Biến động nhiệt độ bề mặt biển lâu dài ở eo biển Đài Loan

Climatic Change - Tập 124 - Trang 821-834 - 2014
Igor M. Belkin1, Ming-An Lee2,3
1Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, USA
2Department of Environmental Biology and Fishery Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Republic of China
3Center of Excellence for Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Republic of China

Tóm tắt

Biến động lâu dài của nhiệt độ bề mặt biển (SST) ở eo biển Đài Loan đã được nghiên cứu dựa trên tập dữ liệu khí hậu HadISST1 của Trung tâm Khí tượng Hadley, Vương quốc Anh. Trong thời gian từ 1957 đến 2011, ba giai đoạn đã được xác định. Giai đoạn đầu tiên của sự lạnh đi của SST kéo dài đến năm 1976. Sự chuyển đổi chế độ từ năm 1976 đến 1977 đã dẫn đến sự nóng lên cực nhanh, đạt 2,1 °C trong vòng 22 năm. Một sự chuyển đổi chế độ khác đã xảy ra vào năm 1998-1999, với sự lạnh đi 1,0 °C vào năm 2011. Độ dốc giao nhau giữa dòng nước ven bờ Trung Quốc và nước ngoài của eo biển Đài Loan đã giảm mạnh vào năm 1992 và duy trì ở mức thấp cho đến năm 2011. Sự nóng lên lâu dài của SST đã gia tăng hướng về phía biển Hoa Đông, nơi mà sự nóng lên SST trong giai đoạn 1957-2011 gấp khoảng ba lần so với biển Đông. Sự nóng lên lâu dài tăng cường mạnh mẽ vào mùa đông, với mức tăng tối đa đạt 3,8 °C vào tháng Hai. Việc khuếch đại sự nóng lên lâu dài trong mùa đông đã khiến cho khoảng cách nhiệt độ SST theo hướng Bắc-Nam giảm từ 5 xuống 4 °C và mức độ dao động của chu kỳ theo mùa của SST giảm từ 11 xuống 8 °C.

Từ khóa

#nhiệt độ bề mặt biển #eo biển Đài Loan #biến động khí hậu #dòng nước ven bờ #sự nóng lên toàn cầu

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