Life Cycle Assessment: a review of the methodology and its application to sustainability

2.-0 LCA Consultants: SPOLD (http://www.lca-net.com/spold/). Sjunnesson J: Life Cycle Assessment of concrete. Masters thesis. Lund, Sweden: Lund University; 2005. ISO: Environmental Management — Life Cycle Assessment — Requirements and Guidelines. Geneva, Switzerland: International Standards Organization. ISO 14044; 2006. Finnveden, 2009, Recent developments in Life Cycle Assessment, J Environ Manage, 91, 1, 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.06.018 ISO: Environmental Management — Life Cycle Assessment — Examples of Application of ISO 14041 to Goal and Scope Definition and Inventory Analysis. Geneva, Switzerland: International Standards Organization ISO/TR 14049:2012; 2012. ISO: Environmental Management — Life Cycle Assessment — Principles and Framework. Geneva, Switzerland: International Standards Organization ISO 14040; 2006. Ekvall, 2005, Normative ethics and methodology for Life Cycle Assessment, J Clean Prod, 13, 1225, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010 USDA: The energy balance of corn ethanol: An update. By Shapouri H, Duffield JA, Wang M. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Chief Economist, Office of Energy Policy and New Uses. Agricultural Economic Report No. 813; 2002. Curran, 2013, Assessing environmental impacts of biofuels using lifecycle-based approaches, Manage Environ Qual, 24, 34, 10.1108/14777831311291122 Searchinger, 2008, Use of US cropland for biofuels increases greenhouse gases through emissions from land-use change, Science, 319, 1238, 10.1126/science.1151861 National Renewable Energy Laboratory: US LCI Database; 2006 (http://www.nrel.gov/lci). US EPA: An Examination of EPA Risk Assessment Principles and Practices. EPA/100/B-04/00. Washington, DC: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of the Science Advisor; 2004. Margni, 2012, Chapter 4: Life cycle impact assessment Burgess, 2001, Application of Life Cycle Assessment to chemical processes, Chem Eng Sci, 56, 22589, 10.1016/S0009-2509(00)00511-X