Magnetic equivalent circuit of MF transformers: modeling and parameter uncertainties

Leibl M, Ortiz G, Kolar JW (2017) Design and experimental analysis of a medium frequency transformer for solid-state transformer applications. IEEE Trans Emerg Sel Top Power Electron 5(1):110–123 Kieferndorf F, Drofenik U, Agostini F, Canales F (2016) Modular PET, two-phase air-cooled converter cell design and performance evaluation with 1.7kV IGBTs for MV applications. In: Proceedings of the IEEE applied power electronics conference and exposition (APEC), pp 472–479 Zhao S, Li Q, Lee FC (2017) High frequency transformer design for modular power conversion from medium voltage AC to 400 V DC. In: Proceedings of the IEEE applied power electronics conference and exposition (APEC), pp 2894–2901 Guillod T, Krismer F, Kolar JW (2017) Electrical shielding of MV/MF transformers subjected to high d\(v\)/d\(t\) PWM voltages. In: Proceedings of the IEEE applied power electronics conference and exposition (APEC), pp 2502–2510 Mühlethaler J (2012) Modeling and multi-objective optimization of inductive power components. Ph.D. thesis, ETH Zürich Valchev VC, Van den Bossche A (2005) Inductors and transformers for power electronics. CRC Press, Boca Raton Ferreira JA (2013) Electromagnetic modelling of power electronic converters. Springer, Berlin Guillod T, Färber R, Krismer F, Franck CM, Kolar JW (2016) Computation and analysis of dielectric losses in MV power electronic converter insulation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE energy conversion congress and exposition (ECCE), pp 1–8 Guillod T, Huber J, Krismer F, Kolar JW (2017) Wire losses: effects of twisting imperfections. In: Proceedings of the workshop on control and modeling for power electronics (COMPEL), pp 1–8 Venkatachalam K, Sullivan CR, Abdallah T, Tacca H (2002) Accurate prediction of ferrite core loss with nonsinusoidal waveforms using only steinmetz parameters. In: Proceedings of the IEEE workshop on computers in power electronics, pp 36–41 Kleinrath H (1993) Ersatzschaltbilder für Transformatoren und Asynchronmaschinen (in German). In: e&i 110(1), pp 68–74 McLyman WT (2004) Transformer and inductor design handbook. CRC Press, Boca Raton Kasper M, Burkart RM, Deboy G, Kolar JW (2016) ZVS of power MOSFETs revisited. IEEE Trans Power Electron 31(12):8063–8067 Schwarz FC (1970) A method of resonant current pulse modulation for power converters. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 17(3):209–221 De Doncker RWAA, Divan DM, Kheraluwala MH (1991) A three-phase soft-switched high-power-density DC/DC converter for high-power applications. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 27(1):63–73 Dai N, Lee FC (1994) Edge effect analysis in a high-frequency transformer. In: Proceedings of the IEEE power electronics specialists conference (PESC), pp 850–855 Meinhardt M, Duffy M, O’Donnell T, O’Reilly S, Flannery J, Mathuna CO (1999) New method for integration of resonant inductor and transformer-design, realisation, measurements. In: Proceedings of the IEEE applied power electronics conference and exposition (APEC), pp 1168–1174 Oliveira LMR, Cardoso AJM (2015) Leakage inductances calculation for power transformers interturn fault studies. IEEE Trans Power Del 30(3):1213–1220 Muhlethaler J, Kolar JW, Ecklebe A (2011) A novel approach for 3D air gap reluctance calculations. In: Proceedings of the IEEE energy conversion congress and exposition (ECCE Asia), pp 446–452 Van den Bossche A, Valchev VC, Filchev R (2002) Improved approximation for fringing permeances in gapped inductors. In: Proceedings of the IEEE industry applications conference, pp 932–938 Ouyang Z, Zhang J, Hurley WG (2015) Calculation of leakage inductance for high-frequency transformers. IEEE Trans Power Electron 30(10):5769–5775 Morris AL (1940) The influence of various factors upon the leakage reactance of transformers. J Inst Electri Eng 86(521):485–495 Doebbelin R, Benecke M, Lindemann A (2008) Calculation of leakage inductance of core-type transformers for power electronic circuits. