Liberalizing trade in services: from Marrakech to Seattle
Tóm tắt
WTO Members are currently preparing the ground for a new services round to be launched in Seattle, in December 1999. This article reviews recent developments in services trade, the underlying economic factors and the political response given hitherto by WTO Members. Critical issues in the preparation of the new round, including the choice of the basic negotiating approach, are discussed.
Tài liệu tham khảo
J. S. Thomas, M. A. Meyer: The New Rules of Global Trade—A Guide to the World Trade Organization, Toronto 1997.
G. Karsenty: Just How Big are the Stakes? An Assessment of Trade in Services by Mode of Supply, in: Services 2000: New Directions in Services Trade, Washington D.C. July 1999, at: www.brookings.edu/ES/Services2000.
See R. Adlung: Adjusting to Services Trade Liberalization: Developed and Developing Country Perspectives, in: Services 2000: New Directions in Services Trade, Washington D.C. July 1999, at: www.brookings.edu/ES/Services2000.
WTO: Trade Policy Review—Uganda, Geneva 1995.
P. L. Smith, B. Wellenius: Strategies for Successful Telecommunication Regulation in Weak Governance Environments. Manuscript circulated at a Special Session on Telecommunications of the WTO Council for Trade in Services (Geneva, 25 June 1999).
B. Hoekman: Assessing the General Agreement on Trade in Services, in: W. Martin, L. A. Winters (eds.): The Uruguay Round and the developing countries, Cambridge 1996; R. Snape: Reaching Effective Agreements Covering Services, in: A. O. Krueger (ed.): The WTO as an International Organization, Chicago 1998.
See W. Dobson, P. Jacquet: Financial Services Liberalization in the WTO, Institute for International Economics, Washington D.C. 1998.
See also R. Adlung: Adjusting to Services Trade Liberalization: Developed and Developing Country Perspectives, op. cit. in: Services 2000: New Directions in Services Trade, Washington D.C. July 1999
See R. Adlung: Liberalisierung und (De-)Regulierung von Dienstleistungen in der Welthandelsorganisation: Versuch einer Zwischenbilanz aus EG-Sicht, in: Die Europäische Gemeinschaft in der Welthandelsorganisation, edited by Peter-Christian Müller-Graff, Baden-Baden (forthcoming).
see also B. Hoekman, op.cit. Assessing the General Agreement on Trade in Services, in: W. Martin, L. A. Winters (eds.): The Uruguay Round and the developing countries, Cambridge 1996
See W. Zdouc: WTO Dispute Settlement Practice Relating to the GATS, in: Journal of International Economic Law, 2, 1999, pp. 295–346.
See A. Mattoo, P. Low: Is there a Better Way? Alternative Approaches to Liberalization Under the GATS, in: Services 2000: New Directions in Services Trade, Washington D.C. July 1999, at: www.brookings.edu/ES/Services2000.
For more information see WTO: Trade Policy Review—European Uhion, Geneva 1995.
G. Feketekuty: Setting the Agenda for the Next Round of Negotiations on Trade in Services, in J. J. Schott (ed.): Launching New Global Trade Talks: An Action Agenda, Institute for International Economics, Washington D.C. 1998.
R. Snape: Reaching Effective Agreements Covering Services, op. cit. in: A. O. Krueger (ed.): The WTO as an International Organization, Chicago 1998.
See, for example, R. Thompson: Formula Approaches to Improving GATS Commitments. Some Options for Negotiators, in: Services 2000: New Directions in Services Trade, Washington D.C. July 1999, at: www.brookings.edu/ES/Services2000.