Large‐scale molecular genetic analysis in plant‐pathogenic fungi: a decade of genome‐wide functional analysis

Molecular Plant Pathology - Tập 18 Số 5 - Trang 754-764 - 2017
Thabiso Motaung1, Hiromasa Saitoh2, Toi J. Tsilo1,3
1Agricultural Research Council ‐ Small Grain Institute Private Bag X29 Bethlehem 9700 South Africa
2Iwate Biotechnology Research Center 22‐174‐4 Narita Kitakami Iwate 024‐0003 Japan
3Department of Life and Consumer Sciences University of South Africa PO Box 392 Pretoria 0003 South Africa

Tóm tắt

SummaryPlant‐pathogenic fungi cause diseases to all major crop plants world‐wide and threaten global food security. Underpinning fungal diseases are virulence genes facilitating plant host colonization that often marks pathogenesis and crop failures, as well as an increase in staple food prices. Fungal molecular genetics is therefore the cornerstone to the sustainable prevention of disease outbreaks. Pathogenicity studies using mutant collections provide immense function‐based information regarding virulence genes of economically relevant fungi. These collections are rich in potential targets for existing and new biological control agents. They contribute to host resistance breeding against fungal pathogens and are instrumental in searching for novel resistance genes through the identification of fungal effectors. Therefore, functional analyses of mutant collections propel gene discovery and characterization, and may be incorporated into disease management strategies. In the light of these attributes, mutant collections enhance the development of practical solutions to confront modern agricultural constraints. Here, a critical review of mutant collections constructed by various laboratories during the past decade is provided. We used Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium graminearum studies to show how mutant screens contribute to bridge existing knowledge gaps in pathogenicity and fungal–host interactions.

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Molecular Plant Pathology

Tập 18 Số 5

754-764

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