Lower Respiratory Tract Disease

Aguilera-Tejero, 1995, Autologous blood instillation alters respiratory mechanics in horses, Equine Vet J, 27, 46, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb03031.x

Anderson, 1985, Mononuclear phagocytes of transportstressed horses with viral respiratory tract infection, Am J Vet Res, 46, 2272

Bocci, 1991, Absorption of cytokines via oropharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissues, Clin Pharmacokinet, 21, 411, 10.2165/00003088-199121060-00002

Burrell, 1985, Endoscopic and virological observations on respiratory disease in a group of young Thoroughbred horses in training, Equine Vet J, 17, 99, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02059.x

Carrick, 1994, Eosinophilic pneumonia in a four-month-old Quarter Horse foal, Compendium Continuing Educ Practicing Vet, 16, 1207

Clarke, 1987, Chronic pulmonary disease—A multifaceted disease complex in the horse, Irish Vet J, 41, 258

Darien, 1994, Eosinophilic pneumonitis in foals and horses, Compendium Continuing Educ Practicing Vet, 16, 1210

Derksen, 1987, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 596

Derksen, 1990, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 223

Derksen, 1995, Update on exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage, 13th American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine Forum, 399

Derksen, 1989, Comparison of transtracheal aspirate and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology in 50 horses with chronic lung disease, Equine Vet J, 21, 23, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02084.x

Derksen, 1985, Airway reactivity in ponies with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves), J Appl Physiol, 58, 598, 10.1152/jappl.1985.58.2.598

Derksen, 1985, Bronchoalveolar lavage in ponies with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves), Am Rev Respir Dis, 132, 1066

Derkson, 1991, Respiratory roundtable discussion part I: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Equine Practice, 13, 25

Derkson, 1991, Respiratory roundtable discussion part II: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Equine Practice, 13, 29

Derksen, 1985, Bronchoalveolar lavage in ponies with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves), Am Rev Respir Dis, 132, 1066

Dillon, 1972, Diagnosis and treatment of upper respiratory disease in the Thoroughbred, Proceedings of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, 18, 443

Doucet, 1994, Alveolar macrophage graded hemosiderin score from bronchoalveolar lavage in horses with EIPH and controls, 13th Veterinary Respiratory Symposium, A7

Erickson, 1993, Physiological mechanisms of EIPH and interactions of furosemide and phenylbutazone, International EIPH conference, 31

Fogarty, 1990, A bronchoalveolar lavage technique for routine diagnostic purposes, Equine Vet J, 2, 102, 10.1111/j.2042-3292.1990.tb01400.x

Fogarty, 1991, Bronchoalveolar lavage findings in horses with exercise intolerance, Equine Vet J, 23, 434, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03756.x

Halliwell, 1993, Local and systemic antibody production in horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 38, 201, 10.1016/0165-2427(93)90081-E

Hare, 1994, Effect of sodium cromoglycate on light racehorses with elevated metachromatic cell numbers on bronchoalveolar lavage, J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 17, 237, 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1994.tb00239.x

Hoffman AM: Small airway inflammatory disease in equids. 13th American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine Forum, 1995, p 754

Jones, 1992, Left atrial and pulmonary arterial pressures in exercising horses, FASEB J, 6, A2020

Jones, 1993, Why do horses bleed? Source and cause of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses, International EIPH Conference, 1, 22

Keadle, 1993, Acute exercise stress modulates immune function in unfit horses, J Equine Vet Sci, 13, 226, 10.1016/S0737-0806(06)81019-1

Kurcz, 1988, The effect of intense exercise on the cell-mediated immune response of horses, Equine Vet J, 8, 237, 10.1016/S0737-0806(88)80015-7

Lapointe, 1994, Effects of centrifugation and specimen preparation technique on bronchoalveolar lavage analysis in horses, Equine Vet J, 26, 227, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1994.tb04374.x

Lapointe, 1994, A survey of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Quebec Standardbred racehorses, Equine Vet J, 26, 482, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1994.tb04054.x

