Life-cycle cost analysis of bridges subjected to fatigue damage
Tóm tắt
Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is a decision-making tool particularly useful for the design of bridges as it predicts lifetime expenses and supports the inspections management and the maintenance activities. LCCA allows to consider uncertainties on loads, resistances, degradation and on the numerical modelling and structural response analysis. It also permits to consider different limit states and different types of damage in a unified framework. Among the types of damages that can occur to steel and steel-concrete composite bridges, fatigue is one of the most dangerous ones, as it may lead to sudden and fragile rupture, even at operational traffic levels. In this context, the present paper proposes a framework for LCCA based on the use of the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) equation which is for the first time utilized for fragility and cost analysis of bridges subjected to fatigue, highlighting the possibility of treating the problem of fatigue damage estimation with an approach similar to the one currently adopted for damage induced by other hazards, like earthquake and wind. To this aim, a damage index computed through the Palmgren-Miner’s rule is adopted as engineering demand parameter. The framework is applied to a composite steel-reinforced concrete multi-span roadway bridge by evaluating the fatigue limit state from different traffic load models, i.e. a Technical Code-based model and a model based on results of Weigh in Motion monitoring system. The evolution over time of the probability of failure and the life-cycle costs due to fatigue damage induced by heavy traffic loads are investigated for different probability distributions of the engineering demand parameter and for different fragility models. The comparison between the fatigue failure probabilities and the life-cycle costs obtained with the two traffic models, encourages the adoption of traffic monitoring systems for a correct damage estimation.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Wen YK, Kang YJ (2001) Minimum building life-cycle cost design criteria. I: Methodology. J. Struct. Eng 127(3):330–337
Wang CS, Zhai MS, Li HT, Ni YQ, Guo T (2015) Life-cycle cost based maintenance and rehabilitation strategies for cable supported bridges. Adv. Steel Constr. 11(3):395–410
Venanzi I, Lavan O, Ierimonti L, Fabrizi S (2018) Multi-hazard loss analysis of tall buildings under wind and seismic loads. Struct and Infrastruct Eng 14(10):1295–1311
Micheli L, Alipour A, Laflamme S (2021) Life-cycle-cost optimization of wind-excited tall buildings using surrogate models. Struct Des of Tall Spec Build 30(6):e1840
Ierimonti L, Venanzi I, Caracoglia L, M ASCE, Materazzi AL (2019) Cost-Based Design of Nonstructural Element for Tall Buildings under Extreme Wind Environments. J of Aerosp Eng 32(3):04019020
Micheli L, Alipour A, Laflamme S, Sarkar P (2019) Performance-based design with life-cycle cost assessment for damping systems integrated in wind excited tall buildings. Eng Struct 195:438–451
Micheli L, Cao L, Laflamme S, Alipour A (2020) Life-Cycle Cost Evaluation Strategy for High-Performance Control Systems under Uncertainties. J Eng Mech 146(2):04019134
Kleingesinds S, Lavan O, Venanzi I (2020) Life-Cycle cost-based optimization of MTMDs for tall buildings under multiple hazards. Struct Infrastruct Eng 17(7):921–940
Hasan MA, Yan K, Lim S, Akiyama M, Frangopol DM (2020) LCC-based identification of geographical locations suitable for using stainless steel rebars in reinforced concrete girder bridges. Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 16(9):1201–1227
Wang Z, Dong Y, Jin W (2021) Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Deteriorating Civil Infrastructures Incorporating Social Sustainability. J. Infrastruct. Syst. 27(3):04021013
Estes AC, Frangopol DM (2001) Bridge lifetime system reliability under multiple limit states. J Bridge Eng 6(6):523-528
Ubertini F (2010) Prevention of suspension bridge flutter using multiple tuned mass dampers. Wind & Struct 13(3):235–256
Lee KM, Cho HN, Choi YM (2004) Life-cycle cost-effective optimum design of steel bridges. J Constr Steel Res 60(11):1585–1613
Kim SH, Choi MS, Cho KI, Park SJ (2013) Determining the Optimal Structural Target reliability of a Structure with a Minimal Life-Cycle Cost Perspective. Adv Struct Eng 16(12):2075-2091
Venanzi I, Castellani R, Ierimonti L, Ubertini F (2019) An automated procedure for assessing local reliability index and life-cycle cost of alternative girder bridge solutions. Adv Civ Eng 5152031
Decó A, Frangopol DM (2013) Life-cycle risk assessment of spatially distributed aging bridges under seismic and traffic hazards. Earthquake Spectra. 29(1):127–153
Liu SS, Huang HY, Kumala NRD (2020) Two-Stage Optimization Model for Life Cycle Maintenance Scheduling of Bridge Infrastructure. Appl. Sci. 10(24):8887
