Magnesium deficiency prolongs myocardial stunning in an open-chest swine model

Bolli, 1990, Mechanism of myocardial “stunning”, Circulation, 82, 723, 10.1161/01.CIR.82.3.723 Bolli, 1988, Time-course and determinants of recovery of function after reversible ischemia in conscious dogs, Am J Physiol, 254, H102 Heyndrickx, 1975, Regional myocardial functional and electrophysiological alterations after brief coronary artery occlusion in conscious dogs, J Clin Invest, 56, 978, 10.1172/JCI108178 Opie, 1989, Reperfusion injury and its pharmacologic modification, Circulation, 80, 1049, 10.1161/01.CIR.80.4.1049 Kusuoka, 1993, Role of altered calcium homeostasis in stunned myocardium, 197 Hammond, 1985, The oxygen free radical system: potential mediator of myocardial injury, J Am Coll Cardiol, 6, 215, 10.1016/S0735-1097(85)80278-3 Bolli, 1992, Myocardial stunning in man, Circulation, 86, 1671, 10.1161/01.CIR.86.6.1671 Hearse, 1978, Myocardial protection during ischaemic cardiac arrest: the importance of magnesium in cardioplegia solutions, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 75, 877, 10.1016/S0022-5223(19)39603-5 Altura, 1988, Ischemic heart disease and magnesium, Magnesium, 7, 57 Eisenberg, 1991, Magnesium deficiency and sudden death, Am Heart J, 124, 544, 10.1016/0002-8703(92)90633-7 Freedman, 1990, Magnesium deficiency-induced cardiomyopathy: protection by vitamin E, Biochem Biophys Res Comm, 170, 1102, 10.1016/0006-291X(90)90506-I Korpela, 1991, Hypothesis: increased calcium and decreased magnesium in heart muscle and liver of pigs dying suddenly of microangiopathy (mulberry heart disease): an animal model for the study of oxidative damage, J Amer Coll Nutr, 10, 127, 10.1080/07315724.1991.10718136 Freedman, 1991, Captopril protects against myocardial injury induced by magnesium deficiency, Hypertension, 18, 142, 10.1161/01.HYP.18.2.142 Mak, 1992, Antioxidant effects of calcium channel blockers against free radical injury in endothelial cells. Correlation of protection with preservation of glutathione levels, Circ Res, 70, 1099, 10.1161/01.RES.70.6.1099 Hartley, 1983, Doppler measurement of myocardial thickening with a single epicardial transducer, Am J Physiol, 245, H1066 Mergner, 1991, Postischemic free radical production in the venous blood of the regionally ischemic swine heart, Circulation, 84, 2079, 10.1161/01.CIR.84.5.2079 Bolli, 1989, Direct evidence that oxygenderived free radicals contribute to postischemic myocardial dysfunction in the intact dog, 86, 4695 Romaschin, 1987, Conjugated dienes in ischemic and reperfused myocardium: an in vivo chemical signature of oxygen free radical mediated injury, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 19, 289, 10.1016/S0022-2828(87)80596-5 Blaustein, 1989, Myocardial glutathione depletion impairs recovery after short periods of ischemia, Circulation, 80, 1449, 10.1161/01.CIR.80.5.1449 Brown, 1991, Magnesium ion is beneficial in hypothermic crystalloid cardioplegia, Ann Thorac Surg, 51, 359, 10.1016/0003-4975(91)90845-H Teo, 1991, Effects of intravenous magnesium in suspected acute myocardial infarction: overview over randomized trials, Br Med J, 301, 1499, 10.1136/bmj.303.6816.1499 Aksnes, 1992, Characteristics and development of myocardial stunning in the pig, Am J Physiol, 263, H544 Fedor, 1978, Coronary and transmural myocardial blood flow responses in awake domestic pigs, Am J Physiol, 235, H435 Stahl, 1986, Selective enhancement of function of stunned myocardium by increased flow, Circulation, 74, 843, 10.1161/01.CIR.74.4.843 Meister, 1992, On the antioxidant effects of ascorbic acid and glutathione, Biochem Pharmacol, 44, 1905, 10.1016/0006-2952(92)90091-V Bauer, 1989, Glutathione alters calcium responsiveness of cardiac skinned fibers, Basic Res Cardiol, 84, 591, 10.1007/BF01906944 Krause, 1989, Alterations in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium transport in the postischemic “stunned” myocardium, Circ Res, 65, 526, 10.1161/01.RES.65.2.526 Kaneko, 1989, Depression of heart sarcolemmal Ca+2-pump activity by free radicals, Am J Physiol, 256, H368 Borchgrevink, 1989, Magnesium and reperfusion of ischemic rat heart as assessed by P-NMR, Am J Physiol, 256, H438 Kirkels, 1989, Intracellular magnesium during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion: possible consequences for postischemic recovery, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 21, 1209, 10.1016/0022-2828(89)90697-4 du Toit, 1992, Modulation of severity of reperfusion stunning in the isolated rat heart by agents altering calcium flux at onset of reperfusion, Circ Res, 70, 960, 10.1161/01.RES.70.5.960