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Bền vững vật liệu cho môi trường: Xử lý bùn đỏ
Tóm tắt
Quy trình Bayer đã cách mạng hóa việc khai thác nhôm từ quặng bauxite. Tuy nhiên, việc chiết xuất alumina bằng phương pháp thủy nhiệt liên quan đến việc sinh ra sản phẩm phụ, bùn đỏ, bao gồm các chất rắn không hòa tan gồm các oxit sắt, silicat nhôm natri, titania, silica và các nguyên tố đất hiếm. Tích tụ bùn đỏ (hay còn gọi là cặn bauxite) trên toàn cầu đạt 30 tỷ tấn, sản xuất với tỷ lệ 125 triệu tấn mỗi năm (2013). Việc sử dụng bùn đỏ cho các mục đích xây dựng, xử lý nước thải, sản phẩm kim loại và phẩm màu được liệt kê. Nỗ lực chế biến kim loại bùn đỏ để tạo ra các sản phẩm có giá trị gia tăng khác nhau như gang, len xỉ sắt, magnetite, titania và cacbide sắt được trình bày trong bài báo.
Từ khóa
#bùn đỏ #alumina #xử lý nước thải #sản phẩm kim loại #cải thiện môi trườngTài liệu tham khảo
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