Large-scale ecosystem carbon stocks and their driving factors across Loess Plateau

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 2 - Trang 1-16 - 2023
Yang Yang1,2,3, Liangxu Liu4, Pingping Zhang1,2,3, Fan Wu1,2,3, Yunqiang Wang1,2,3, Chan Xu5, Liankai Zhang5, Shaoshan An6, Yakov Kuzyakov7
1State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
2CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an, China
3National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau, Xi’an, China
4Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, China
5Kunming Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation Center of China Geological Survey, Kunming, China
6State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
7Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

Tóm tắt

The large-scale vegetation restoration project on the Loess Plateau increased the ecosystem carbon (C) stocks and affected C budget in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. The specific details affecting the C stocks, their distribution, and dependence on land use and climate were never presented and generalized. We assessed the effects of climate factors and soil properties on ecosystem C stocks through field investigation across the Loess Plateau. The total C stocks in the four ecosystems: forestlands [0.36], shrublands [0.24], grasslands [1.18], and farmlands [1.05] was 2.84 Pg (1 Pg = 1015 g), among which 30% were stored in topsoil (0–20 cm), 53% in above-ground biomass, and 17% in roots. The total ecosystem C density decreased according to the climate from the southeast (warm dry) to the northwest (cold moist) of the Loess Plateau. The ecosystem C density decreased with increasing temperature (from 5 to 15 °C), but increased with precipitation (from 200 to 700 mm). Variation partitioning analysis and structural equation models indicated that ecosystem C density was more explained by climate compared with soil properties. This supports the theory and empirical findings that large scale pattern of ecosystem C density is predominantly regulated by climate on the Loess Plateau. Our results highlight that grasslands are more predestined to store C compared with the other ecosystems, and the C stored in roots is substantial and should be considered when assessing C stocks and strongly contributes to soil organic matter formation. We suggest that investing in roots can be an effective strategy for meeting part of Loess Plateau C reduction goals to mitigate climate change, which is necessary for validating and parameterizing C models worldwide.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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