Larson, 1985, Equine tracheobronchial lavage: Comparison of lavage cytology and pulmonary histopathologic findings, Am J Vet Res, 46, 144

MacNamara, 1990, Endoscopic evaluation of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in association with poor performance in racing standardbreds, J Am Vet Med Assoc, 196, 443, 10.2460/javma.1990.196.03.443

Mair, 1987, Value of tracheal aspirates in the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary diseases in the horse, Equine Vet J, 19, 463, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1987.tb02645.x

Mair, 1987, Cellular content of secretions obtained by lavage from different levels of the equine respiratory tract, Equine Vet J, 19, 458, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1987.tb02644.x

Manohar, 1993, Pulmonary vascular pressures in maximally exercising Thoroughbreds: Effects of furosemide without and with cyclooxygenase blockade, International EIPH Conference, 1, 30

Manohar, 1994, Pulmonary vascular pressure of Thoroughbreds increases rapidly and to a higher level with rapid onset of high-intensity exercise than slow onset, Equine Vet J, 26, 496, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1994.tb04057.x

Manohar, 1994, Furosemide attenuates the exercise-induced rise in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in horses, Equine Vet J, 26, 51, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1994.tb04331.x

McGorum, 1993, Phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid lymphocytes in control and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease affected horses, before and after “natural (hay and straw) challenges”, Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 36, 207, 10.1016/0165-2427(93)90020-5

McGorum, 1993, Responses of horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to inhalation challenges with mould antigens, Equine Vet J, 25, 261, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1993.tb02960.x

McGorum, 1993, Comparison of cellular and molecular components of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid harvested from different segments of the equine lung, Res Vet Sci, 55, 57, 10.1016/0034-5288(93)90034-D

McKane, 1993, Equine bronchoalveolar lavage cytology: Survey of Thoroughbred racehorses in training, Aust Vet J, 70, 401, 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1993.tb06072.x

McKane, 1993, Relationships between bronchoalveolar lavage cytology and gas exchange during exercise in racehorses presented for poor racing performance, International Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage Conference, 13

Moore, 1995, Changes in airway inflammatory cell populations in Standardbred racehorses after interferon-alpha administration, Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 49, 347, 10.1016/0165-2427(95)05480-4

Moore, 1995, Cytologic evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from Standardbred racehorses with inflammatory airway disease, Am J Vet Res, 56, 562, 10.2460/ajvr.1995.56.05.562

Naylor, 1992, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Usefulness of clinical signs, bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung biopsy as diagnostic and prognostic aids, Can Vet J, 33, 591

O’Callaghan, 1987, Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in the horse: Results of a detailed clinical, post-mortem and imaging study, III: Subgross findings in lungs subjected to latex perfusions of the bronchial and pulmonary arteries, Equine Vet J, 19, 394, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1987.tb02629.x

O’Callaghan, 1987, Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in the horse: Results of a detailed clinical, post-mortem and imaging study, II: Gross lung pathology, Equine Vet J, 19, 389, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1987.tb02628.x

O’Callaghan, 1987, Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in the horse: Results of a detailed clinical, post-mortem and imaging study, V: Microscopic observations, Equine Vet J, 19, 411, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1987.tb02632.x

Olsen, 1992, Influence of furosemide on hemodynamic responses during exercise in horses, Am J Vet Res, 53, 742, 10.2460/ajvr.1992.53.05.742

Pascoe, 1985, Efficacy of furosemide in the treatment of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in Thoroughbred racehorses, Am J Vet Res, 46, 2000

Pelletier, 1994, Regional differences in endothelium-mediated arterial dilation in horse lungs: A possible gravity-independent determinant of pulmonary blood flow?, 13th Veterinary Respiratory Symposium, 1, A1

Raker, 1978, Pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia in the horse, J Equine Med Surg, 2, 202

Raphel, 1982, Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in Thoroughbreds after racing and breezing, Am J Vet Res, 43, 1123

