Leukoplakia: molecular understanding of pre-malignant lesions and implications for clinical management

Molecular Medicine Today - Tập 3 - Trang 442-448 - 1997
Li Mao1
1Dept of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA Tel: +1 713 792 6363 Fax: +1 713 796 8655

Tài liệu tham khảo

Hunter, 1991, Cooperation between oncogenes, Cell, 64, 249, 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90637-E Kinzler, 1996, Lessons from hereditary colorectal cancer, Cell, 87, 159, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81333-1 Bishop, 1991, Molecular themes in oncogenesis, Cell, 64, 235, 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90636-D Vogelstein, 1992, Genetic alteration during colorectal tumor development, New Engl. J. Med., 319, 525, 10.1056/NEJM198809013190901 Papadimitrakopoulou, 1997, Low-dose isotretinoin versus β-carotene to prevent oral carcinogenesis: long-term follow-up, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 89, 257, 10.1093/jnci/89.3.257 Cawson, 1996, White, red and pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa, 166 Bánóczy, 1982, The role of etiological factors, 28 Silverman, 1984, Oral leukoplakia and malignant transformation: A follow-up study of 257 patients, Cancer, 53, 563, 10.1002/1097-0142(19840201)53:3<563::AID-CNCR2820530332>3.0.CO;2-F Lumerman, 1995, Oral epithelial dysplasia and the development of invasive squamous cell carcinoma, Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol., 79, 321, 10.1016/S1079-2104(05)80226-4 Slaughter, 1953, Field cancerization in oral stratified squamous epithelium: clinical implications of multicentric origin, Cancer, 6, 963, 10.1002/1097-0142(195309)6:5<963::AID-CNCR2820060515>3.0.CO;2-Q Cooper, 1989, Second malignancies in patients who have head and neck cancers: incidence, effect on survival and implications for chemoprevention based on the RTOG experience, Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys., 17, 449, 10.1016/0360-3016(89)90094-1 Licciardello, 1989, Multiple primary cancer in patients with cancer of the head and neck: second cancer of the head and neck, esophagus and lung, Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys., 17, 467, 10.1016/0360-3016(89)90096-5 Auerbach, 1961, Changes in bronchial epithelium in relation to cigarette smoking and in relation to lung cancer, New Engl. J. Med., 265, 253, 10.1056/NEJM196108102650601 Lee, 1993, Detection of chromosome polysomy in oral leukoplakia, a pre-malignant lesion, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 85, 1951, 10.1093/jnci/85.23.1951 Califano, 1996, Genetic progression model for head and neck cancer: implications for field cancerization, Cancer Res., 56, 2488 Bedi, 1996, Multiple head and neck tumors: evidence for a common clonal origin, Cancer Res., 56, 2484 Carey, 1996, Field cancerization: are multiple primary cancers monoclonal or polyclonal?, Ann. Med., 28, 183, 10.3109/07853899609033118 Moon, 1994, Retinoids and cancer in experimental animals, 573 Lippman, 1995, Strategies for chemo-prevention study of pre-malignant lesions and second primary tumors in the head and neck, Curr. Opin. Oncol., 7, 234, 10.1097/00001622-199505000-00008 Hong, 1986, 13-cis-retinoic acid in the treatment of oral leukoplakia, New Engl. J. Med., 153, 1501, 10.1056/NEJM198612113152401 Lippman, 1993, Comparison of low-dose isotretinoin with beta carotene to prevent oral carcinogenesis, New Engl. J. Med., 328, 15, 10.1056/NEJM199301073280103 De Palo, 1995, Controlled clinical trials with fentetinide in breast cancer, basal cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia, J. Cell. Biochem., 22, 11, 10.1002/jcb.240590803 Tradati, 1994, Successful topical treatment of oral lichen planus and leukoplakias with fenretinide (4-HPR), Cancer Lett., 76, 109, 10.1016/0304-3835(94)90385-9 Arnoldus, 1991, Feasibility of in situ hybridization with chromosome specific DNA probes on paraffin wax embedded tissue, J. Clin. Pathol., 44, 900, 10.1136/jcp.44.11.900 Brennan, 1995, Association between cigarette smoking and mutation of the p53 gene in squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck, New