La douleur du brûlé

Weissman D.E. andHaddox J.D.: Opioid pseudo-addiction, an iatrogenic syndrome.Pain 36, 363–366, 1989.

Allard J.P., Khursheed N. andJeejeebhoy M.B.: Factors influencing energy expenditure in patients with burns.J. Trauma. 28, 199–203, 1988.

Melzack R.: The tragedy of needless suffering.Scientific American 262, 27–33, 1990.

Watkins P.N., Cook L.E., May S.R. andStill J.M.: The role of the psychiatrist in the team treatment of the adult patient with burns.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 13, 19–27, 1992.

Watkins P.N., Cook L.E., May S.R. andEhleben C.M.: Psychological stages in adaptation following burn injury: a method for facilating psychological recovery in burn victims.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 9, 376–384, 1988.

Andreansen J.C., Noyes R., Hart C.E. et al.: Management of emotional reactions in seriouly burned adults.N. Engl. J. Med. 286, 65–69, 1972.

Steiner H. andClark W.R.: Psychiatric complications of burned adults: a classification.J. Trauma. 17, 134–143, 1977.

Courtemanche D.J. andRobinow O.: Recognition and treatment of the post-traumatic stress disorder in the burn victim.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 10, 247–250, 1989.

Stella M., Ramieri G. andCalcagni M. it:La rigenerazione nervosa sensitiva cutanea nel paziente ustionato.Riv. Ital. Chir. Plastica 20, 405–417, 1988.

Meyer R.A. andCampbell J.M.: Peripheral mechanisms of cutaneous hyperalgesia.In: Advances in Pain Research and Therapy 9, 53–71, 1985. Raven Press ed.

Mendell L.M. andWall P.D.: Response of single dorsal cord cells to peripheral cutaneous unmyelinated fibers.Nature 206, 97–99, 1965.

Tredde R.D., Meyer R.A., Raja S.N. andCampbell J.N.: Peripheral and central mechanisms of cutaneous hyperalgesia.Prog. Neurobiol. 38, 397–421, 1992.

McQuay H.J., Caroll D. andMorre R.A.: Postoperative orthopedic pain: the effect of opiate premedication and local anesthesic blocks.Pain 33, 291–294, 1988.

Choinière M., Melzack R. andPapillon J.: Pain and paresthesia in patients with healed burns.J. of Pain and Sympt. Manag. 6, 437–444, 1991.

Atchinson N.E., Osgood P.F. andCarr D.B.: Pain during burn dressing changes in children: relationship to burn area, depth and analgesic regimen.Pain 47, 41–47, 1991.

Latarjet J.: Traitement de la douleur du brûlé.In: «Les Brulûres», 204–220. Masson, Paris, 1993.

Choinière M., Melzack R., Rondeau J. et al.: The pain of burns, characteristics and correlates.J. Trauma. 29, 1531–1539, 1989.

Perry S., Heindrich G. andRamos E.: Assessment of pain in burned patients.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 2, 322–326, 1981.

Choinière M.: The pain of burns.In: P. Wall and R. Melzack. Textbook of pain.Churchill-Livingstone, 402–408, 1988.

Giuliani C.A. andPerry G.A.: Factors to consider in the rehabilitation aspect of burn care.Physical Therapy 65, 619–623, 1985.

Ward P.S. andJeffrey P.T. et al.: Sensory loss over grafted areas in patients with burns.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 10, 536–538, 1989.

Heidrich G., Perry S. andAmand R.: Nursing staff attitudes about pain.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 2, 259–261, 1981.

Perry S. andHeindrich G.: Management of pain during debridement: a survey.Pain 13, 267–280, 1982.

Schnurrer J.A., Marvin J.A. andHeimbach D.M.: Evaluation of pediatric pain medications in burns.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 6, 105–107, 1985.

Latarjet J.: La douleur de l’enfant brûlé. Bilan des pratiques. Comm. 16e réunion annuelle de la Société Française de la Douleur. Paris, 26–28 Novembre 1992.

Jaffe J.H. andMartin R.: Opioid analgesics ans antagonists.In: Goodmans and Gilman (eds).The pharmacological basis of therapeutics (8 th edition), 485–521, Mc Gray Hill, New York, 1983.

Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHPCR): Acute pain management: operative or medical procedures and trauma, part 2.Clinical Pharmacy 11, 391–413, 1992.

American Pain Society (APS): Principles of analgesic use in the treatment of acute pain and cancer pain. APS, Skokie l1.

Prizot S., Latarjet J. andBouchet P.: Group «liaison» psychiatry as exclusive psychiatric therapeutic tool in a new burn center.Scand. J. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 21, 315–316, 1987.

Ready L.B. andEdwards W.T.:Management of acute pain: a practical guide. 26–33, I.A.S.P. Publication, Seattle, 1992.

Kinsella J., Glavin R. andReid W.H.: Patient-controlled analgesia for burned patients: a preliminary report.Burns 14, 500–503, 1988.

Choinière M., Grenier R. andPaquette C.: Patient-controlled analgesia: a double-blind study in burned patients.Anaesthesia 47, 467–472, 1992.

Brofeldt B.T., Cornwell P. et al.: Tropical lidocaine in the treatment of partial-thickness burns.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 10, 63–68, 1989.

Jonsson A., Cassuto J. andHanson B.: Inhibition of burn pain by intraveinous lidocaine infusion.The Lancet 338, 151, 1991.

Latarjet J.: Prise en charge de l’enfant brûlé pendant les 24 premières heures. Comm. 3e journée de l’UNESCO, «La douleur de l’enfant. Quelles réponses?» 21 janvier 1994.

Garrel D.R., Davignon I. andLopez D.: Length of care in patients with severe burns with or without early enteral nutritional support.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 11, 275–279, 1991.

Latarjet J., Robert A. andFoyatier J.L.: Analgesia for beside burn dressings by intraveinous Alfentanyl in adults. Comm. 25th meeting of the American Burn association. Abst 138. Cincinnaty, March 1993.

Filkins S.A., Cosgrave P. andMarvin J.A.: Self-administered anesthetic: a method of pain control.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 2, 33–34, 1981.

Martyn J.A.J.: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics in burns.In: Martyn J.A.J. (ed).Acute management of the burned patient, 180–200, W.W. Saunders, Philadelphia.

Galizia J.P., Cantineau D., Selosse A. et al.: Essai comparatif du protofol et de la Kétamine au cours de l’anesthésie pour bain des grands brûlés.Ann. Fr. Anesth. Réan. 6, 320–323, 1987.

Paterson D.R., Questad K.A. andde Lateur B.: Hypnotherapy as a treatment in patients with burns: research and clinical considerations.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 8, 263–268, 1987.

Paterson D.R.: Practical applications of psychological techniques in controlling burn pain.J. Burn Care Rehabil. 13, 13–18, 1992.

Van Rijn O.J.L.: The aetiology of burns in developed countries: review of the litterature.Burn 15, 217–221, 1989.

Weinberger J.L. andKantor M.: Possible sequelae of trauma and somatic disorders in early life.Int. J. Psychiatric Med. 7, 337–349, 1976.

Mac Grath P.A.: Pain in children, 223–228, Guilford ed.

Osgood P.F. andSzyfelbein S.K.: Management of burn pain in children.Pediatric Clinics of North America 36, 1001–1012, 1989.

McRorie T.I., Lynn A.M. et al.: The maturation of morphine clearance and metabolism.Am. J. Dis. Chid. 147, 972–976, 1992.

Gaukroger P.B., Chapman M.J. andDavey R.B.: Pain control in paediatric burns. The use of patient-controlled analgesia.Burns 17, 396–399, 1991.

White P.F., Way W.L. andTrevor A.J.: Ketamine, its pharmacology and therapeutic uses.Anesthesiology 56, 119–136, 1982.

Choinière M., Auger F. andLatarjet J.: Visual analogue thermometer: a valid and useful instrument for measuring pain in burned patients. Comm. 26th annuel meeting of the American Burn Association. Orlando, April 1994.

Piquard-Gauvin A., Rodary C., Revzabi A. et al.: Pain in children of 2 to 6 years. A new observational rating scale elabored in a pediatric oncology unit.Pain 31, 177–188, 1987.