Marie, 1901, Rev. Med. (Paris), 21, 281
Ferrand J. Essai sur l’hémiplegie des vieillards.Les Lacunes de Désintégration Cérébrale. Thesis, Jules Rousset, Paris (1902).
Hughes, 1954, Lancet, 2, 770, 10.1016/S0140-6736(54)92498-8
Poirier, 1985, Rev. Neurol., 141, 3
Besson G, Hommel M. Historical aspects of lacunes and the lacunar controversy. In:Cerebral Small Artery Diseases. Advances in Neurology (Volume 62). Pullicino PM, Caplan LR, Hommel M (Eds). Raven Press, New York, NY, USA 1–10 (1993).
Fisher, 1965, Arch. Neurol., 13, 30, 10.1001/archneur.1965.00470010034005
Fisher, 1965, Neurology, 15, 76, 10.1212/WNL.15.1.76
Fisher, 1965, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 28, 48, 10.1136/jnnp.28.1.48
Fisher, 1978, Arch. Neurol., 35, 126, 10.1001/archneur.1978.00500270008002
Fisher, 1967, Neurology, 17, 614, 10.1212/WNL.17.6.614
Fisher, 1965, Neurology, 15, 774, 10.1212/WNL.15.8.774
Mohr, 1977, Arch. Neurol., 34, 739, 10.1001/archneur.1977.00500240027004
Fisher, 1991, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 1, 311, 10.1159/000108861
Millikan, 1990, Stroke, 21, 1251, 10.1161/01.STR.21.9.1251
Boiten, 1991, Stroke, 22, 1374, 10.1161/01.STR.22.11.1374
Chamorro, 1991, Stroke, 22, 175, 10.1161/01.STR.22.2.175
Arboix, 1992, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 2, 287, 10.1159/000109029
Boiten, 1993, Stroke, 24, 652, 10.1161/01.STR.24.5.652
Norrving, 2003, Lancet Neurol., 2, 238, 10.1016/S1474-4422(03)00352-1
Wardlaw, 2005, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 76, 617, 10.1136/jnnp.2004.039982
Martí-Vilalta JL, Arboix A, Mohr JP. Lacunes. In:Stroke. Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. Mohr JP, Choi DW, Grotta JC, Weir B, Wolf PhA (Eds). Churchill–Livingstone, PA, USA 275–299 (2004).
Bamford, 1987, Stroke, 18, 545, 10.1161/01.STR.18.3.545
Gan, 1997, Neurology, 48, 1204, 10.1212/WNL.48.5.1204
Martí-Vilalta, 1999, Eur. Neurol., 41, 135, 10.1159/000008036
Mohr, 1982, Ann. Neurol., 12, 84
Arboix, 2006, Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg., 108, 638, 10.1016/j.clineuro.2005.10.010
Arboix, 1990, Stroke, 21, 842, 10.1161/01.STR.21.6.842
Norrving, 1991, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 1, 203, 10.1159/000108843
De Jong, 2002, Stroke, 33, 2072, 10.1161/01.STR.0000022807.06923.A3
Benavente, 2005, Curr. Cardiol. Rep., 7, 23, 10.1007/s11886-005-0006-6
Mast, 1995, Stroke, 26, 30, 10.1161/01.STR.26.1.30
Lodder, 1990, Stroke, 21, 375, 10.1161/01.STR.21.3.375
Arboix, 2000, Acta Neurol. Scand., 101, 25, 10.1034/j.1600-0404.2000.00005.x
Arboix, 1992, Stroke, 23, 1841, 10.1161/01.STR.23.12.1841
Tejada, 2003, Stroke, 34, 1404, 10.1161/01.STR.0000072520.53106.8C
Arboix, 2005, Acta Neurol. Scand., 111, 253, 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00353.x
Inzitari, 2000, Neurology, 54, 660, 10.1212/WNL.54.3.660
Arboix, 1991, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 1, 20, 10.1159/000108811
Gandolfo, 1988, Acta Neurol. Scand., 77, 22, 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1988.tb06968.x
You, 1995, Neurology, 45, 1483, 10.1212/WNL.45.8.1483
Matsui, 2001, Stroke, 32, 1116, 10.1161/01.STR.32.5.1116
Sasaki, 2002, Stroke, 33, 1493, 10.1161/01.STR.0000016463.01398.D0
