Magnetite pollution nanoparticles in the human brain

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - Tập 113 Số 39 - Trang 10797-10801 - 2016
Barbara A. Maher1, Imad A. M. Ahmed2, Vassil Karloukovski1, Donald A. MacLaren3, Penelope Foulds4, David Allsop4, David M. A. Mann5, Ricardo Torres‐Jardón6, Lilian Calderón‐Garcidueñas7,8
1Centre for Environmental Magnetism and Palaeomagnetism, Lancaster Environment Centre, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3AN, United Kingdom
3Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom;
4Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom;
5Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Pyschology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M6 8HD, United Kingdom;
6Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04310, Mexico;
7Neurotoxicology Laboratory, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812;
8Universidad del Valle de México, Mexico City 04850, Mexico

Tóm tắt

SignificanceWe identify the abundant presence in the human brain of magnetite nanoparticles that match precisely the high-temperature magnetite nanospheres, formed by combustion and/or friction-derived heating, which are prolific in urban, airborne particulate matter (PM). Because many of the airborne magnetite pollution particles are <200 nm in diameter, they can enter the brain directly through the olfactory nerve and by crossing the damaged olfactory unit. This discovery is important because nanoscale magnetite can respond to external magnetic fields, and is toxic to the brain, being implicated in production of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Because enhanced ROS production is causally linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, exposure to such airborne PM-derived magnetite nanoparticles might need to be examined as a possible hazard to human health.

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Tập 113 Số 39

10797-10801

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