JCS 2020 Guideline Focused Update on Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
1. Kimura K, Kimura T, Ishihara M, et al. Japanese Circulation Society Joint Working Group. JCS 2018 guideline on diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndrome. <i>Circ J</i> 2019; 83: 1085–1196. PMID: 30930428
2. Nakamura M, et al. JCS 2018 guideline on revascularization of stable coronary artery disease. 2019.
3. Kang J, Park KW, Palmerini T, et al. Racial differences in ischaemia/bleeding risk trade-off during anti-platelet therapy: Individual patient level landmark meta-analysis from seven RCTs. <i>Thromb Haemost</i> 2019; 119: 149–162. PMID: 30597509
4. Levine GN, Jeong YH, Goto S, et al. Expert consensus document: World Heart Federation expert consensus statement on antiplatelet therapy in East Asian patients with ACS or undergoing PCI. <i>Nat Rev Cardiol</i> 2014; 11: 597–606. PMID: 25154978
5. Urban P, Mehran R, Colleran R, et al. Defining high bleeding risk in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A consensus document from the Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk. <i>Circulation</i> 2019; 140: 240–261. PMID: 31116032
6. Urban P, Mehran R, Colleran R, et al. Defining high bleeding risk in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A consensus document from the Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk. <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2019; 40: 2632–2653. PMID: 31116395
7. Natsuaki M, Morimoto T, Shiomi H, et al. CREDO-Kyoto PCI/CABG registry cohort-2 investigators. Application of the Academic Research Consortium High Bleeding Risk Criteria in an all-comers registry of percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>Circ Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2019; 12: e008307. PMID: 31707804
8. Watanabe H, Domei T, Morimoto T, et al. STOPDAPT-2 Investigators. Very short dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation in patients with high bleeding risk: Insight from the STOPDAPT-2 Trial. <i>Circulation</i> 2019; 140: 1957–1959. PMID: 31560216
9. Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, et al. 2019 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes: The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2020; 41: 407–477. PMID: 31504439
10. Leon MB, Baim DS, Popma JJ, et al. Stent Anticoagulation Restenosis Study Investigators. A clinical trial comparing three antithrombotic-drug regimens after coronary-artery stenting. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 1998; 339: 1665–1671. PMID: 9834303
11. Mauri L, Kereiakes DJ, Yeh RW, et al. DAPT Study Investigators. Twelve or 30 months of dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stents. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2014; 371: 2155–2166. PMID: 25399658
12. Palmerini T, Benedetto U, Bacchi-Reggiani L, et al. Mortality in patients treated with extended duration dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation: A pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomised trials. <i>Lancet</i> 2015; 385: 2371–2382. PMID: 25777667
13. Toyota T, Shiomi H, Morimoto T, et al. Short versus prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration after coronary stent implantation: A comparison between the DAPT study and 9 other trials evaluating DAPT duration. <i>PLoS One</i> 2017; 12: e0174502. PMID: 28931015
14. Costa F, van Klaveren D, James S, et al. PRECISE-DAPT Study Investigators. Derivation and validation of the predicting bleeding complications in patients undergoing stent implantation and subsequent dual antiplatelet therapy (PRECISE-DAPT) score: A pooled analysis of individual-patient datasets from clinical trials. <i>Lancet</i> 2017; 389: 1025–1034. PMID: 28290994
15. Yeh RW, Secemsky EA, Kereiakes DJ, et al. DAPT Study Investigators. Development and validation of a prediction rule for benefit and harm of dual antiplatelet therapy beyond 1 year after percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>JAMA</i> 2016; 315: 1735–1749. PMID: 27022822
16. Natsuaki M, Morimoto T, Yamaji K, et al. CREDO-Kyoto PCI/CABG Registry Cohort 2, RESET, and NEXT trial investigators. Prediction of thrombotic and bleeding events after percutaneous coronary intervention: CREDO-Kyoto thrombotic and bleeding risk scores. <i>J Am Heart Assoc</i> 2018; 7: e008708. PMID: 29789335
17. Yeh RW, Secemsky E, Kereiakes DJ, et al. 2015 Late-Breaking Clinical Trial Abstracts: Individualizing treatment duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention: An analysis of the DAPT study. <i>Circulation</i> 2015; 132: 2272. PMID: 26644250
18. Yoshikawa Y, Shiomi H, Watanabe H, et al. Validating utility of dual antiplatelet therapy score in a large pooled cohort from 3 Japanese percutaneous coronary intervention studies. <i>Circulation</i> 2018; 137: 551–562. PMID: 28982692
19. Baber U, Mehran R, Giustino G, et al. Coronary thrombosis and major bleeding after PCI with drug-eluting stents: Risk scores from PARIS. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2016; 67: 2224–2234. PMID: 27079334
20. Généreux P, Giustino G, Witzenbichler B, et al. Incidence, predictors, and impact of post-discharge bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2015; 66: 1036–1045. PMID: 26314532
21. Mehran R, Pocock SJ, Nikolsky E, et al. A risk score to predict bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2010; 55: 2556–2566. PMID: 20513595
22. Subherwal S, Bach RG, Chen AY, et al. Baseline risk of major bleeding in non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction: The CRUSADE (Can Rapid risk stratification of Unstable angina patients Suppress ADverse outcomes with Early implementation of the ACC/AHA Guidelines) Bleeding Score. <i>Circulation</i> 2009; 119: 1873–1882. PMID: 19332461