Arboix, 2004, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 17, 58, 10.1159/000074796
Fisher, 1969, Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 12, 1, 10.1007/BF00685305
Fisher, 1979, Arch. Neurol., 36, 65, 10.1001/archneur.1979.00500380035003
Mohr, 1983, Neurol. Clin. North Am., 1, 201, 10.1016/S0733-8619(18)31179-4
Chester, 1978, Neurology, 28, 928, 10.1212/WNL.28.9.928
Laloux, 1991, Stroke, 22, 1440, 10.1161/01.STR.22.11.1440
Fisher, 1982, Neurology, 32, 871, 10.1212/WNL.32.8.871
Benhaiem-Sigaux, 1986, Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 69, 332, 10.1007/BF00688313
Fang, 1972, J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 31, 212
De Reuck, 1976, Acta Neurol. Belg., 76, 142
Ishii, 1986, Neurology, 36, 340, 10.1212/WNL.36.3.340
Mancardi, 1988, Eur. Neurol., 28, 11, 10.1159/000116220
Tuszynski, 1989, Stroke, 20, 990, 10.1161/01.STR.20.8.990
Dozono, 1991, Stroke, 22, 993, 10.1161/01.STR.22.8.993
Arboix, 1996, Rev. Clin. Esp., 196, 370
Arboix, 1998, Rev. Neurol., 26, 365
Derouesné, 1987, Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol., 13, 309, 10.1111/j.1365-2990.1987.tb00070.x
Benhaiem-Sigaux, 1987, Stroke, 18, 1087, 10.1161/01.STR.18.6.1087
Lammie, 1998, Acta Neuropathol., 96, 163, 10.1007/s004010050877
Poirier, 1985, J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 44, 312
Arboix, 1990, Eur. Neurol., 30, 47, 10.1159/000116639
Vaxman, 1983, Stroke, 14, 433, 10.1161/01.STR.14.3.433
Kappelle, 1991, Lancet, 337, 339, 10.1016/0140-6736(91)90955-O
Arboix, 1990, Stroke, 21, 826, 10.1161/str.21.5.826a
Arboix, 2005, Headache, 45, 1345, 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2005.00267.x
Arboix, 2006, Headache, 46, 1172, 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00507.x
Martí-Vilalta JL, Arboix A. Estúdio multicéntrico. In:Infarto Cerebral de Tipo Lacunar. Martí-Vilalta JL, Arboix A (Eds). Vila Sala, Barcelona, Spain 119–124 (1989).
Chimowitz, 1991, Ann. Neurol., 30, 519, 10.1002/ana.410300403
Hommel, 1990, Stroke, 21, 546, 10.1161/01.STR.21.4.546
Melo, 1992, Neurology, 42, 789, 10.1212/WNL.42.4.789
Arboix, 2001, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 71, 239, 10.1136/jnnp.71.2.239
Nighoghossian, 1993, Neurology, 43, 2197, 10.1212/WNL.43.11.2197
Ho, 1982, Arch. Neurol., 39, 524, 10.1001/archneur.1982.00510200066015
Ropper, 1979, Neurology, 29, 91, 10.1212/WNL.29.11.1556-a
Fraix, 2001, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 12, 34, 10.1159/000047678
Donnan, 1982, Neurology, 32, 49, 10.1212/WNL.32.1.49
Tapia, 1983, Stroke, 14, 505, 10.1161/01.STR.14.4.505
Arboix, 2007, Eur. J. Neurol., 14, 219, 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01660.x
Fisher, 1978, Neurology, 28, 1141, 10.1212/WNL.28.11.1141
Paciaroni, 1998, Eur. Neurol., 39, 211, 10.1159/000007936
Arboix, 2005, J. Neurol., 252, 156, 10.1007/s00415-005-0622-5
Yasuda, 1997, J. Neurol. Sci., 153, 68, 10.1016/S0022-510X(97)00173-1
Kim, 1994, Stroke, 25, 2497, 10.1161/01.STR.25.12.2497
Carrera, 2004, Stroke, 35, 2826, 10.1161/01.STR.0000147039.49252.2f
Wolk, 2002, Neurology, 59, 783, 10.1212/WNL.59.5.783
Groothuis, 1977, Ann. Neurol., 2, 328, 10.1002/ana.410020412
Blecic, 1993, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 3, 357, 10.1159/000108731
