Lactoferrin as Immune-Enhancement Strategy for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients

Fernando Benito Bartolomé1,2, Luigi Rosa3, Piera Valenti3, Francisco Lopera4, Jesús Hernández‐Gallego5,6,2, José L. Cantero7,2, Gorka Orive8,9,10, Eva Carro2,11
1Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
2Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
3Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome la Sapienza, Rome, Italy
4Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
5Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
6Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
7Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
8Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
9Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria, Spain
10Networked Center for Biomedical Research in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
11Neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Unit, Chronic Disease Programme, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

Tóm tắt

Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) (COVID-19) causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. Severe illness of COVID-19 largely occurs in older people and recent evidence indicates that demented patients have higher risk for COVID-19. Additionally, COVID-19 further enhances the vulnerability of older adults with cognitive damage. A balance between the immune and inflammatory response is necessary to control the infection. Thus, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs are hopeful therapeutic agents for the treatment of COVID-19. Accumulating evidence suggests that lactoferrin (Lf) is active against SARS-CoV-2, likely due to its potent antiviral and anti-inflammatory actions that ultimately improves immune system responses. Remarkably, salivary Lf levels are significantly reduced in different Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stages, which may reflect AD-related immunological disturbances, leading to reduced defense mechanisms against viral pathogens and an increase of the COVID-19 susceptibility. Overall, there is an urgent necessity to protect AD patients against COVID-19, decreasing the risk of viral infections. In this context, we propose bovine Lf (bLf) as a promising preventive therapeutic tool to minimize COVID-19 risk in patients with dementia or AD.

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Tài liệu tham khảo

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