Limestone Provenance in Roman Lime‐Volcanic Ash Mortars from the Villa dei Quintili, Rome

Geoarchaeology - An International Journal - Tập 30 Số 2 - Trang 79-99 - 2015
Giusj Valentina Fichera1, Cristina Maria Belfiore2,1, Mauro Francesco La Russa2, Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo2, Donatella Barca2, Riccardo Frontoni3, Giuliana Galli3, Antonino Pezzino1
1Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali-Sezione di Scienze della Terra, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
2Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra (DIBEST), Università della Calabria, Arcavacata Di Rende (CS), Italy
3Archaeologist Assistant Scientific Director Soprintendenza Speciale per i Beni Archeologici di Roma Villa dei Quintili Roma Italy

Tóm tắt

Roman mortars were collected from the Villa dei Quintili in Rome, an archaeological site consisting of numerous edifices from nine construction phases dating from the 2nd century A.D. to modern times. A multianalytical approach was used on 34 mortar samples to infer the evolution of production techniques over time and to identify the source area of calcareous raw materials used in the preparation of the lime. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with an energy‐dispersive system, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to study the samples. The major and trace element data were compared with the compositions of two types of limestone samples (Calcare Massiccio and Calcare Maiolica) collected from the Cornicolani Mountains. The results suggest that the technological practices and the calcareous raw materials used for lime production remained unchanged over the time period considered (2nd century A.D. to 3rd century A.D.). The compositions of lime‐related particles in the mortars match those of Calcare Maiolica, which suggests its use as raw material for lime production. On the whole, the results are in agreement with data from existing literature regarding both the use by Roman builders of specific raw materials for the mortars’ production and the relative supply area.

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Geoarchaeology - An International Journal

Tập 30 Số 2

79-99

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