Arboix, 2003, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 16, 448, 10.1159/000072574
Arboix, 2000, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 10, 81, 10.1159/000016032
Tei, 1993, Acta Neurol. Scand., 88, 264, 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1993.tb04233.x
Moulin, 1995, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 58, 422, 10.1136/jnnp.58.4.422
Gorman, 1998, Stroke, 29, 2549, 10.1161/01.STR.29.12.2549
Besson, 1999, Rev. Neurol., 155, 209
Arboix, 2004, Med. Clin. (Barc.), 122, 342, 10.1016/S0025-7753(04)74229-3
Bogousslavsky, 1984, Arch. Neurol., 41, 892, 10.1001/archneur.1984.04050190102024
Hiraga, 2007, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 78, 1260, 10.1136/jnnp.2007.121616
Flint, 2006, Stroke, 37, E1, 10.1161/01.STR.0000195179.93268.e2
Schnapper, 1982, Stroke, 13, 518, 10.1161/01.STR.13.4.518
Bendheim, 1981, Ann. Neurol., 9, 405, 10.1002/ana.410090416
Barinagarementeria, 1988, Arch. Neurol., 45, 246, 10.1001/archneur.1988.00520270016010
Arboix, 2004, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 75, 231
Glass, 1990, Ann. Neurol., 27, 487, 10.1002/ana.410270506
Urban, 1996, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 60, 231, 10.1136/jnnp.60.2.231-a
Iguchi, 2006, Eur. J. Neurol., 3, E6, 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01304.x
Tougeron, 1988, Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 144, 596
Thurim, 1982, Neurology, 32, 1027, 10.1212/WNL.32.9.1027
Seet, 2007, J. Neurol., 254, 1129, 10.1007/s00415-006-0458-7
D’Olhaberriague, 1995, Eur. J. Neurol., 2, 553, 10.1111/j.1468-1331.1995.tb00173.x
Ghika-Schmid, 1997, J. Neurol. Sci., 146, 109, 10.1016/S0022-510X(96)00290-0
Arboix, 1991, Stroke, 22, 531, 10.1161/str.22.4.531b
10.1161/01.STR.25.10.1994
Luijckx, 1994, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 57, 742, 10.1136/jnnp.57.6.742
Arboix, 2006, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 77, 381, 10.1136/jnnp.2005.071860
Besson, 2000, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 10, 387, 10.1159/000016095
Kim, 2003, Neurology, 60, 1178, 10.1212/01.WNL.0000055930.28954.E9
Luijckx, 1993, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 3, 381, 10.1159/000108736
Erkinjuntti, 2002, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 13, 58, 10.1159/000049152
Hachinski, 1987, Arch. Neurol., 44, 21, 10.1001/archneur.1987.00520130013009
Ward NS, Brown MM. Leukoaraiosis. In:Subcortical Stroke (2nd Edition). Donnan G, Norrving B, Bamford J, Bogousslavsky J (Eds). Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA 47–66 (2002).
Mast H, Mohr JP. Binswanger’s disease and vascular dementia. In:Stroke. Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. Mohr JP, Choi DW, Grotta JC, Weir B, Wolf PHA (Eds). Churchill Livingstone, PA, USA 679–686 (2004).
Bennett, 1990, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 53, 961, 10.1136/jnnp.53.11.961
Erkinjuntti, 2000, J. Neural Transm. Suppl., 59, 23
Tsiskaridze A, de Freitas GR, Uldry PA, Bogousslavsky J. Acute infarcts in the with matter medullary artery territory of the centrum ovale. In:Subcortical Stroke (2nd Edition). Donnan G, Norrving B, Bamford J, Bogousslavsky J (Eds). Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA 47–66 (2002).
