Low or Moderate Dietary Energy Restriction for Long‐term Weight Loss: What Works Best?

Obesity - Tập 17 Số 11 - Trang 2019-2024 - 2009
Sai Krupa Das1, Edward Saltzman1, Cheryl H. Gilhooly1, James P. DeLany2, Julie K. Golden1, Anastassios G. Pittas3, Gerard E. Dallal1, Manjushri Bhapkar4, Paul Fuss1, Chhanda Dutta5, Megan A. McCrory6, Susan B. Roberts1
1Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
2Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA
3Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
4Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
5Clinical Gerontology Branch, National Institute of Aging, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
6Department of Foods and Nutrition, Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA

Tóm tắt

Theoretical calculations suggest that small daily reductions in energy intake can cumulatively lead to substantial weight loss, but experimental data to support these calculations are lacking. We conducted a 1‐year randomized controlled pilot study of low (10%) or moderate (30%) energy restriction (ER) with diets differing in glycemic load in 38 overweight adults (mean ± s.d., age 35 ± 6 years; BMI 27.6 ± 1.4 kg/m2). Food was provided for 6 months and self‐selected for 6 additional months. Measurements included body weight, resting metabolic rate (RMR), adherence to the ER prescription assessed using 2H218O, satiety, and eating behavior variables. The 10%ER group consumed significantly less energy (by 2H218O) than prescribed over 12 months (18.1 ± 9.8%ER, P = 0.04), while the 30%ER group consumed significantly more (23.1 ± 8.7%ER, P < 0.001). Changes in body weight, satiety, and other variables were not significantly different between groups. However, during self‐selected eating (6–12 months) variability in % weight change was significantly greater in the 10%ER group (P < 0.001) and poorer weight outcome on 10%ER was predicted by higher baseline BMI and greater disinhibition (P < 0.0001; adj R2 = 0.71). Weight loss at 12 months was not significantly different between groups prescribed 10 or 30%ER, supporting the efficacy of low ER recommendations. However, long‐term weight change was more variable on 10%ER and weight change in this group was predicted by body size and eating behavior. These preliminary results indicate beneficial effects of low‐level ER for some but not all individuals in a weight control program, and suggest testable approaches for optimizing dieting success based on individualizing prescribed level of ER.

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Obesity

Tập 17 Số 11

2019-2024

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