Long‐Term Fertilization Influences on Clay Mineral Composition and Ammonium Adsorption in a Rice Paddy Soil

Soil Science Society of America Journal - Tập 72 Số 6 - Trang 1580-1590 - 2008
Yanli Liu1,2, Bin Zhang2, Chengliang Li2, Feng Hu1, B. Velde3
1College of Resources and Environ.Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ. Nanjing 210095 China
2State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
3Laboratoire de Géologie CNRS URA 8538 Ecole Normale Supérieure 24 rue Lhomond 75231 Paris France

Tóm tắt

Increasing NH4+ adsorption can be an effective alternative in building an available N pool in soils to optimize crop recovery and minimize losses into the environment. We hypothesized that long‐term fertilization may change NH4+ adsorption due to changes in the chemical and mineralogical properties of a rice (Oryza sativa L.) paddy soil. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine clay minerals in two soil clay size fractions using classical x‐ray diffraction methods and a numerical diagram‐decomposition method, (ii) to measure NH4+ adsorption isotherms before and after H2O2 oxidation of organic matter, and (iii) to investigate whether NH4+ adsorption is correlated with changes in soil chemical and mineral properties. The 23‐yr long‐term fertilization treatments caused little change in soil organic C (SOC) but a large variation in soil mineral composition. The whole‐clay fraction (<5 μm) corresponded more to the fertilization treatment than did the fine‐clay fraction (<1 μm) in terms of illite peak area percentage. The total vermiculite–chlorite peak area percentage was significantly correlated with the total illite peak area percentage (R = −0.9, P < 0.0001). Different fertilization treatments gave significantly different results in NH4+ adsorption. The SOC oxidation test showed positive effects of SOC on NH4+ adsorption at lower NH4+ concentration (≤200 mg L−1) and negative effects at higher NH4+ concentration (300 mg L−1). The NH4+ adsorption by soil clay minerals after SOC oxidization accounted for 60 to 158% of that by unoxidized soils, suggesting a more important role of soil minerals than SOC on NH4+ adsorption. The NH4+ adsorption potential was significantly correlated to the amount of poorly crystallized illite present (P = 0.012). The availability of adsorbed NH4+ for plant growth needs further study.

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Soil Science Society of America Journal

Tập 72 Số 6

1580-1590

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