Maintaining patients' improvements in a token economy

Behaviour Research and Therapy - Tập 17 - Trang 355-367 - 1979
Peter A. Elliott1, Fred Barlow1, Andrew Hooper1, Patricia E. Kingerlee1
1Area Department of Clinical Psychology, St. Crispin Hospital, Duston, Northampton, England

Tài liệu tham khảo

Atthowe, 1968, A preliminary report on the application of contingent reinforcement procedures (token economy) on a ‘chronic’ ward, J. abnorm. Psychol., 573, 37, 10.1037/h0025439 Ayllon, 1965, The measurement and reinforcement of behaviour of psychotics, J. exp. Analysis Behav., 3, 357, 10.1901/jeab.1965.8-357 Ayllon, 1968 Baker, 1974, A token economy project with chronic schizophrenic patients, Br. J. Psychiat., 124/3, 367, 10.1192/bjp.124.4.367 Baker, 1975, A controlled study or a token economy, Paper presented at British Association for Behavioural Psychotherapy Annual Conference Baker, 1977, Symptom changes in chronic schizophrenic patients on a token economy: a controlled experiment, Br. J. Psychiat., 131, 381, 10.1192/bjp.131.4.381 Birnbrauer, 1965, Classroom behaviour of retarded pupils with token reinforcement, J. exp. Child Psychol., 2, 219, 10.1016/0022-0965(65)90045-7 Burton, 1972, The Nurses Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE): A Normative and Reliability Study of a British Hospital Population Clark, 1972, The development of antilitter behaviour in a forest campground, J. appl. Behav. Analysis, 5, 1, 10.1901/jaba.1972.5-1 Cohen, 1968, Weighted kappa: nominal scale agreement with provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit, Psychol. Bull., 70, 213, 10.1037/h0026256 Cohen, 1972, The introduction of a token economy in a psychiatric ward with extremely withdrawn chronic schizophrenics, Behav. Res. Ther., 10, 69, 10.1016/0005-7967(72)90009-5 Crowley, 1975, Token programme in an acute psychiatric hospital, Am. J. Psychiat., 132, 523, 10.1176/ajp.132.5.523 Davis, 1973, Six month follow-up of hospital patients after termination of token economy programme, Newsl. Res. Ment. Hlth Behavl sci., 15, 2 Elliott, 1977, The effect of holidays on a token economy regime, Br. J. Psychiat., 130, 481, 10.1192/bjp.130.5.481 Elliott, 1978, Follow-up of token economy patients: an investigation of a potential response maintenance system Fernandez, 1973, Behaviour modification using token reinforcement, Ir. J. Psychol., 1, 34 Everett, 1974, The effects of token reinforcement procedure on bus ridership, J. appl. Behav. Analysis, 7, 1, 10.1901/jaba.1974.7-1 Gripp, 1971, A token economy programme evaluation with untreated control ward comparisons, Behav. Res. Ther., 9, 137, 10.1016/0005-7967(71)90071-4 Hall, 1974, Inter-rater reliability of ward rating scales, Br. J. Psychiat., 125, 248, 10.1192/bjp.125.3.248 Hall, 1977, A controlled evaluation of token economy procedures with chronic schizophrenic patients, Behav. Res. Ther., 15, 261, 10.1016/0005-7967(77)90023-7 Hamblin R.L., Buckholdt D., Perritor D., Kozloff M. and Blackwell L. Instructional Systems Programme. Central Midwestern Regional Hersen, 1972, A token reinforcement ward for young psychiatric patients, Am. J. Psychiat., 129, 142, 10.1176/ajp.129.2.228 Honigfeld, 1965, The Nurse's Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation: a new scale for measuring improvement in chronic schizophrenia, J. clin. Psychol., 21, 65, 10.1002/1097-4679(196501)21:1<65::AID-JCLP2270210122>3.0.CO;2-I Jones, 1975, Programming response maintenance after withdrawing token reinforcement, Behav. Ther., 6, 153, 10.1016/S0005-7894(75)80136-5 Lloyd, 1970, Performance on a token economy psychiatric ward: a two year summary, Behav. Res. Ther., 8, 1, 10.1016/0005-7967(70)90027-6 Lorr, 1960, The Psychotic Reaction Profile, J. clin. Psychol., 16, 241, 10.1002/1097-4679(196007)16:3<241::AID-JCLP2270160305>3.0.CO;2-F Lorr, 1961 Melin, 1973, A contingency management programme on a drug free unit for intra-venous amphetamine addicts, J. Behav. Ther. exp. Psychiat., 4, 331, 10.1016/0005-7916(73)90003-7 Metz, 1965, Conditioning generalised imitation in autistic children, J. exp. Child Psychol., 2, 389, 10.1016/0022-0965(65)90023-8 Miller, 1973, Identification of effective reinforcers in a token economy for male adolescent retardates, Vol. 4 Mumford, 1975, Report on the introduction of a token economy ward programme for chronic schizophrenic patients, Br. J. Psychiat., 126, 50, 10.1192/bjp.126.1.60 Narrol, 1967, Experimental application of reinforcement principles to the analysis and treatment of hospitalised alcoholics, Q. J. Stud. Alcohol, 28, 105, 10.15288/qjsa.1967.28.105 O'Leary, 1967, Behaviour modification of an adjustment class: a token reinforcement programme, Exceptional Children, 9, 637, 10.1177/001440296703300905 O'Leary, 1969, A token reinforcement programme in a public school: a replication and systematic analysis, J. appl. Behav. Anal., 2, 3, 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-3 Phillips, 1968, Achievement place: token reinforcement procedures in a homestyle rehabilitation setting for ‘pre-delinquent’ boys, J. appl. Behav. Anal., 1, 213, 10.1901/jaba.1968.1-213 Phillips, 1971, Achievement place: modification of the behaviours of ‘pre-delinquent’ boys with a token economy, J. appl. Behav. Anal., 4, 45, 10.1901/jaba.1971.4-45 Ribes-Inesta, 1973, An experimental evaluation of tokens as conditioned reinforcers in retarded children, Behav. Res. Ther., 11, 125, 10.1016/0005-7967(73)90075-2 Schwartz, 1975, A comparison of a token economy with standard inpatient treatment, J. consult. clin. Psychol., 43, 107, 10.1037/h0076335 Spencer, 1973, Effects of systematic social and token reinforcement on the modification of racial and colour concept attitudes in black and in white preschool childre, Devl Psychol., 9, 246, 10.1037/h0035088 Stuart, 1969, Token reinforcement in marital treatment Stuart, 1969, Operant interpersonal treatment for marital discord, J. consult. clin. Psychol., 33, 675, 10.1037/h0028475 Tuft, 1973, Locus of control in institutionalised male Juvenile offenders, J. Commun. Psychol., 1, 198, 10.1002/1520-6629(197304)1:2<198::AID-JCOP2290010212>3.0.CO;2-B