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international power electronics and motion control conference (PEMC), pp 1280–1286 Ouyang Z, Thomsen OC, Andersen MAE (2009) The analysis and comparison of leakage inductance in different winding arrangements for planar transformer. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference power electronics and drive systems (PEDS), pp 1143–1148 Urling AM, Niemela VA, Skutt GR, Wilson TG (1989) Characterizing high-frequency effects in transformer windings—a guide to several significant articles. In: Proceedings of the IEEE applied power electronics conference and exposition (APEC), pp 373–385 Mühlethaler J, Kolar JW (2012) Optimal design of inductive components based on accurate loss and thermal models. In: Tutorial at the IEEE applied power electronics conference and exposition (APEC) Doebbelin R, Teichert C, Benecke M, Lindemann A (2009) Computerized calculation of leakage inductance values of transformers. Piers Online 5(8):721–726 AlLee G, Tschudi W (2012) Edison Redux: 380 Vdc brings reliability and efficiency to sustainable data centers. IEEE Power Energy Mag 10(6):50–59 Pratt A, Kumar P, Aldridge TV (2007) Evaluation of 400 V DC distribution in telco and data centers to improve energy efficiency. In: Proceedings of the IEEE telecommunications energy conference (INTELEC), pp 32–39 Burkart RM, Kolar JW (2017) Comparative \(\eta \)-\(\rho \)-\(\sigma \) pareto optimization of Si and SiC multilevel dual-active-bridge topologies with wide input voltage range. IEEE Trans Power Electron 32(7):5258–5270 Binns KJ, Lawrenson PJ (1973) Analysis and computation of electric and magnetic field problems. Elsevier, Amsterdam Leuenberger D, Biela J (2015) Accurate and computationally efficient modeling of flyback transformer parasitics and their influence on converter losses. In: Proceedings of the European conference on power electronics and applications (EPE), pp 1–10 Eslamian M, Vahidi B (2012) New methods for computation of the inductance matrix of transformer windings for very fast transients studies. IEEE Trans Power Del 27(4):2326–2333 Lambert M, Sirois F, Martinez-Duro M, Mahseredjian J (2013) Analytical calculation of leakage inductance for low-frequency transformer modeling. IEEE Trans Power Del 28(1):507–515 Skutt GR, Lee FC, Ridley R, Nicol D (1994) Leakage inductance and termination effects in a high-power planar magnetic structure. In: Proceedings of the IEEE applied power electronics conference and exposition (APEC), pp 295–301 Bahl IJ (2003) Lumped elements for RF and microwave circuits. Artech House Microwave Library, Artech House Rao SS (2011) The finite element method in engineering. Elsevier, Amsterdam Sobol IM (1994) A primer for the Monte Carlo method. CRC Press, Boca Raton Scholz F (1995) Tolerance stack analysis methods. In: Research and technology: boeing information, pp 1–44 Andrews LC (1992) Special functions of mathematics for engineers. Oxford Science Publications, Oxford Agilent Technologies: Agilent 4294A precision impedance analyzer, operation manual (2003) ed-k: Power choke tester DPG10-series (2017) Hayes JG, O’Donovan N, Egan MG, O’Donnell T (2003) Inductance characterization of high-leakage transformers. In: Proceedings of the IEEE applied power electronics conference and exposition (APEC), pp 1150–1156 Omicron lab: Bode 100, User manual (2010) Omicron lab: B-WIC & B-SMC, Impedance test adapters (2014) Quarteroni A, Saleri F (2012) Scientific computing with MATLAB. Texts in computational science and engineering. Springer, Berlin Hurley WG, Duffy MC, Zhang J, Lope I, Kunz B, Wölfle WH (2015) A unified approach to the calculation of self- and mutual-inductance for coaxial coils in air. IEEE Trans Power Electron 30(11):6155–6162 Bosshard R, Guillod T, Kolar JW (2017) Electromagnetic field patterns and energy flux of efficiency optimal inductive power transfer systems. bIn Electric Eng 99(3):969–977