Mapping interactions between the sustainable development goals: lessons learned and ways forward

Måns Nilsson1, Elinor Chisholm2, David Griggs3, Philippa Howden‐Chapman2, David McCollum4, Peter Messerli5, Barbara Neumann6, Anne‐Sophie Stevance7, Martin Visbeck8, Mark S. Smith9
1Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden and Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
2He Kainga Oranga/Housing and Health Research Programme, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
3Institute for Global Sustainable Development, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
4Energy Program at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria
5Centre for Development and Environment (CDE), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
6Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS), Potsdam, Germany
7International Council for Science (ICSU), Paris, France
8GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel and Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
9CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, Australia

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Agardy T (2000) Information needs for marine protected areas; Scientific and societal. Bull Mar Sci 66:875–888

Agardy T, Alder J, Dayton P, Curran S, Kitchingman A, Wilson M, Catenazzi A, Restrepo J, Birkeland C, Blaber S, Saifullah S, Branch G, Boersma D, Nixon S, Dugan P, Davidson N, Vorosmarty C (2005) Coastal systems. In: Reid W (ed) Ecosystems and human well-being, vol 1. Current state and trends. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Series. Island Press, Washington, D.C., pp 513–549

Arrow KJ, Panosian C, Gelband H (eds) (2004) Saving lives, buying time: economics of malaria drugs in an age of resistance. Institute of Medicine. Committee on the Economics of Antimalarial Drugs. Washington DC, USA, National Academies Press

Babiker MH, Eckaus RS (2007) Unemployment effects of climate policy. Environ Sci Policy 10(7–8):600–609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2007.05.002

Bain R, Cronk R, Hossain R, Bonjour S, Onda K, Wright J, Yang H, Slaymaker T, Hunter P, Prüss-Ustün A, Bartram J (2014) Global assessment of exposure to faecal contamination through drinking water based on a systematic review. Trop Med Int Health 19(8):917–927. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12334

Bennett N, Dearden P (2014) From measuring outcomes to providing inputs: governance, management, and local development for more effective marine protected areas. Mar Policy 50:96–110

Bhattacharyya A, Meltzer JP, Oppenheim J, Qureshi Z, Stern N (2016) Delivering on better infrastructure for better development and better climate. Brookings Institutions, Washington DC

Blomstedt Y, Bhutta Z, Dahlstrand J, Friberg P, Gostin L, Nilsson M, Sewankambo NK, Tomson G, Alfvén T (2018) Partnerships for child health: capitalising on links between the sustainable development goals. BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k125

Borenstein S (2012) The private and public economics of renewable electricity generation. J Econ Perspect Am Econ Assoc Winter 26(1):67–92. https://doi.org/10.3386/w17695

Butler JRA, Bohensky EL, Suadnya W, Yanuartati Y, Handayani T, Habibi P, Puspadi K, Skewes TD, Wise RM, Suharto I, Park SE, Sutaryono Y (2016) Scenario planning to leap-frog the sustainable development goals: an adaptation pathways approach. Clim Risk Manag 12:83–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2015.11.003

Byerlee D, Diao X, Jackson C (2005) Agriculture, rural development, and pro-poor growth: country experiences in the post-reform era. World Bank, Washington DC

Chapman R, Howden-Chapman P, Capon A (2016) Understanding the systemic nature of cities to improve health and climate change mitigation. Environ Int 94:380–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.014

Cinner JE, McClanahan TR, Graham NAJ, Daw TM, Maina J, Stead SM, Wamukota A, Brown K, Bodin Ö (2012) Vulnerability of coastal communities to key impacts of climate change on coral reef fisheries. Glob Environ Change 22:12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.09.018

Edgar GJ, Stuart-Smith RD, Willis TJ, Kininmonth S, Baker SC, Banks S, Barrett NS, Becerro MA, Bernard AT, Berkhout J, Buxton CD, Campbell SJ, Cooper AT, Davey M, Edgar SC, Forsterra G, Galvan DE, Irigoyen AJ, Kushner DJ, Moura R, Parnell PE, Shears NT, Soler G, Strain EM, Thomson RJ (2014) Global conservation outcomes depend on marine protected areas with five key features. Nature 506:216–220

Faling M, Garard J, Schouten G, Veeger M, Vervoor J, Schulz K, Rutting L (2017) Innovative participatory research methods in earth system governance. Ann Rev Soc Partnersh 12:76–80

Fisher B, Christopher T (2007) Poverty and biodiversity: measuring the overlap of human poverty and the biodiversity hotspots. Ecol Econ 62:93–101

