis C (2010) Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with arterial stiffness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 55(13):1318–1327. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.10.061

Wilson MD, McGlothlin JD, Rosenthal FS, Black DR, Zimmerman NJ, Bridges CD (2010) Ergonomics: the effect of occupational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on the heart rate variability of bar and restaurant workers. J Occup Environ Hyg 7(7):D44–D49. doi: 10.1080/15459624.2010.483980

Zhang JM, Fang SNC, Mittleman MA, Christiani DC, Cavallari JM (2013) Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure and heart rate variability and inflammation among non-smoking construction workers: a repeated measures study. Environ Health 12(1):83. doi: 10.1186/1476-069x-12-83