Frangopol DM (2010) Life-cycle performance, management, and optimization of structural systems under uncertainty: accomplishments and challenges. Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 7(6):389–413
Orcesi AD, Frangopol DM (2011) Optimization of bridge maintenance strategies based on structural health monitoring information. Struct. Saf. 33:26–41
Frangopol DM, Dong Y, Sabatino S (2017) Bridge life-cycle performance and cost: analysis, prediction, optimisation and decision-making. Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 13(10):1239–1257
Kim S, Frangopol DM (2011) Cost effective lifetime structural health monitoring based on availability. J. Struct. Eng. 137:22–33
Tong G, Aiqun L, Jianhui L (2008) Fatigue Life Prediction of Welded Joints in Orthotropic Steel Decks Considering Temperature Effect and Increasing Traffic Flow. Struct. Health Monit. 7(3):189–202
Kwon K, Frangopol DM (2010) Bridge fatigue reliability assessment using probability density functions of equivalent stress range based on field monitoring data. Int. J. Fatigue 32(8):1221–1232
Chen ZW, Xu YL, Wang XM (2012) SHMS-Based Fatigue Reliability Analysis of Multiloading Suspension Bridges. J. Struct. Eng. 138(3):299–307
Park JY, Park YC, Kim HK (2018) A methodology for fatigue reliability assessment considering stress range distribution truncation. Int. J. Steel Struct. 18(4):1242–1251
Guo T, Chen Y-W (2013) Fatigue reliability analysis of steel bridge details based on field-monitored data and linear elastic fracture mechanics. Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 9(5):496–505
Farreras-Alcover I, Chryssanthopoulos MK, Andersen JE (2017) Data-based models for fatigue reliability of orthotropic steel bridge decks based on temperature, traffic and strain monitoring. Int. J. Fatigue 95:104–119
Bayane I, Long L, Thöns S, Brühwiler E (2019) Quantification of the conditional value of SHM data for the fatigue safety evaluation of a road viaduct. In: 13th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, ICASP13. South Korea, Seoul
Kunnath SK (2007) Application of the PEER PBEE methodology to the I-880 viaduct. I-880 Testbed Committee University of California, Davis, California
Anelli A, Mori F, Vona M (2020) Fragility curves of the urban road network based on the debris distributions of interfering buildings. Appl Sci (Switzerland) 10(4):1289
Aljawhari K, Gentile R, Freddi F, Galasso C (2020) Effects of ground-motion sequences on fragility and vulnerability of case-study reinforced concrete frames. Bull Earthq Eng. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-01006-8
Deng L, Yan W, Nie L (2019) A simple corrosion fatigue design method for bridges considering the coupled corrosion-overloading effect. Eng Struct 178:309–317
Peng D, Jones R, Singh RRK, Berto F, McMillan AJ (2018) On the interaction between corrosion and fatigue which determines the remaining life of bridges. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 41(2):314–322
Downing SD, Socie DF (1982) Simple rainflow counting algorithms. J Fatigue 4(1):31–40
Miner M (1945) Cumulative damage in fatigue. J Appl Mech 12(3):159–164
Torti, M, Venanzi I, Laflamme S. Ubertini F (2021) Life-cycle management cost analysis of transportation bridges equipped with seismic structural health monitoring systems Struct Health Monit. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921721996624
Sacconi S, Ierimonti L, Venanzi I, Ubertini F (2021) Towards the development of a comprehensive framework for life cycle cost analysis of bridges subjected to multiple hazards. In: Proceedings of the 8th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Greece, Athens
Eurocode 1 (2003) Actions on structures-Part 2: Traffic load on bridges, Eurocode 1: EN 1991-2. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium
Eurocode 3 (2005) Design of steel structures-Part 1-9: Fatigue, Eurocode 3: EN 1993-1-9. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium
Det Norske Veritas (2010) Fatigue Design of Offshore Steel Structures. No. DNV-RP-C203
KISTLER. https://www.kistler.com/it/applications/sensor-technology/pesatura-dinamica-wim
Wicke M (1988) Inspection, assessment and maintenance. Proceedings of the 13th International Association of Bridge and Structural Engineering Congress on Challenges to Structural Engineering. Finland, Helsinki
Hallenbeck M, Weinblatt H (2004) Equipment for Collecting Traffic Load Data. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies
Neves AC, Leander J, Gonzalez I, Karoumi R (2019) An approach to decision making analysis for implementation of structural health monitoring in bridges. Struct Control and Health Monit 26(6):e2352
ANAS S.p.A (2020) Listino prezzi 2020. Prove, Indagini e Monitoraggio https://www.stradeanas.it/sites/default/files/PM-IG-MA_LISTINO%20PREZZI%202021.pdf
Eurocode 0 (2005) Basis of structural design, Eurocode 0: EN 1990. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium
Rackwitz R (2000) Optimization-the basis of code-making and reliability verification. Struct Saf 22(1):27–60