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP), World Health Organization (WHO). (2017) The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2017. Building resilience for peace and food security. Rome. http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/foodsecurity/state-food-security-nutrition-2017/en/ . Accessed 01 June 2018

Frantzeskaki N, Kabisch N (2016) Designing a knowledge co-production operating space for urban environmental governance-Lessons from Rotterdam, Netherlands and Berlin, Germany. Environ Sci Policy 62:90–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.01.010

Galafassi D, Daw TM, Munyi L, Brown K, Barnaud C, Fazey I (2017) Learning about social-ecological trade-offs. Ecol Soc 22:2. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08920-220102

Gao L, Bryan BA (2017) Finding pathways to national-scale land-sector sustainability. Nature 544:217–222

Goldthau A (2014) Rethinking the governance of energy infrastructure: scale, decentralization and polycentrism. Energy Res Soc Sci 1:134–140

Griggs D, Stafford Smith M, Rockström J, Öhman M, Gaffney O, Glaser G, Kanie N, Noble I, Steffen W, Shyamsundar P (2014) An integrated framework for sustainable development goals. Ecol Soc 19:49. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-07082-190449

Hidalgo-Ruz V, Thiel M (2013) Distribution and abundance of small plastic debris on beaches in the SE Pacific (Chile): a study supported by a citizen science project. Mar Environ Res 87–88:12–18

Howden-Chapman P, Siri J, Chisholm E, Chapman R, Doll CNH, Capon A (2017) SDG 3 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. In: Griggs D, Nilsson M, Stevance A-S, McCollum D (eds) A guide to SDG interactions: from science to implementation. Int Counc Sci, Paris, pp 81–124

Hu H, Ha S, Roth J, Kearney G, Talbot EO, Xu X (2014) Ambient air pollution and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Atmos Environ 97:336–345

ICSU (2017) A Guide to SDG interactions: from science to implementation. In: International Council for Science, Paris

IEA (2016) Energy and air pollution. World Energy Outlook Special Report. International Energy Agency, Paris

Kavanaugh MT, Oliver MJ, Chavez FP, Letelier RM, Muller-Karger FE, Doney SC (2016) Seascapes as a new vernacular for pelagic ocean monitoring, management and conservation. ICES J Mar Sci 73:1839–1850. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw086

Lacey FG, Henze DK, Lee CJ, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV (2017) Transient climate and ambient health impacts due to national solid fuel cookstove emissions. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114:1269–1274. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612430114

Lavers JL, Bond AL (2017) Exceptional and rapid accumulation of anthropogenic debris on one of the world’s most remote and pristine islands. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114:6052–6055. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1619818114

Leach M (ed) (2016) Gender equality and sustainable development. Routledge, New York

Levin N, Kark S, Danovaro R (2017) Adding the third dimension to marine conservation. Conserv Lett. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12408

Malley CS, Kuylenstierna JC, Vallack HW, Henze DK, Blencowe H, Ashmore MR (2017) Preterm birth associated with maternal fine particulate matter exposure: a global, regional and national assessment. Environ Int 101:173–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.01.023

Mascia MB, Claus CA, Naidoo R (2010) Impacts of marine protected areas on fishing communities. Conserv Biol 24:1424–1429. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01523.x

McCollum D, Krey V, Riahi K (2011) An integrated approach to energy sustainability. Nat Clim Change 1:428–429

McCollum D, Gomez Echeverri L, Riahi K, Parkinson S (2017) SDG 7 Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. In: Griggs DJ, Nilsson M, Stevance A-S, McCollum D (eds) A guide to SDG interactions: from science to implementation. International Council for Science, Paris, pp 127–173

McCollum D, Echeverri L, Busch S, Pachauri S, Parkinson S, Rogelj J, Krey V, Minx J, Nilsson M, Stevance A-S (2018) Connecting the sustainable development goals by their energy inter-linkages. Environ Res Lett. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaafe3

Nerini F, Tomei J, To LS, Bisaga I, Parikh P, Black M, Borrion A, Spataru C, Broto V, Anandarajah G, Milligan B, Mulugetta Y (2018) Mapping synergies and trade-offs between energy and the Sustainable Development Goals. Nat Energy 3:10–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-017-0036-5

Newton A, Carruthers TJB, Icely J (2012) The coastal syndromes and hotspots on the coast. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 96:39–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.07.012

Nilsson M (2017) Do we need a common knowledge platform on SDG interactions? Deliver2 030 blog. https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20180120121648 , http://deliver2030.org/?p=8265 . Accessed 01 Oct 2017

