Mathematical modelling and optimisation of lignite and wheat straw co-combustion in 350 MWe boiler furnace

European Commission. 2030 Climate & Energy Framework 2015:1–2. http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/strategies/2030/index_en.htm. Akcioni plan za biomasu 2010 - 2012. Ministarstvo rudarstva i energetike, Srpsko-Holandski projekat na nivou vlada o biomasi, Srbija (in Serbian); 2010. Vassilev, 2015, Advantages and disadvantages of composition and properties of biomass in comparison with coal: An overview, Fuel, 158, 330, 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.05.050 Roni, 2017, Biomass co-firing technology with policies, challenges, and opportunities: A global review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 78, 1089, 10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.023 Savolainen, 2003, Co-firing of biomass in coal-fired utility boilers, Appl Energy, 74, 369, 10.1016/S0306-2619(02)00193-9 Souza, 2017, The role of bioenergy in a climate-changing world, Environ Dev, 23, 57, 10.1016/j.envdev.2017.02.008 Bhuiyan, 2018, A review on thermo-chemical characteristics of coal/biomass co-firing in industrial furnace, J Energy Inst, 91, 1, 10.1016/j.joei.2016.10.006 Sahu, 2014, Coal–biomass co-combustion: An overview, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 39, 575, 10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.106 van Loo, 2008, Biomass combustion & co-firing, Earthscan Nussbaumer, 2003, Combustion and co-combustion of biomass: fundamentals, technologies, and primary measures for emission reduction, Energy Fuels, 17, 1510, 10.1021/ef030031q Basu, 2011, Biomass co-firing options on the emission reduction and electricity generation costs in coal-fired power plants, Renew Energy, 36, 282, 10.1016/j.renene.2010.06.039 Tabet, 2015, Review on CFD based models for co-firing coal and biomass, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 51, 1101, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.045 Bhuiyan, 2017, Co-firing of biomass and slagging in industrial furnace: A review on modelling approach, J Energy Inst, 90, 838, 10.1016/j.joei.2016.08.010 Ghenai, 2010, CFD analysis of the effects of co-firing biomass with coal, Energy Convers Manag, 51, 1694, 10.1016/j.enconman.2009.11.045 Gubba, 2012, Numerical modelling of the co-firing of pulverised coal and straw in a 300MWe tangentially fired boiler, Fuel Process Technol, 104, 181, 10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.05.011 Karampinis, 2012, Numerical investigation Greek lignite/cardoon co-firing in a tangentially fired furnace, Appl Energy, 97, 514, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.12.032 Pallarés, 2009, Numerical study of co-firing coal and Cynara cardunculus in a 350 MWe utility boiler, Fuel Process Technol, 90, 1207, 10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.05.025 Li, 2012, Co-firing based on biomass torrefaction in a pulverized coal boiler with aim of 100% fuel switching, Appl Energy, 99, 344, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.05.046 Dong, 2010, Numerical modeling of the gasification based biomass co-firing in a 600MW pulverized coal boiler, Appl Energy, 87, 2834, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.05.033 Yang, 2019, Combustion optimization and NOx reduction of a 600 MWe down-fired boiler by rearrangement of swirl burner and introduction of separated over-fire air, J Clean Prod, 210, 1120, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.077 Bhuiyan, 2015, CFD modelling of co-firing of biomass with coal under oxy-fuel combustion in a large scale power plant, Fuel, 159, 150, 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.06.058 Belošević, 2019, Full-scale CFD investigation of gas-particle flow, interactions and combustion in tangentially fired pulverized coal furnace, Energy, 179, 1036, 10.1016/j.energy.2019.05.066 Tomanović, 2019, Numerical modeling of in-furnace sulfur removal by sorbent injection during pulverized lignite combustion, Int J Heat Mass Transf, 128, 98, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.08.129 Smith, 1994 Hashimoto, 2012, A numerical simulation of pulverized coal combustion employing a tabulated-devolatilization-process model (TDP model), Combust Flame, 159, 353, 10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.05.024 Niksa, 2000, Predicting the rapid devolatilization of diverse forms of biomass with bio-flashchain, Proc Combust Inst, 28, 2727, 10.1016/S0082-0784(00)80693-1 