Read, 1998, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 8, 289, 10.1159/000015868
Leys, 1994, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 4, 83, 10.1159/000108457
Yonemura, 2002, Stroke, 33, 1541, 10.1161/01.STR.0000016961.01086.94
Krapf, 1998, Am. J. Neuroradiol., 19, 1479
Lammie, 1999, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 9, 82, 10.1159/000015903
Chabriat, 1995, Lancet, 346, 934, 10.1016/S0140-6736(95)91557-5
Dichgans, 2002, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 13, 37, 10.1159/000049148
Razvi, 2006, J. Neurol., 253, 685, 10.1007/s00415-006-0048-8
Arboix, 2000, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 10, 229, 10.1159/000016061
Singer, 1998, Stroke, 29, 133, 10.1161/01.STR.29.1.133
Schonewille, 1999, Stroke, 30, 2066, 10.1161/01.STR.30.10.2066
Wen, 2004, Stroke, 35, 1826, 10.1161/01.STR.0000133686.29320.58
Grau-Olivares, 2008, Eur. J. Neurol., 15, 1002, 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02220.x
Kinoshita, 2000, Stroke, 31, 1646, 10.1161/01.STR.31.7.1646
Fiehler, 2006, Int. J. Stroke, 1, 122, 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2006.00042.x
Sweeny, 1999, Neurology, 52, 557, 10.1212/WNL.52.3.557
Thompson, 1998, Neurology, 50, A215
Nikunan, 2008, Stroke, 39, 1999, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.507475
Kidwell, 2001, J. Neuroimaging, 11, 229, 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2001.tb00039.x
Chamorro, 1996, Stroke, 27, 388, 10.1161/01.STR.27.3.388
Molina, 1999, Stroke, 30, 2296, 10.1161/01.STR.30.11.2296
Kazui, 2000, Neurology, 54, 1385, 10.1212/WNL.54.6.1385
Kazui, 2001, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 12, 325, 10.1159/000047729
Tonk, 2007, J. Neurol. Sci., 257, 273, 10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.037
Dichgans, 2007, Lancet Neurol., 6, 149, 10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70028-5
Micheli, 2008, J. Neurol., 255, 637, 10.1007/s00415-008-0762-5
Baumgartner, 2003, Stroke, 34, 653, 10.1161/01.STR.0000058486.68044.3B
Steinke, 2002, Stroke, 33, 1510, 10.1161/01.STR.0000016326.78014.FE
Nakamura, 1999, Neurology, 52, 29, 10.1212/WNL.52.1.29
Serena, 2001, Stroke, 32, 1154, 10.1161/01.STR.32.5.1154
Audebert, 2004, Eur. Neurol., 51, 125, 10.1159/000077012
Jackson, 2005, Stroke, 36, 891, 10.1161/01.STR.0000157949.34986.30
Arboix, 1990, Neurología, 5, 192
Bejot, 2008, Stroke, 39, 1945, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.510933
Staals, 2008, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 25, 26, 10.1159/000111496
Jackson, 2005, Brain, 128, 2507, 10.1093/brain/awh636
Salgado, 1996, Stroke, 27, 661, 10.1161/01.STR.27.4.661
Sacco, 2006, Neurology, 66, 1335, 10.1212/01.wnl.0000210457.89798.0e
Arauz, 2003, Stroke, 34, 2453, 10.1161/01.STR.0000090351.41662.91
Arboix, 2007, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 78, 1392, 10.1136/jnnp.2007.119776
Appelros, 2005, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 20, 34, 10.1159/000086202
Tatemichi, 1992, Neurology, 42, 1966, 10.1212/WNL.42.10.1966
Schneider, 1996, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 61, 186, 10.1136/jnnp.61.2.186
Gold, 2005, Stroke, 36, 1184, 10.1161/01.STR.0000166052.89772.b5
Grau-Olivares, 2007, J. Neurol. Sci., 257, 160, 10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.022
Mok, 2008, Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg., 110, 649, 10.1016/j.clineuro.2008.03.013
Yamamoto, 2002, Stroke, 33, 2072, 10.1161/01.STR.0000022807.06923.A3
Roman, 2002, Lancet Neurol., 1, 426, 10.1016/S1474-4422(02)00190-4
Wen, 2004, Stroke, 35, 1826, 10.1161/01.STR.0000133686.29320.58
Snowdon, 1997, JAMA, 277, 813, 10.1001/jama.1997.03540340047031
Lafosse, 1997, Neuropsychology, 11, 514, 10.1037/0894-4105.11.4.514
Grau-Olivares, 2007, Cerebrovasc. Dis., 23, 353, 10.1159/000099134
Vermeer, 2003, N. Engl. J. Med., 348, 1215, 10.1056/NEJMoa022066
Van Zagten, 1996, Arch. Neurol., 53, 650, 10.1001/archneur.1996.00550070088015
Van Dijk, 2008, Stroke, 39, 2712, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.513176
Wardlaw, 2003, Stroke, 34, 806, 10.1161/01.STR.0000058480.77236.B3
Gouw, 2008, Stroke, 39, 1414, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.498535
Romano, 2008, Ann. Neurol., 63, 418, 10.1002/ana.21400
Frey, 1998, Neurology, 50, 406
Cocho, 2006, Eur. Neurol., 55, 70, 10.1159/000091982
Rashid, 2003, Stroke, 34, 2741, 10.1161/01.STR.0000092488.40085.15
Dufouil, 2004, Neurology, 62, A172, 10.1212/WNL.62.2.172
Dufouil, 2005, Circulation, 112, 1644, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.501163
Wilcox, 2007, Stroke, 38, 865, 10.1161/01.STR.0000257974.06317.49
