Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Liên kết giữa suy thoái đất và phục hồi với sự cân bằng dịch vụ hệ sinh thái thông qua việc xác định các yếu tố cảnh quan: Những hiểu biết từ vùng trầm tích loess lớn nhất toàn cầu
Tóm tắt
Suy thoái đất là một trong những thách thức môi trường nghiêm trọng nhất ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến các dịch vụ hệ sinh thái (ESs), từ đó đe dọa sự bền vững của hệ sinh thái. Tuy nhiên, còn rất ít nghiên cứu đủ sâu để khám phá mối quan hệ giữa tính trung hòa suy thoái đất (LDN) và sự cân bằng giữa cung và cầu dịch vụ hệ sinh thái, cũng như các sự khác biệt không gian và các nhân tố quyết định của chúng. Để lấp đầy những khoảng trống kiến thức này, nghiên cứu này đã định lượng động lực đất và sự cân bằng dịch vụ hệ sinh thái thông qua các mô hình sinh lý học và ma trận kiến thức chuyên gia, đồng thời khám phá các yếu tố quyết định không gian thông qua phương pháp hồi quy tích hợp. Từ năm 1990 đến 2018, các dự án phục hồi hệ sinh thái tại Cao nguyên Loess đã giảm đáng kể tình trạng xói mòn đất và duy trì các mô hình thặng dư dịch vụ hệ sinh thái trên toàn quy mô khu vực, ngoại trừ một số cụm đô thị cá biệt, nơi gặp khó khăn với tình trạng thiếu hụt dịch vụ hệ sinh thái. Các mô hình bảng không gian và hồi quy có trọng số theo không gian và thời gian đã chỉ ra rằng sự cân bằng dịch vụ hệ sinh thái và tình trạng xói mòn đất đồng thời bị xác định bởi các chỉ số kinh tế xã hội, thành phần và cấu trúc cảnh quan. Bên cạnh đó, các yếu tố quyết định không gian thể hiện sự không đồng nhất rõ rệt theo vùng và các hiệu ứng lan tỏa tùy thuộc vào các điều kiện môi trường và kinh tế xã hội riêng lẻ, điều này cần được xem xét trong việc giám sát, mô phỏng, dự đoán và quy hoạch cảnh quan. Do đó, phục hồi hệ sinh thái và quản lý cảnh quan không chỉ nên phụ thuộc vào các chỉ số cá nhân trong các đơn vị địa phương, mà còn cần dựa vào các khuôn khổ tích hợp và sự phối hợp từ các khu vực biên giới mà liên kết thích hợp giữa LDN và các mục tiêu duy trì sự cân bằng dịch vụ hệ sinh thái bằng cách xem xét các yếu tố quyết định quan trọng chung và các tác động bên ngoài của chúng. Nghiên cứu này làm phong phú thêm sự hiểu biết về sự tiến hóa của hệ sinh thái và duy trì sự cân bằng dịch vụ hệ sinh thái. Các phát hiện này dự kiến sẽ hỗ trợ thêm cho việc xây dựng và thực hiện chính sách nhằm giải quyết các thách thức về suy thoái đất và tăng cường sự bền vững của hệ sinh thái.
Từ khóa
#suy thoái đất #phục hồi hệ sinh thái #dịch vụ hệ sinh thái #cảnh quan #sự bền vữngTài liệu tham khảo
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