Reynolds, 1987, Bronchoalveolar lavage, Am Rev Respir Dis, 135, 250

Robinson, 1981, Small airway obstruction as a cause of exercise associated pulmonary hemorrhage: A hypothesis, American Association of Equine Practitioners, 421

Robinson, 1993, The airway response of horses with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves) to aerosol administration of ipratropium bromide, Equine Vet J, 25, 299, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1993.tb02967.x

Rossdale, 1985, Epidemiological study of wastage among racehorses 1982 and 1983, Vet Rec, 116, 66, 10.1136/vr.116.3.66

Smith, 1994, Endoscopic anatomy and map of the equine bronchial tree, Equine Vet J, 26, 283, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1994.tb04388.x

Speirs, 1982, Pulmonary hemorrhage in Standardbred horses after racing, Aust Vet J, 59, 38, 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1982.tb02712.x

Stanton, 1990, Modulation of a natural virus defense system by low concentrations of interferons at mucosal surfaces, J Interferon Res, S1, S99

Stanton, 1989, Protection of mice from Semliki Forest virus infection by lymphocytes treated with low levels of interferon, Mol Biother, 1, 305

Stanton, 1987, Interferon review, Invest Radiol, 22, 259, 10.1097/00004424-198703000-00017

Sweeney, 1991, Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage, Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 7, 93, 10.1016/S0749-0739(17)30518-7

Sweeney, 1991, Bronchoalveolar lavage, 55

Sweeney, 1992, Cytologic findings of tracheobronchial aspirates from 66 Thoroughbred racehorses, Am J Vet Res, 53, 1172, 10.2460/ajvr.1992.53.7.1172

Sweeney, 1994, Effect of prior lavage on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell population of lavaged and unlavaged lung segments in horses, Am J Vet Res, 55, 1501, 10.2460/ajvr.1994.55.11.1501

Sweeney, 1984, Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in Thoroughbred horses: Response to furosemide or hesperidin-citrus bioflavinoids, J Am Vet Med Assoc, 185, 195

Sweeney, 1990, Effects of furosemide on the racing time of Thoroughbreds, Am J Vet Res, 51, 772, 10.2460/ajvr.1990.51.05.772

Tesarowski, 1994, The rapid and effective administration of a ß2-agonist to horses with heaves using a compact inhalation device and metereddose inhalers, Can Vet J, 35, 170

Thorsen, 1983, Influenza hemagglutination inhibiting activity in respiratory mucus from horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders (heaves syndrome), Can J Comp Med, 47, 332

Traub-Dargatz, 1992, Evaluation of clinical signs of disease, bronchoalveolar and tracheal wash analysis, and arterial blood gas tension in 13 horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with prednisone, methyl sulfonmethane, and clenbuterol hydrochloride, Am J Vet Res, 53, 1908, 10.2460/ajvr.1992.53.10.1908

Tyler, 1993, Morphological effects of autologous blood or saline in airspaces of equine lungs, International EIPH Conference, 1, 16

Viel, 1983

Weigent, 1984, Interferon-induced transfer of viral resistance by human B and T lymphocytes, Cell Immunol, 87, 678, 10.1016/0008-8749(84)90035-2

West, 1993, Stress failure of pulmonary capillaries in racehorses with exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage, J Appl Physiol, 75, 1097, 10.1152/jappl.1993.75.3.1097

Wisner, 1993, Radiographic and microscopic correlation of diffuse interstitial and bronchointerstitial pulmonary patterns in the caudodorsal lung of adult Thoroughbred horses in race training, Equine Vet J, 25, 293, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1993.tb02966.x

Wong, 1990, Effect of stenuous exercise stress on chemiluminescence response of equine alveolar macrophages, Equine Vet J, 22, 33, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1990.tb04200.x

Wood, 1993, Streptococci and Pasteurella spp. associated with disease of the equine lower respiratory tract, Equine Vet J, 25, 314, 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1993.tb02970.x

Zink, 1984, Cellular constituents of clinically normal foal bronchoalveolar lavage fluid during postnatal maturation, Am J Vet Res, 45, 893