Measuring and Explaining Charge Bargaining

Anne Morrison Piehl1, Shawn D. Bushway2
1Department of Economics, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA
2School of Criminal Justice, University at Albany, Albany, USA

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Administrative Office of the Courts (1993) Review of the Maryland sentencing guidelines: concepts and 1987 revisions. Administrative Office of the Courts, Annapolis (Unpublished manuscript)

Albonetti CA (1997) Sentencing under the federal sentencing guidelines: an analysis of the effects of defendant characteristics, guilty pleas, and departures, 1991–1992. Law Soc Rev 31:601–634

Albonetti CA (1998) The role of gender and departures in the sentencing of defendants convicted of a white-collar offense under the federal sentencing guidelines. In: Ulmer JT (eds) Sociology of crime, law, and deviance, vol 1. JAI Press, Greenwich

Alschuler A (1978) Sentencing reform and prosecutorial power: a critique of recent proposals for “fixed” and “presumptive” sentencing. Univ PA Law Rev 126:550–570

Anderson JN, Kling JR, Stith K (1999) Measuring interjudge sentencing disparity: before and after the federal sentencing guidelines. J Law Econ 41:271–307

Barry D, Greer A (1981) Sentencing versus prosecutorial discretion: the application of a new disparity measure. J Res Crime Delinq 18:254–271

Beale SS (1996) Federalizing crime: assessing the impact on the federal courts. Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci 543:39–51

Bjerk D (2005) Making the crime fit the penalty: the role of prosecutorial discretion under mandatory minimum sentencing. J Law Econ 48(2):591–625

Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. (2004) O’Connor’s dissenting

Brickey KF (1995) Criminal mischief: the federalization of American criminal law. Hastings Law J 46:1135–1174

Bushway SD, Piehl AM (2001) Judging judicial discretion: legal factors and racial discrimination in sentencing. Law Soc Rev 35(4):733–764

Bynum TS (1982) Prosecutorial discretion and the implementation of a legislative mandate. In: Morash M (eds) Implementing criminal justice policies. Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, pp 47–59

Carrow D, Feins J, Lee B, Olinger L (1985) Guidelines without force: an evaluation of the multi-jurisdictional sentencing guidelines field test. Abt Associates, Cambridge

Coffee J, Tonry M (1983) Hard choices: critical tradeoffs in the implementation of sentencing reform through guidelines. In: Tonry M, Zimring F (eds) Reform and punishment: essays in criminal sentencing. University of Chicago Press, Chicago

D’Alessio SJ, Stolzenberg L (1995) The impact of sentencing guidelines on jail incarceration in Minnesota. Criminology 33:2

Engen RL, Gainey RR (2000) Modeling the effects of legally relevant and extralegal factors under sentencing guidelines: the rules have changed. Criminology 38:1207–1229

Engen RL, Steen S (2000) The power to punish: discretion and sentencing reform in the war on drugs. Am J Sociol 105:1357–1395

Farrell J (2003) Mandatory minimum firearm penalties: a source of sentencing disparity? Justice Res Pol 5:95–115

Frankel ME (1972) Criminal sentences: law without order. Hill & Wang, New York

Frase R (1993) The role of the legislature, the sentencing commission, and other officials under the Minnesota Sentencing Guidelines. Wake Forest Law Rev 28:345–379

Hofer PJ (2000) Federal sentencing for violent and drug trafficking crimes involving firearms: recent changes and prospects for improvement. Am Crim Law Rev 37:41–73

Hughes TA, Wilson DJ, Beck AJ (2001) Trends in State Parole, 1990–2000 (NCJ 184735). Bureau of Justice Statistics, Washington

Johnson BD (2003) Racial and ethnic disparities in sentencing departures across modes of conviction. Criminology 41:449–490

Kessler DP, Piehl AM (1998) The role of discretion in the criminal justice system. J Law Econ Organ 14:256–276

Kramer J, Ulmer JT (1996) Sentencing disparity and departure from the guidelines. Justice Q 13:81–106

Kramer J, Ulmer JT (2002) Downward departures for serious violent offenders: local court “corrections” to Pennsylvania’s sentencing guidelines. Criminology 40:897–931

Kramer J, Ulmer JT, Kurlychek M (2003) Prosecutorial discretion and the imposition of mandatory minimum sentences. ASC conference presentation

LaCasse C, Payne AA (1999) Federal sentencing guidelines and mandatory minimum sentences: do defendants bargain in the shadow of the judge? J Law Econ 42:245–269

Loftin C, Heumann M, McDowall D (1983) Mandatory sentencing and firearms violence: evaluating an alternative to gun control. Law Soc Rev 17:287–318

Miethe TD (1987) Charging and plea bargaining practices under determinate sentencing: an investigation of the hydraulic displacement of discretion. J Crim Law Criminol 78(1):155–170

Miethe TD, Moore CA (1986) Racial differences in criminal processing: the consequences of model selection on conclusions about differential treatment. Sociol Q 27:217–237

Mustard DB (2001) Racial, ethnic and gender disparities in sentencing: evidence form the U.S. Federal Courts. J Law Econ 44:285–314

Oaxaca R (1973) Male–female wage differentials in urban labor markets. Int Econ Rev 14:693–709

Osgood DW, Finken L, McMorris B (2002) Analyzing multiple-item measures of crime and deviance II: Tobit regression analysis of transformed scores. J Quant Criminol 18:319–347

Paternoster R, Brame R, Bacon S, Ditchfield A (2004) Justice by geography and race: the administration of the death penalty in Maryland, 1978–1999. Margins: Maryland’s Law J Race Religion Gend Class, pp 1–97

Reinganum JF (1988) Bargaining and prosecutorial discretion. Am Econ Rev 78:713–728

Reitz K (1998) Modeling discretion in American sentencing systems. Law Pol 20:389–428

Rhodes W (1991) Federal criminal sentencing: some measurement issues with application to pre-guideline sentencing disparity. J Crim Law Criminol 81:1002–1033

Scott RE, Stuntz WJ (1992) Plea bargaining as contract. Yale Law J 101:1909–1968

Smith DA (1986) The plea bargain controversy. J Crim Law Criminol 77:949–968

Smith D, Brame R (2003) Tobit models in social science research. Sociol Methods Res 31:364–389

Spohn C (2000) Thirty years of sentencing reform: the quest for a racially neutral sentencing process. U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, vol. 3, Washington, pp 427–501

Stolzenberg L, D’Alessio SJ (1994) Sentencing and unwarranted disparity: an empirical assessment of the long-term impact of sentencing guidelines in Minnesota. Criminology 32:301–310

Tonry M (1996) Sentencing matters. Oxford University Press, New York

Ulmer JT, Miller LL (2002) Plea agendas in federal sentencing: quantitative and qualitative evidence from four district courts. Unpublished paper, Penn State University

U.S. Department of Justice (2001) Felony sentences in state courts, 1998. BJS Bulletin, October, NCJ190103

U.S. Department of Justice (2002a) State Court Processing Statistics, 1998: Felony Defendants in Large Urban Counties [Computer file]. Conducted by Pretrial Services Resource Center [producer], 2001, 1st ICPSR ed. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], Ann Arbor

U.S. Department of Justice (2002b) Prisoners in 2001. BJS Bulletin, July, NCJ195189

Washington State Sentencing Guidelines Commission (1985) Sentencing practices under the sentencing reform act. Washington State Sentencing Guidelines Commission, Washington