Linking marine fisheries to environmental objectives: a case study on seafloor integrity under European maritime policies

Apitz, 2006, European environmental management: moving to an ecosystem approach, Integr. Environ. Assess. Manage., 2, 80, 10.1002/ieam.5630020114 Aubry, 2006, The use of environmental integrative indicators to assess seabed disturbance in estuaries and coasts: Application to the Humber Estuary, UK, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 53, 175, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.021 Ban, 2010, Cumulative impact mapping: advances, relevance and limitations to marine management and conservation, using Canada's Pacific waters as a case study, Mar. Policy, 34, 876, 10.1016/j.marpol.2010.01.010 Beare, D., Rijnsdorp, A., Kooten, T.V., Fock, H.O., Schröder, A., Kloppmann, M., Witbaard, R., Meesters, E., Schulze, T., Blaesbjerg, M., Damm, U., Quirijns, F., 2010. Study for the Revision of the Plaice Box – Draft Final Report, C002/10. IMARES. Berghahn, 1998 Berkenhagen, 2010, Decision bias in marine spatial planning of offshore wind farms: problems of singular versus cumulative assessments of economic impacts on fisheries, Mar. Policy, 34, 733, 10.1016/j.marpol.2009.12.004 Borja, 2010, Marine management – towards an integrated implementation of the European Marine Strategy and the Water Framework Directives, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.09.026 Borja, 2009, Paradigmatic responses of marine benthic communities to different anthropogenic pressures, using M-AMBI, within the European Water Framework Directive, Mar. Ecol., 30, 214, 10.1111/j.1439-0485.2008.00272.x Borja, 2009, Assessing ecological integrity in marine waters, using multiple indices and ecosystem components: challenges for the future, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 59, 1, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.11.006 Cardoso, A.C., Cochrane, S., Doerner, H., Ferreira, J.G., Galgani, F., Hagebro, C., Hanke, G., Hoeppffner, N., Keizer, P.D., Law, R., Olenin, S., Piet, G.J., Rice, J., Rogers, S.I., Swartenbroux, F., Tasker, M.L., van de Bund, W., 2010. Scientific Support to the European Commission on the Marine Strategy Framework Directive – Management Group Report, draft. JRC-ICES. Chapman, 1997, Project risk analysis and management – PRAM the generic process, Int. J. Proj. Manage., 15, 273, 10.1016/S0263-7863(96)00079-8 EEA, 2009. EEA Strategy 2009–2013 European Environment Agency, Copenhagen. Fock, 2008, Fisheries in the context of marine spatial planning: defining principal areas for fisheries in the German EEZ, Mar. Policy, 32, 728, 10.1016/j.marpol.2007.12.010 Fock, 2011, Integrating multiple pressures at different spatial and temporal scales: A concept for relative ecological risk assessment in the European marine environment, Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 17, 10.1080/10807039.2011.538634 Fox, 2006, Statistical issues in ecological risk assessment, Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 12, 120, 10.1080/10807030500430476 Frank, 2007, The ups and downs of trophic control in continental shelf ecosystems, Trends Ecol. Evol., 22, 236, 10.1016/j.tree.2007.03.002 Frid, 2006, Ecosystem-based management of fisheries: is science limiting?, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 63, 1567, 10.1016/j.icesjms.2006.03.028 Gabrielson, 2003 Gosselin, 1997, Juvenile mortality in benthic marine invertebrates, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 146, 265, 10.3354/meps146265 Graham, 1992, Ecological Risk Assessment at the Regional Scale, Ecol. Appl., 1, 196, 10.2307/1941812 Greenstreet, 2009, Modelling demersal fishing effort based on landings and days absence from port, to generate indicators of “activity”, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 66, 886, 10.1093/icesjms/fsp068 Halpern, 2008, A global map of human impact on marine ecosystems, Science, 319, 948, 10.1126/science.1149345 Harwell, 1992, Prioritizing ecological and human welfare risks from environmental stresses, Environ. Manage., 16, 451, 10.1007/BF02394121 Hayes, 2004, Regional ecological risk assessment of a near shore marine environment: Cherry Point, WA, Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 10, 299, 10.1080/10807030490438256 HELCOM, 2010. Ecosystem Health of the Baltic Sea 2003–2007: HELCOM Initial Holistic Assessment, 122. HELCOM, Helsinki. Hiddink, 2006, Indicators of the ecological impact of bottom-trawl disturbance on seabed communities, Ecosystems, 9, 1190, 10.1007/s10021-005-0164-9 Hiddink, 2007, Assessing and predicting the relative ecological impacts of disturbance on habitats with different sensitivities, J. Appl. Ecol., 44, 405, 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01274.x ICES, 2008. Report of the Workshop on dealing with Natura 2000 and Related Requests (WKN2K), ICES