Stojiljković, 2005, Devolatilisation of some pulverised Eastern European lignites, J Energy Inst, 78, 190, 10.1179/174602205X68306 Milicevic, 2018, Development of mathematical model for co-firing pulverized coal and biomass in experimental furnace, Therm Sci, 22, 709, 10.2298/TSCI170525206M Sankar, 2019, Computational modeling of pulverized coal fired boilers – A review on the current position, Fuel, 236, 643, 10.1016/j.fuel.2018.08.154 Belosevic, 2008, A numerical study of a utility boiler tangentially-fired furnace under different operating conditions, Fuel, 87, 3331, 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.05.014 Belosevic, 2012, Numerical analysis of NOx control by combustion modifications in pulverized coal utility boiler, Energy Fuels, 26, 425, 10.1021/ef201380z Belošević, 2016, Numerical study of pulverized coal-fired utility boiler over a wide range of operating conditions for in-furnace SO2/NOx reduction, Appl Therm Eng, 94, 657, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.10.162 Oka, 2000, Mathematical modeling of a three-dimensional isothermal single-phase turbulent flow in the cubic box, Facta Univ - Ser Mech Autom Control Robot, 2, 1243 Haider, 1989, Drag coefficient and terminal velocity of spherical and nonspherical particles, Powder Techol, 58, 63, 10.1016/0032-5910(89)80008-7 Hu, 2014, Numerical investigation of heat transfer characteristics in utility boilers of oxy-coal combustion, Appl Energy, 130, 543, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.03.038 Merrick, 1983, Mathematical models of the thermal decomposition of coal1. The evolution of volatile matter, Fuel, 62, 534, 10.1016/0016-2361(83)90222-3 Xu, 1987, Effect of temperature on the flash pyrolysis of various coals, Fuel, 66, 632, 10.1016/0016-2361(87)90271-7 Bradley, 2006, Modeling of laminar pulverized coal flames with speciated devolatilization and comparisons with experiments, Combust Flame, 144, 190, 10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.07.007 Belosevic, 2008, A numerical study of pulverized coal ignition by means of plasma torches in air–coal dust mixture ducts of utility boiler furnaces, Int J Heat Mass Transf, 51, 1970, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.06.003 Yin, 2004, Use of numerical modeling in design for co-firing biomass in wall-fired burners, Chem Eng Sci, 59, 3281, 10.1016/j.ces.2004.04.036 Li, 2015, Characterization of biomass combustion at high temperatures based on an upgraded single particle model, Appl Energy, 156, 749, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.04.027 Eaton, 1999, Components, formulations, solutions, evaluation, and application of comprehensive combustion models, Prog Energy Combust Sci, 25, 387, 10.1016/S0360-1285(99)00008-8 Lockwood, 1992, Mathematical modeling of fuel-NO emissions from PF burners, J Inst Energy, 65, 144 Solomon, 1978, Evolution of fuel nitrogen in coal devolatilization, Fuel, 57, 749, 10.1016/0016-2361(78)90133-3 Patankar, 1980 Stone, 1968, Iterative solution of implicit approximations of multidimensional partial differential equations, SIAM J Numer Anal, 5, 530, 10.1137/0705044 Yin, 2012, Towards a better understanding of biomass suspension co-firing impacts via investigating a coal flame and a biomass flame in a swirl-stabilized burner flow reactor under same conditions, Fuel Process Technol, 98, 65, 10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.01.024 Damstedt, 2007, Structure and nitrogen chemistry in coal, biomass, and cofiring low-NOx flames, Brigham Young University - Provo Belosevic, 2009, Numerical prediction of pulverized coal flame in utility boiler furnaces, Energy Fuels, 23, 5401, 10.1021/ef9005737 Tucakovic, 2008, A computer code for the prediction of mill gases and hot air distribution between burners’ sections at the utility boiler, Appl Therm Eng, 28, 2178, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2007.12.021 Milicevic A. Mathematical modelling and optimization of processes in a pulverized coal-fired furnace during direct co-firing with biomass. Ph. D. thesis, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 2018. Belosevic, 2010, Modeling approaches to predict biomass co-firing with pulverized coal, Open Thermodyn J, 4, 50 Zhao, 2017, Biomass-based chemical looping technologies: the good, the bad and the future. Energy, Environ Sci, 10, 1885 Sami, 2001, Co-firing of coal and biomass fuel blends, Progess Energy Combust Sci, 27, 171, 10.1016/S0360-1285(00)00020-4