Low levels of very-long-chainn-3 PUFA in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) diet reduce fish robustness under challenging conditions in sea cages

Journal of Nutritional Science - Tập 6 - 2017
Marta Bou1,2, Gerd Marit Berge3, Grete Bæverfjord3, Trygve Sigholt4, Tone‐Kari Østbye2, Bente Ruyter1,2
1Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1430 Ås, Norway
2Nofima, Norwegian institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture research, PO Box 210, N-1432 Ås, Norway
3Nofima, N-6600 Sunndalsøra, Norway
4Biomar AS, N-7484 Trondheim, Norway

Tóm tắt

AbstractThe present study aimed to determine the minimum requirements of the essentialn-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) that can secure their health under challenging conditions in sea cages. Individually tagged Atlantic salmon were fed 2, 10 and 17 g/kg of EPA + DHA from 400 g until slaughter size (about 3·5 kg). The experimental fish reared in sea cages were subjected to the challenging conditions typically experienced under commercial production. Salmon receiving the lowest EPA + DHA levels showed lower growth rates in the earlier life stages, but no significant difference in final weights at slaughter. The fatty acid composition of various tissues and organs had remarkably changed. The decreased EPA + DHA in the different tissue membrane phospholipids were typically replaced by pro-inflammatoryn-6 fatty acids, most markedly in the skin. The EPA + DHA levels were maintained at a higher level in the liver and erythrocytes than in the muscle, intestine and skin. After delousing at high water temperatures, the mortality rates were 63, 52 and 16 % in the salmon fed 2, 10 and 17 g/kg EPA + DHA. Low EPA + DHA levels also increased the liver, intestinal and visceral fat amount, reduced intervertebral space and caused mid-intestinal hyper-vacuolisation. Thus, 10 g/kg EPA + DHA in the Atlantic salmon diet, a level previously regarded as sufficient, was found to be too low to maintain fish health under demanding environmental conditions in sea cages.

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Journal of Nutritional Science

Tập 6

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