Căng thẳng liên quan đến công việc ở các y tá tâm thần tại Nhật Bản chăm sóc bệnh nhân cao tuổi mắc chứng sa sút trí tuệ

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine - Tập 19 - Trang 436-443 - 2014
Hironori Yada1,2, Hiroshi Abe3, Xi Lu1, Yuko Wakizaki4, Hisamitsu Omori1, Hisae Matsuo3, Yasushi Ishida3, Takahiko Katoh1
1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
2Department of Nursing, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
3Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Japan
4Former School of Nursing at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan

Tóm tắt

Chúng tôi đã điều tra tính đặc thù và cấu trúc của căng thẳng liên quan đến công việc ở các y tá tâm thần điều trị bệnh nhân sa sút trí tuệ (PDNs) chăm sóc bệnh nhân cao tuổi gặp phải những triệu chứng hành vi và tâm lý nghiêm trọng của bệnh sa sút trí tuệ, những người cần sự trợ giúp đáng kể trong các hoạt động sinh hoạt hàng ngày, nhằm thu thập kiến thức cơ bản hướng tới việc cung cấp chăm sóc sức khỏe tâm thần cho các y tá này. Đối tượng nghiên cứu là 244 y tá [63 PDNs và 181 y tá tâm thần khác (OPNs)]. Phân tích phương sai để kiểm tra tính đặc thù của căng thẳng liên quan đến công việc ở PDNs tiết lộ rằng khối lượng công việc thể chất và môi trường làm việc là những yếu tố gây căng thẳng quan trọng hơn, và sự cáu kỉnh cùng lo âu là những phản ứng căng thẳng đáng kể hơn ở PDNs so với OPNs. Một cuộc kiểm tra về cấu trúc căng thẳng liên quan đến công việc của PDNs trong một mô hình phương trình cấu trúc với hai phản ứng căng thẳng được xác nhận là những kết quả đặc trưng cho PDNs cho thấy ảnh hưởng tích cực đáng kể của môi trường làm việc đến sự cáu kỉnh; việc sử dụng các kỹ thuật cho lo âu và khối lượng công việc thể chất ảnh hưởng đến cả hai phản ứng căng thẳng. Các phát hiện của chúng tôi nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của việc giảm khối lượng công việc thể chất và môi trường cũng như thiết lập một cấu trúc cho các kỹ thuật điều dưỡng trong các khoa tâm thần điều trị bệnh nhân sa sút trí tuệ nhằm cải thiện sức khỏe tâm thần của PDNs.

Từ khóa

#căng thẳng nghề nghiệp #y tá tâm thần #sa sút trí tuệ #sức khỏe tâm thần #phương pháp điều dưỡng

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