Lethality of T-2 toxin, as applied by various methods, in adultAedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes

Mycotoxin Research - Tập 4 - Trang 11-14 - 1988
Yehuda Braverman1, Alan Shlosberg2
1Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel
2Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet-Dagan, Israel

Tóm tắt

The lethality of T-2 toxin to adult femaleAedes aegypti mosquitoes was investigated using various methods of application: Topically, by injection, and by natural feeding. The technique of topical application was found to be the most precise, whereby an LD50 of 565 ng T-2 toxin/mosquito was determined.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Mirocha CJ, Pawlowsky RA, Chatterjee K, Watson S, Hayes W (1983) Analysis forFusarium toxins in various samples implicated in biological warfare in southeast Asia. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 66:1485–1499 Chung CW, Trucksess M, Giles AL, Frieman L (1974) Rabbit skin test for estimation of T-2 toxin and other skin-irritating toxins in contaminated corn. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 57:1121–1127 Palti J (1978) ToxigenicFusaria, their distribution and significance as causes of disease in animal and man. Suppl 6, Acta Phytomedica. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin und Hamburg Grove JF, Hosken M (1975) The larvicidal activity of some 12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-enes. Biochem Pharmacol 24:959–962 Akov S (1966) Retention of the blood meal inAedes aegypti following sterilization by chemicals and irradiation. Ann Trop Med Parasit 60:482–494 Hewlett PS, Lloyd CJ (1960) Topical application of mobile liquids by means of micro-capillary tubes. Ann Appl Biol 48:125–133 Mellor PS, Boorman J, Loke R (1974) The multiplication of Main Drain virus in two species ofCulicoides (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Arch Ges Virusforsch 46:105–110 Boorman J (1975) Semi-automatic device for inoculation of small insects with viruses. Lab Pract 24:90 Briegel H, Lea AO (1975) Relationship between protein and proteolytic activity in the midgut of mosquitoes. J Insect Physiol 21:1597–1604 Ueno Y (1984) Toxicological features of T-2 toxin and related trichothecenes. Fund Appl Toxicol 4:124–132 Wei RD, Smalley EB, Strong FM (1972) Improved skin test for detection of T-2 toxin. Appl Microbiol 23:1029–1030 Ueno Y, Hosoya M, Morita Y, Ueno I, Tatsuno T (1968) Inhibition of the protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocytes by nivalenol, a toxic principle isolated fromFusarium nivale growing on rice. J Biochem (Tokyo) 64:479–485 Klowden MJ, Bulla LA (1984) Oral toxicity ofBacillus thuringiensis subsp.israelensis to adult mosquitoes. Appl Environ Microbiol 48:665–667 Davis GRF, Smith JD, Schiefer B, Loew FM (1975) Screening for mycotoxins with the larvae ofTenebrio molitor. Invertebr Pathol 26:299–303 Busvine JR (1957) A critical review of the techniques for testing insecticides. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London. 208 p Abbot WS (1925) A method for computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J Econ Entomol 18:265–267