Engl. J. Med., 332, 712, 10.1056/NEJM199503163321104 Caims, 1995, High frequency of homozygous deletion at p16/CDKN2 in primary human tumors, Nat. Genet., 11, 210, 10.1038/ng1095-210 Andre, 1996, High frequency of p16 (CDKN2/MTS-1/INK4A) inactivation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Cancer Res., 56, 3630 Nawroz, 1994, Allelotype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Cancer Res., 54, 1152 El-Naggar, 1995, Sequential loss of heterozygosity at microsatellite motifs in preinvasive and invasive head and neck squamous carcinoma, Cancer Res., 55, 2656 Jones, 1997, Frequent loss of heterozygosity on chromosome arm 18q in squamous cell carcinomas, Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg., 123, 610, 10.1001/archotol.1997.01900060052009 Renan, 1993, How many mutations are required for tumorigenesis? Implications from human cancer data, Mol. Carcinog., 7, 139, 10.1002/mc.2940070303 Shay, 1997, A survey of telomerase activity in human cancer, Eur. J. Can., 33, 787, 10.1016/S0959-8049(97)00062-2 Mao, 1996, Telomerase activity in the pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Cancer Res., 56, 5600 Harris, 1993, Clinical implications of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene, New Engl. J. Med., 329, 1318, 10.1056/NEJM199310283291807 Greenblatt, 1994, Mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene: clues to cancer etiology and molecular pathogenesis, Cancer Res., 54, 4855 Shintani, 1995, Overexpression of p53 is an early event in the tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma, Anticancer Res., 15, 305 Lippman, 1995, p53 and retinoid chemoprevention of oral carcinogenesis, Cancer Res., 55, 16 Shin, 1997, Accumulation of p53 protein and retinoic acid receptor β in retinoid chemoprevention, Clin. Cancer Res., 3, 875 Kropveld, 1996, Discordance of p53 status in matched primary tumours and metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients, Oral Oncol., Eur. J. Cancer, 6, 388, 10.1016/S0964-1955(96)00030-9 Bradford, 1997, p53 mutation as a prognostic marker in advanced laryngeal carcinoma, Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg., 123, 605, 10.1001/archotol.1997.01900060047008 Ko, 1996, p53: puzzle and paradigm, Genes Dev., 10, 1054, 10.1101/gad.10.9.1054 Neilsen, 1996, Human papillomavirus in oral pre-malignant lesions, Eur. J. Cancer, 32B, 264, 10.1016/0964-1955(96)00011-5 Hubbert, 1992, Human papillomavirus type 16 E6 increases the degradation rate of p53 in human keratinocytes, J. Virol., 66, 6237, 10.1128/JVI.66.10.6237-6241.1992 Lotan, 1995, Expression of retinoic acid receptor-β in pre-malignant oral lesions and its up-regulation by isotretinoin, New Engl. J. Med., 332, 1405, 10.1056/NEJM199505253322103 Mao, 1996, Frequent microsatellite alterations at chromosomes 9p21 and 3p14 in oral premalignant lesions and their value in cancer risk assessment, Nat. Med., 2, 682, 10.1038/nm0696-682 Papadimitrakopoulou, 1997, Frequent inactivation of p16INK4a in oral premalignant lesions, Oncogene, 14, 1799, 10.1038/sj.onc.1201010 Emilion, 1996, Frequent gene deletions in potentially malignant oral lesions, Br. J. Cancer, 73, 809, 10.1038/bjc.1996.142 Allsopp, 1992, Telomere length predicts replicative capacity of human fibroblasts, 89, 10114 Morin, 1989, The human telomere terminal transferase enzyme is a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes TTAGGG repeats, Cell, 59, 521, 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90035-4 Kim, 1994, Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer, Science, 266, 2011, 10.1126/science.7605428 Mutirangura, 1996, Telomerase activity in oral leukoplakia and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Cancer Res., 56, 3530 van Steensel, 1997, Control of telomere length by the human telomeric protein TRF1, Nature, 385, 740, 10.1038/385740a0 Shalon, 1996, A DNA microarray system for analysing complex DNA samples using two-color fluorescent probe hybridization, Genome Res., 6, 639, 10.1101/gr.6.7.639 Schena, 1995, Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray, Science, 270, 467, 10.1126/science.270.5235.467