Nilsson M, Griggs D, Visbeck M (2016) Map the interactions of sustainable development goals. Nature 534:320–322. https://doi.org/10.1038/534320a

OECD (2016) Better policies for sustainable development 2016: a new framework for policy coherence. 292. OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264256996-en

OECD (2017) Marine protected areas: economics, management and effective policy mixes. OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264276208-en

Olsen E, Kaplan IC, Ainsworth C, Fay G, Gaichas S, Gamble R, Girardin R, Eide CH, Ihde TF, Morzaria-Luna HN, Johnson KF, Savina-Rolland M, Townsend H, Weijerman M, Fulton EA, Link JS (2018) Ocean futures under ocean acidification, marine protection, and changing fishing pressures explored using a worldwide suite of ecosystem models. Front Mar Sci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00064

Pörtner H.-O, Karl D, Boyd PW, Cheung W, Lluch-Cota SE, Nojiri Y, Schmidt DN, Zavialov P (2014) Ocean systems. In: Climate Change 2014: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part A: global and sectoral aspects. Contribution of Working Group ii to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. pp. 411-484

PwC (2016) Navigating the SDGs: a business guide to engaging with the UN Global Goals. PricewaterhouseCoopers, London

Reid MC, McKenzie FE (2016) The contribution of agricultural insecticide use to increasing insecticide resistance in African malaria vectors. Malar J 15:107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1162-4

Renn O (1999) A Model for an analytic—deliberative process in risk management. Environ Sci Technol 33:3049–3055. https://doi.org/10.1021/es981283m

Rogelj J, McCollum DL, Riahi K (2013) The UN’s ‘Sustainable Energy for All’ initiative is compatible with a warming limit of 2 [deg]C. Nat Clim Change 3:545–551. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1806

Schmidt S, Neumann B, Waweru Y, Durussel C, Unger S, Visbeck M (2017) SDG14 conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. In: Griggs DJ, Nilsson M, Stevance A-S, McCollum D (eds) A guide to SDG interactions: from science to implementation. International Council for Science, Paris, pp 174–218

Schwanitz VJ, Wierling A, Shah P (2017) Assessing the impact of renewable energy on regional sustainability-a comparative study of Sogn og Fjordane (Norway) and Okinawa (Japan). Sustainability 9:1969. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9111969

Singh GG, Cisneros-Montemayor AM, Swartz W, Cheung W, Guy JA, Kenny T-A, McOwen CJ, Asch R, Geffert JL, Wabnitz CCC, Sumaila R, Hanich Q, Ota Y (2017) A rapid assessment of co-benefits and trade-offs among sustainable development goals. Mar Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.05.030

Sovacool B, Heffron R, McCauley D, Goldthau A (2016) Energy decisions reframed as justice and ethical concerns. Nat Energy 1:16024. https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.24

Spalding MD, Meliane I, Bennett NJ, Dearden P, Patil PG, Brumbaugh RD (2016) Building towards the marine conservation end-game: consolidating the role of MPAs in a future ocean. Aquatic Conserv Mar Freshw Ecosyst 26:185–199. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2686

Speers AE, Besedin EY, Palardy JE, Moore C (2016) Impacts of climate change and ocean acidification on coral reef fisheries: an integrated ecological–economic model. Ecol Econ 128:33–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.04.012

Springmann M, Godfray HCJ, Rayner M, Scarborough P (2016) Analysis and valuation of the health and climate change cobenefits of dietary change. Proc Natl Acad Sci 113:4146–4151. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1523119113

Stafford-Smith M, Griggs D, Gaffney O, Ullah F, Reyers B, Kanie N, Stigson B, Shrivastava P, Leach M, O’Connell D (2016) Integration: the key to implementing the sustainable development goals. Sustain Sci 12:911–919. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-016-0383-3

Stojanovic TA, Farmer CJQ (2013) The development of world oceans & coasts and concepts of sustainability. Mar Policy 42:157–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.02.005

UNDESA (2015) Global Sustainable Development Report. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. New York. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/globalsdreport/2015 . Accessed 01 June 2018

UNEP (2009) Sustainable coastal tourism: an integrated planning and management approach. UNEP, Paris

UNICEF and WHO (2015) Progress on sanitation and drinking water: 2015 update and GDG assessment. World Health Organization, Geneva

