Managing fisheries is managing people: what has been learned?

Fish and Fisheries - Tập 8 Số 4 - Trang 285-296 - 2007
Ray Hilborn1
1School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA

Tóm tắt

AbstractUnderstanding the behaviour of fishermen is a key ingredient to successful fisheries management. The aggregate behaviour of fishing fleets can be predicted and managed with appropriate incentives. To determine appropriate incentives, we should look to successes to learn what works and what does not. In different fisheries incentive systems have been found to reduce the race‐for‐fish and make fisheries profitable, to stimulate stock rebuilding, to reduce bycatch, and to provide for reductions in illegal fishing. Yet, success can be evaluated in many dimensions, but is, in fact, rarely done – per cent overfished seems to be the dominant measure of performance. I evaluate the yield lost due to overfishing in several ecosystems and contrast the situation of North Atlantic cod where considerable yield is lost, to fisheries in New Zealand and the west coast of the USA where lost yield due to overfishing is very small. Much more systematic evaluation of the other aspects of fisheries performance is greatly needed. From examples explored in this paper I conclude that prevention of overfishing can be achieved with strong central governments enforcing conservative catch regulations, but economic success appears to require an appropriate incentive structure.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1007/BF01531640

10.1086/259394

10.1139/f06-072

10.1016/j.marpol.2004.12.003

Bray K., 2000, A global review of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, 56

10.1071/MF97141

Castilla J.C., 1998, Proceedings of the North Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock Assessment and Management

Cunningham S., 2005, Successful Fisheries Management Issues, Case Studies and Perspectives

10.1016/j.marpol.2005.07.002

10.1577/1548-8675(1989)009<0131:AOTIOI>2.3.CO;2

Dewees C., 1998, Effects of individual quota systems on British Columbia and New Zealand fisheries, Ecological Applications, 8, S133, 10.2307/2641371

Environmental Defense, 2007, Sustaining America’s fisheries and fishing communities; an evaluation of incentive‐based management

10.1073/pnas.0510964103

FAO, 2005, Review of the State of World Marine Fishery Resources

10.1007/BF01601953

Fujita R.M., 1996, Creating Incentives to Curb Overfishing, Applied Research & Public Policy, 11, 29

10.1139/f95-042

10.1093/beheco/6.2.146

González E., 1996, Territorial use rights in Chilean fisheries, Marine Resource Economics, 11, 211, 10.1086/mre.11.3.42629162

10.1139/f53-026

10.1086/257497

10.1139/f05-247

10.1111/j.1467-2979.2005.00183.x

Halliday R.G., 1996, North Atlantic fishery management systems: a comparison of management methods and resource trends, Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Science, 20, 1

10.1890/1051-0761(1998)8[S170:IFMEEI]2.0.CO;2

Hartley M., 2001, Case Studies on the Effects of Transferable Fishing Rights on Fleet Capacity and Concentration of Quota Ownership

10.1139/f85-001

Hilborn R., 2000, Why fishermen oppose stock rebuilding plans, National Fisherman, 7

Hilborn R., 2004, World Summit on Salmon, 261

10.1016/j.marpol.2006.05.014

10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[296:MTSBLF]2.0.CO;2

10.1007/BF02464833

10.1139/f79-058

10.1139/f85-007

10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105509

10.1098/rstb.2004.1569

10.1139/F06-115

10.1016/j.jeem.2005.04.005

10.1139/f06-049

10.1016/S0308-597X(98)00016-5

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.03.027

10.1146/annurev.es.09.110178.002025

Johannes R.E., 1981, Words of the Lagoon: Fishing and marine lore in the Palau district of Micronesia, 320, 10.1525/9780520321397

Kelleher K., 2005, Discards in the world’s marine fisheries. An update

10.2307/827765

Larkin P.A., 1988, The future of fisheries management – managing the fisherman, Fisheries, 13, 3

Macinko S., 2002, Who Owns America’s Fisheries?

McLoughlin K., 2006, Fishery Status Reports 2005: Status of Fish Stocks Managed by the Australian

10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98426.x

Millington P., 1984, The Fishermen as Predator: Numerical Responses of British Columbia Gillnet Fishermen to Salmon Abundance

National Research Council, 1998, Review of Northeast Fisheries Stock Assessments

National Research Council, 2003, Cooperative Research in the National Marine Fisheries Service

NMFS, 1999, Our Living Oceans. Report on the Status of U.S. Living Marine Resources

NMFS, 2004, Annual Report to Congress on the Status of U.S. Fisheries – 2003

10.1525/9780520376267

10.1017/CBO9780511807763

10.1126/science.279.5352.860

10.1038/nature01017

10.1139/f80-071

Pew Oceans Commission, 2003, America’s Living Oceans: Charting a Course for Sea Change: Summary Report: Recommendations for a New Ocean Policy

Prince J.D., 1998, Proceedings of the North Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock Assessment and Management, 125

Prince J., 1998, Proceedings of the North Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock Assessment and Management, 125

Stokes K., 2006, New Zealand's cost‐recovery regime for fisheries research services: an industry perspective, Bulletin of Marine Science, 78, 467

Tietze U., 2001, Techno‐economic performance of marine capture fisheries, 79

US Commission on Ocean Policy, 2004, An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century. Final report of the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy

10.1139/f79-123

10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[0162:MAOCSI]2.0.CO;2