Key CDO functions for successful digital transformation: Insights from a Delphi study

Adner, 2003, Corporate effects and dynamic managerial capabilities, Strateg. Manag. J., 24, 1011, 10.1002/smj.331 Aengenheyster, 2017, Real-time Delphi in practice —a comparative analysis of existing software-based tools, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 118, 15, 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.01.023 Annarelli, 2021, Literature review on digitalization capabilities: co-citation analysis of antecedents, conceptualization and consequences, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 166, 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120635 Beiderbeck, 2021, Preparing, conducting, and analyzing Delphi surveys: cross-disciplinary practices, new directions, and advancements, MethodsX, 8, 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101401 Beiderbeck, 2021, The impact of COVID-19 on the European football ecosystem – a Delphi-based scenario analysis technological forecasting and, Soc. Chang., 165 Bharadwaj, 2013, Digital business strategy: toward a next generation of insights, MIS Q., 471, 10.25300/MISQ/2013/37:2.3 Bonaccorsi, 2020, Expert biases in technology foresight. Why they are a problem and how to mitigate them, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 151, 10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119855 Christie, 2005, The Delphi technique as a method for increasing inclusion in the evaluation process, Can. J. Program Eval., 20, 105, 10.3138/cjpe.020.005 Dong, 2016, Generative sensing: a design perspective on the microfoundations of sensing capabilities, Calif. Manag. Rev., 58, 97, 10.1525/cmr.2016.58.4.97 Earley, 2017, The evolving role of the CDO, IT Professional, 19, 64, 10.1109/MITP.2017.4 Etikan, 2017, Sampling and sampling methods, Biometrics Biostat Int. J., 5, 00149 Fitzgerald, 2014, Embracing digital technology: a new strategic imperative, MIT Sloan Manag. Rev., 55, 1 Flostrand, 2020, The Delphi technique in forecasting– a 42-year bibliographic analysis (1975–2017), Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 150, 10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119773 Giannarou, 2014, Using Delphi technique to build consensus in practice, Int. J. Bus. Sci. Appl. Manag., 9, 65 Gnatzy, 2011, Validating an innovative real-time Delphi approach - a methodological comparison between real-time and conventional Delphi studies, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 78, 1681, 10.1016/j.techfore.2011.04.006 Gong, 2021, Developing a unified definition of digital transformation, Technovation, 102, 10.1016/j.technovation.2020.102217 Gordon, 2006, RT Delphi: an efficient, “round-less” almost real time Delphi method, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 73, 321, 10.1016/j.techfore.2005.09.005 Gordon, 2020, 50 Years of corporate and organizational foresight: looking back and going forward, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 154, 10.1016/j.techfore.2020.119966 Häder, 2002 Haffke, 2016, The Role of the CIO and the CDO in an organization’s digital transformation Hakan, 2011, CIPP evaluation model scale: development, reliability and validity, Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 15, 592, 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.03.146 Hansen, 2011, Rapid adaptation in digital transformation: a participatory process for engaging IS and business leaders, MIS Q. Exec., 10 Hasson, 2011, Enhancing rigour in the Delphi technique research, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 78, 1695, 10.1016/j.techfore.2011.04.005 Hasson, 2000, Research guidelines for the Delphi survey technique, J. Adv. Nurs., 32, 1008, 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.t01-1-01567.x Hess, 2016, Options for formulating a digital transformation strategy, MIS Q. Exec., 15, 123 Hilbert, 2009, Foresight tools for participative policy-making in inter-governmental processes in developing countries: lessons learned from the eLAC policy priorities Delphi, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 76, 880, 10.1016/j.techfore.2009.01.001 Horlacher, 2016, Co-creating value: the dyadic CDO-CIO relationship during the digital transformation Horlacher, 2016, What does a chief digital officer do? Managerial tasks and roles of a new C-level position in the context of digital transformation, 5126 Kavoura, 2016, Applying Delphi method for strategic design of social entrepreneurship, Libr. Rev., 65, 185, 10.1108/LR-06-2015-0062 Keil, 2013, Understanding the most critical skills for managing IT projects: a Delphi study of IT project managers, Inf. Manag., 50, 398, 10.1016/j.im.2013.05.005 Kiron, 2016, Aligning the organization for its digital future, MIT Sloan Manag. Rev., 58 Kokshagina, 2021, Managing shifts to value-based healthcare and value digitalization as a multi-level dynamic capability development process, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 172, 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121072 Linde, 2021, Dynamic capabilities for ecosystem orchestration A capability-based framework for smart city innovation initiatives, Tech. Forcasting Soc. Chang., 166 Liu, 2011, Resource fit in digital transformation: lessons learned from the CBC Bank global e-banking project, Manag. Decis., 49, 1728, 10.1108/00251741111183852 Markmann, 2020, Improving the question formulation in Delphi-like surveys: analysis of the effects of abstract language and amount of information on response behavior, Futures Foresight Science, 1 Matt, 2015, Digital transformation strategies, Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng., 57, 339, 10.1007/s12599-015-0401-5 Mullen, 2003, Delphi: myths and reality, J. Health Org. Manag., 17, 37, 10.1108/14777260310469319 North, 2019, Promoting digitally enabled growth in SMEs: a framework proposal, J. Enterp. Inf. Manag., 33, 238, 10.1108/JEIM-04-2019-0103 Okoli, 2004, The Delphi method as a research tool: an example, design considerations and applications, Inf. Manag., 42, 15, 10.1016/j.im.2003.11.002 Osborne, 2003, What “ideas-about-science” should be taught in school science? A Delphi study of the expert community, J. Res. Sci. Teach., 40, 692, 10.1002/tea.10105 Rezaei, 2021, Key indicators of ethical challenges in digital healthcare: a combined Delphi exploration and confirmative factor analysis approach with evidence from Khorasan province in Iran, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 167, 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120724 Roßmann, 2018, The future and social impact of big data analytics in supply chain management: results from a Delphi study, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 130, 135, 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.10.005 Sambamurthy, 2000, Research commentary: the organizing logic for an enterprise's IT activities in the digital era – a prognosis of practice and a call for research, Inf. Syst. Res., 11, 105, 10.1287/isre.11.2.105.11780 Schmidt, 1997, Managing Delphi surveys using non-parametric statistical techniques, Decis. Sci., 28, 763, 10.1111/j.1540-5915.1997.tb01330.x Singh, 2017, How chief digital officers promote the digital transformation of their companies, MIS Q. Exec., 16, 1 Singh, 2020, How do chief digital officers pursue digital transformation activities? The role of organization design parameters, Long Range Plan., 53, 10.1016/j.lrp.2019.07.001 Skulmoski, 2007, The Delphi method for graduate research, J. Information Technol. Educ. Res., 6, 1, 10.28945/199 Teece, 2007, Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance, Strateg. Manag. J., 28, 1319, 10.1002/smj.640 Tumbas, 2017, Three types of chief digital officers and the reasons organizations adopt the role, MIS Q. Exec., 16 Vial, 2019, Understanding digital transformation: a review and a research agenda, J. Strateg. Inf. Syst., 28, 118, 10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003 Warner, 2019, Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: an ongoing process of strategic renewal, Long Range Plan., 52, 326, 10.1016/j.lrp.2018.12.001 Warth, 2013, A dissent-based approach for multi-stakeholder scenario development—the future of electric drive vehicles, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 80, 566, 10.1016/j.techfore.2012.04.005 Winkler, 2016, Biases in future-oriented Delphi studies: a cognitive perspective, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., 105, 63, 10.1016/j.techfore.2016.01.021