CM 2008/ACOM:46. ICES, Copenhagen. Kaiser, 2006, Global analysis of response and recovery of benthic biota to fishing, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 311, 1, 10.3354/meps311001 Kaiser, 2002, Modification of marine habitats by trawling activities: prognosis and solutions, Fish Fisheries, 3, 114, 10.1046/j.1467-2979.2002.00079.x Lackey, 1998, Fisheries management: integrating societal preference, decision analysis, and ecological risk assessment, Environ. Sci. Policy, 1, 329, 10.1016/S1462-9011(98)00017-3 Landis, 2002, Uncertainty in the extrapolation from individual effects to impacts upon landscapes, Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 8, 193, 10.1080/20028091056827 Landis, 1997, Design considerations and a suggested approach for regional and comparative ecological risk assessment, Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 3, 287, 10.1080/10807039709383685 Lindeboom, H.J., Groot, S.J.d. (Eds.) (1998) Impact II – The Effects of Different Types of Fisheries on the North Sea and Irish Sea Benthic Ecosystems. Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands, p. 404. Link, 2002, What does ecosystem-based fisheries management mean?, Fish Manage., 27, 18 Link, 2010, Relating marine ecosystem indicators to fishing and environmental drivers: an elucidation of contrasting responses, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 67, 787, 10.1093/icesjms/fsp258 Lotze, 2004, Repetitive history of resource depletion and mismanagement: the need for a shift in perspective, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 274, 282 Magni, 2005 Mangel, 2006, Commentary: accounting for uncertainty in marine reserve design, Ecol. Lett., 9, 11, 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00852.x OECD, 1993. OECD Core Set of Indicators for Environmental Performance reviews, OCDE/GD(93)179. OECD, Paris. OECD, 2003. OECD Environmental Indicators – Development, Measurement. OECD, Paris. Pedersen, 2009, Natura 2000 sites and Fisheries in German Offshore Waters, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 66, 155, 10.1093/icesjms/fsn193 Pedersen, 2009, Mapping fisheries in the German exclusive economic zone with special reference to offshore Natura 2000 sites, Mar. Policy, 33, 571, 10.1016/j.marpol.2008.12.007 Piet, 2007, Potential pressure indicators for fishing, and their data requirements, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 64, 110, 10.1093/icesjms/fsl006 Piet, 2000, A quantitative evaluation of the impact of beam trawling on benthic fauna in the southern North Sea, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 57, 1332, 10.1006/jmsc.2000.0915 Rees, 2009, Role of benthic indicators in regulating human activities at sea, Environ. Sci. Policy, 9, 496, 10.1016/j.envsci.2006.04.002 Reiss, 2010, Spatial patterns of infauna, epifauna, and demersal fish communities in the North Sea, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 67, 278, 10.1093/icesjms/fsp253 Robinson, L.A., Rogers, S., Frid, C.L.J., 2008. A marine assessment and monitoring framework for application by UKMMAS and OSPAR-Assessment of Pressures, F90-01-1075. Univ. of Liverpool/CEFAS. Rochet, 2005, Do explicit criteria help in selecting indicators for ecosystem-based fisheries management?, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 62, 528, 10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.01.007 Salomon, 2009, Recent European initiatives in marine protection policy: towards lasting protection for Europe's seas?, Environ. Sci. Policy, 12, 359, 10.1016/j.envsci.2008.12.008 Shopley, 1990, Extending the capability of the component interaction matrix as a technique for addressing secondary impacts in environmental assessment, J. Environ. Manage, 31, 197, 10.1016/S0301-4797(05)80034-9 Stelzenmüller, 2010, Assessment of a Bayesian Belief Network-GIS framework as a practical tool to support marine spatial planning, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 60, 1743, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.06.024 Stelzenmüller, 2010, Quantifying cumulative impacts of human pressures on the marine environment: a geostatistical framework, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 398, 19, 10.3354/meps08345 Tillin, 2006, Chronic bottom trawling alters the functional composition of benthic invertebrate communities on a sea-basin scale, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 318, 31, 10.3354/meps318031 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1998. Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment, EPA/630/R-95/002F. Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, DC. Wiegers, 1998, A regional multiple-stressor rank-based ecological risk assessment for the Fjord of Valdez, Alaska, Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 4, 1125, 10.1080/10807039891285036