United Nations Development Group (2017) Common country assessment UNDAF companion guidance. United Nations, New York

van Vuuren D, Kok M, van der Esch S, Jeuken M, Lucas P, Gerdien Prins A, Alkemade R, van den Berg M, Biermann F, van der Grijp N, Hilderink H, Kram T, Melamed C, Pattberg P, Scott A, Stehfest E, de Vries B, te Velde D-W, Wiggins S (2012) Roads from Rio + 20 Pathways to achieve global sustainability goals by 2050. Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague

Vandemoortele J (2011) If not the Millennium Development Goals, then what? Third World Quart 32:9–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2011.543809

Vargo J, Stone B, Habeeb D, Liu P, Russell A (2016) The social and spatial distribution of temperature-related health impacts from urban heat island reduction policies. Environ Sci Policy 66:366–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.08.012

Wang G-Z (2010) Reproductive health and gender equality: method, measurement, and implications. Routledge, London

Watts N, Amann M, Ayeb-Karlsson S, Belesova K, Bouley T, Boykoff M, Byass P, Cai W, Campbell-Lendrum D, Chambers J, Cox PM, Daly M, Dasandi N, Davies M, Depledge M, Depoux A, Dominguez-Salas P, Drummond P, Ekins P, Flahault A, Frumkin H, Georgeson L, Ghanei M, Grace D, Graham H, Grojsman R, Haines A, Hamilton I, Hartinger S, Johnson A, Kelman I, Kiesewetter G, Kniveton D, Liang L, Lott M, Lowe R, Mace G, Odhiambo Sewe M, Maslin M, Mikhaylov S, Milner J, Latifi AM, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrissey K, Murray K, Neville T, Nilsson M, Oreszczyn T, Owfi F, Pencheon D, Pye S, Rabbaniha M, Robinson E, Rocklöv J, Schütte S, Shumake-Guillemot J, Steinbach R, Tabatabaei M, Wheeler N, Wilkinson P, Gong P, Montgomery H, Costello A (2018) The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: from 25 years of inaction to a global transformation for public health. Lancet 391(10120):581–630. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32464-9

Weitz N, Nilsson M, Davis M (2014) A Nexus Approach to the Post-2015 Agenda: formulating integrated water, energy, and food SDGs. SAIS Rev Int Aff 34:37–50. https://doi.org/10.1353/sais.2014.0022

Weitz N, Carlsen H, Nilsson M, Skånberg K (2017) Towards systemic and contextual priority setting for implementing the 2030 Agenda. Sustainab Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-017-0470-0

Whitmee S, Haines A, Beyrer C, Boltz F, Capon AG, de Souza Dias BF, Ezeh A, Frumkin H, Gong P, Head P, Horton R, Mace GM, Marten R, Myers SS, Nishtar S, Osofsky SA, Pattanayak SK, Pongsiri MJ, Romanelli C, Soucat A, Vega J, Yach D (2015) Safeguarding human health in the Athropocene epoch: report of the Rockefeller Foundation-Lancet Commission on planetary health. Lancet 386:1973–2028. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60901-1

WHO (2011) Health in the Green Economy: health co-benefits of climate change mitigation—housing sector. World Health Organization, Geneva

WHO (2013) Research priorities for the environment, agriculture and infectious diseases of poverty: Technical Report of the TDR Disease Reference Group on Environment, Agriculture and Infectious Diseases of Poverty. World Health Organization, Geneva

WHO (2014a) WHO guidelines for indoor air quality: household fuel combustion. World Health Organization, Geneva

WHO (2014b) Quantitative risk assessment of the effects of climate change on selected causes of death, 2030 s and 2050s. World Health Organization, Geneva

WHO (2014c) Burden of disease from household air pollution for 2012. World Health Organization, Geneva

WHO (2016) A foundation to address equity, gender and human rights in the 2030 agenda: Progress in 2014–2015. World Health Organization, Geneva

Wichelns D (2017) The water-energy-food nexus: is the increasing attention warranted, from either a research or policy perspective? Environ Sci Policy 69:113–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.12.018

Wong PP, Losada IJ, Gattuso J-P, Hinkel J, Khattabi A, McInnes KL, Saito Y, Sallenger A (2014) Coastal systems and low-lying areas. In: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group ii to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, pp 361–409

World Bank (2008) World Development Report 2008: agriculture for development. World Bank Publications, Washington DC, USA

Zhang X, Davidson EA, Mauzerall DL, Searchinger TD, Dumas P, Shen Y (2015) Managing nitrogen for sustainable development. Nature 528:51–59. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15743

Zhou X, Moinuddin M (2017) Sustainable Development Goals Interlinkages and Network Analysis: A practical tool for SDG integration and policy coherence. Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Kanagawa, Japan