MICROBIALPOPULATIONSRESPONSIBLE FORSPECIFICSOILSUPPRESSIVENESS TOPLANTPATHOGENS

Annual Review of Phytopathology - Tập 40 Số 1 - Trang 309-348 - 2002
David M. Weller1, Jos M. Raaijmakers2, Brian B. McSpadden Gardener3, Linda S. Thomashow1
1USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Root Disease and Biological Control Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6430;
2Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 9, P.O. Box 8025, 6700 EE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
3Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, OARDC, Wooster, Ohio 44691-4096;

Tóm tắt

▪ Abstract  Agricultural soils suppressive to soilborne plant pathogens occur worldwide, and for several of these soils the biological basis of suppressiveness has been described. Two classical types of suppressiveness are known. General suppression owes its activity to the total microbial biomass in soil and is not transferable between soils. Specific suppression owes its activity to the effects of individual or select groups of microorganisms and is transferable. The microbial basis of specific suppression to four diseases, Fusarium wilts, potato scab, apple replant disease, and take-all, is discussed. One of the best-described examples occurs in take-all decline soils. In Washington State, take-all decline results from the buildup of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. that produce the antifungal metabolite 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol. Producers of this metabolite may have a broader role in disease-suppressive soils worldwide. By coupling molecular technologies with traditional approaches used in plant pathology and microbiology, it is possible to dissect the microbial composition and complex interactions in suppressive soils.

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