Leptin-regulated endocannabinoids are involved in maintaining food intake
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Friedman, J. M. & Halaas, J. L. Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals. Nature 395, 763–770 (1998).
Schwartz, M. W. et al. Leptin increases hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA expression in the rostral arcuate nucleus. Diabetes 46, 2119–2123 (1997).
Stephens, T. W. et al. The role of neuropeptide Y in the antiobesity action of the obese gene product. Nature 377, 530–534 (1995).
Huszar, D. et al. Targeted disruption of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice. Cell 88, 131–141 (1997).
Chen, H. et al. Evidence that the diabetes gene encodes the leptin receptor: identification of a mutation in the leptin receptor gene in db/db mice. Cell 84, 491–495 (1996).
Erickson, J. C., Clegg, K. E. & Palmiter, R. D. Sensitivity to leptin and susceptibility to seizures in mice lacking neuropeptide Y. Nature 381, 415–421 (1996).
Herkenham, M. et al. Characterization and localization of cannabinoid receptors in rats: a quantitative in vitro autoradiographic study. J. Neurosci. 11, 563–583 (1991).
Gonzalez, S. et al. Identification of endocannabinoids and cannabinoid CB1 receptor mRNA in the pituitary gland. Neuroendocrinology 70, 137–145 (1999).
Mechoulam, R., Hanus, L. & Fride, E. Towards cannabinoid drugs—revisited. Prog. Med. Chem. 35, 199–243 (1998).
Williams, C. M. & Kirkham, T. C. Anandamide induces overeating: mediation by central cannabinoid (CB1) receptors. Psychopharmacology 143, 315–317 (1999).
Hao, S., Avraham, Y., Mechoulam, R. & Berry, E. M. Low dose anandamide affects food intake, cognitive function, neurotransmitter and corticosterone levels in diet-restricted mice. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 392, 147–156 (2000).
Zimmer, A., Zimmer, A. M., Hohmann, A. G., Herkenham, M. & Bonner, T. I. Increased mortality, hypoactivity, and hypoalgesia in cannabinoid CB1 receptor knockout mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 5780–5785 (1999).
Járai, Z. et al. Cannabinoid-induced mesenteric vasodilation through an endothelial site distinct from CB1 or CB2 receptors. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 14136–14141 (1999).
Rinaldi-Carmona, M. et al. SR141716A, a potent and selective antagonist of the brain cannabinoid receptor. FEBS Lett. 350, 240–244 (1994).
Lopez, M. et al. Leptin regulation of prepro-orexin and orexin receptor mRNA levels in the hypothalamus. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 269, 41–45 (2000).
Sahu, A. Evidence suggesting that galanin (GAL), melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), neurotensin (NT), proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) are targets for leptin signaling in the hypothalamus. Endocrinology 139, 795–798 (1998).
Di Marzo, V., Melck, D., Bisogno, T. & De Petrocellis, L. Endocannabinoids: endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligands with neuromodulatory action. Trends Neurosci. 21, 521–528 (1998).
Di Marzo, V. et al. Formation and inactivation of endogenous cannabinoid anandamide in central neurons. Nature 372, 686–691 (1994).
Sugiura, T. et al. Transacylase-mediated and phosphodiesterase-mediated synthesis of N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine, an endogenous cannabinoid-receptor ligand, in rat brain microsomes. Comparison with synthesis from free arachidonic acid and ethanolamine. Eur. J. Biochem. 240, 53–62 (1996).
Funahashi, H. et al. The effect of leptin on feeding-regulating neurons in the rat hypothalamus. Neurosci. Lett. 264, 117–120 (1999).
Bisogno, T. et al. Phosphatidic acid as the biosynthetic precursor of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol in intact mouse neuroblastoma cells stimulated with ionomycin. J. Neurochem. 72, 2113–2119 (1999).
Colombo, G. et al. Appetite suppression and weight loss after the cannabinoid antagonist SR 141716A. Life Sci. 63, PL113–PL117 (1998).
Chaperon, F., Soubrie, P., Puech, A. J. & Thiebot, M.-H. Involvement of central cannabinoid (CB1) receptors in the establishment of place conditioning in rats. Psychopharmacology 135, 324–332 (1998).
Bouaboula, M. et al. A selective inverse agonist for central cannabinoid receptor inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase activation stimulated by insulin or insulin-like growth factor. 1. Evidence for a new model of receptor/ligand interactions. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 22330–22339 (1997).
White, R. & Hiley, C. R. The actions of the cannabinoid receptor antagonist, SR141716A, in rat isolated mesenteric artery. Br. J. Pharmacol. 125, 689–696 (1998).
Sakarai, T. et al. Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior. Cell 92, 573–585 (1998).
Shimada, M., Tritos, N. A., Lowell, B. B., Flier, J. S. & Maratos-Flier, E. Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone are hypophagic and lean. Nature 396, 670–674 (1998).