23. Halkin A, Singh M, Nikolsky E, et al. Prediction of mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction: The CADILLAC risk score. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2005; 45: 1397–1405. PMID: 15862409
24. Palmerini T, Genereux P, Caixeta A, et al. A new score for risk stratification of patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: The ACUITY-PCI (Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) risk score. <i>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2012; 5: 1108–1116. PMID: 23174634
25. Peterson ED, Dai D, DeLong ER, et al. NCDR Registry Participants. Contemporary mortality risk prediction for percutaneous coronary intervention: Results from 588,398 procedures in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2010; 55: 1923–1932. PMID: 20430263
26. Antman EM, Cohen M, Bernink PJ, et al. The TIMI risk score for unstable angina/non-ST elevation MI: A method for prognostication and therapeutic decision making. <i>JAMA</i> 2000; 284: 835–842. PMID: 10938172
27. Valgimigli M, Bueno H, Byrne RA, et al. 2017 ESC focused update on dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease developed in collaboration with EACTS: The Task Force for dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2018; 39: 213–260. PMID: 28886622
28. Roffi M, Patrono C, Collet JP, et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2016; 37: 267–315. PMID: 26320110
29. Giustino G, Chieffo A, Palmerini T, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Complex PCI. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2016; 68: 1851–1864. PMID: 27595509
30. Kimura T, Morimoto T, Furukawa Y, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of sirolimus-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in real world clinical practice in Japan. <i>Cardiovasc Interv Ther</i> 2011; 26: 234–245. PMID: 24122590
31. Kimura T, Morimoto T, Natsuaki M, et al. RESET Investigators. Comparison of everolimus-eluting and sirolimus-eluting coronary stents: 1-year outcomes from the Randomized Evaluation of Sirolimus-eluting Versus Everolimus-eluting stent Trial (RESET). <i>Circulation</i> 2012; 126: 1225–1236. PMID: 22824435
32. Natsuaki M, Kozuma K, Morimoto T, et al. NEXT Investigators. Biodegradable polymer biolimus-eluting stent versus durable polymer everolimus-eluting stent: A randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2013; 62: 181–190. PMID: 23684673
33. Alba AC, Agoritsas T, Walsh M, et al. Discrimination and calibration of clinical prediction models: Users’ guides to the medical literature. <i>JAMA</i> 2017; 318: 1377–1384. PMID: 29049590
34. Nagao K, Watanabe H, Morimoto T, et al. CREDO-Kyoto PCI/CABG Registry Cohort-2, RESET, and NEXT Investigators. Prognostic impact of baseline hemoglobin levels on long-term thrombotic and bleeding events after percutaneous coronary interventions. <i>J Am Heart Assoc</i> 2019; 8: e013703. PMID: 31701786
35. Numasawa Y, Ueda I, Sawano M, et al. Relation of baseline hemoglobin level to in-hospital outcomes in patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (from a Japanese Multicenter Registry). <i>Am J Cardiol</i> 2018; 121: 695–702. PMID: 29361289
36. Nakamura M, Kozuma K, Kitazono T, et al. Prasugrel for Japanese patients with ischemic heart disease in long-term clinical practice (PRASFIT-Practice II): A 3-month interim analysis of a postmarketing observational study. <i>Circ J</i> 2019; 83: 637–646. PMID: 30674776
37. Nakamura M, Kitazono T, Kozuma K, et al. Prasugrel for Japanese patients with ischemic heart disease in long-term clinical practice (PRASFIT-Practice II): 1-year follow-up results of a postmarketing observational study. <i>Circ J</i> 2019; 84: 101–108. PMID: 31748446
38. Numasawa Y, Inohara T, Ishii H, et al. J-PCI Registry Investigators. Comparison of outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention in elderly patients, including 10 628 nonagenarians: Insights from a Japanese Nationwide Registry (J-PCI Registry). <i>J Am Heart Assoc</i> 2019; 8: e011183. PMID: 30791799
39. Numasawa Y, Inohara T, Ishii H, et al. Comparison of outcomes of women versus men with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (from the Japanese Nationwide Registry). <i>Am J Cardiol</i> 2017; 119: 826–831. PMID: 28040190
40. Saito S, Isshiki T, Kimura T, et al. PRASFIT-ACS and PRASFIT-Elective Investigators. Impact of arterial access route on bleeding complications in Japanese patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: Insight from the PRASFIT Trial. <i>Circ J</i> 2015; 79: 1928–1937. PMID: 26040334
41. Kang J, Park KW, Ki YJ, et al. Development and validation of an ischemic and bleeding risk evaluation tool in East Asian patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>Thromb Haemost</i> 2019; 119: 1182–1193. PMID: 31079414
42. Eikelboom JW, Connolly SJ, Bosch J, et al. COMPASS Investigators. Rivaroxaban with or without aspirin in stable cardiovascular disease. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2017; 377: 1319–1330. PMID: 28844192
43. Ducrocq G, Wallace JS, Baron G, et al. REACH Investigators. Risk score to predict serious bleeding in stable outpatients with or at risk of atherothrombosis. <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2010; 31: 1257–1265. PMID: 20181681
44. de Groot NL, Hagenaars MP, Smeets HM, et al. Primary non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in NSAID and low-dose aspirin users: Development and validation of risk scores for either medication in two large Dutch cohorts. <i>J Gastroenterol</i> 2014; 49: 245–253. PMID: 23609946
45. Raposeiras-Roubín S, Faxén J, Íñiguez-Romo A, et al. Development and external validation of a post-discharge bleeding risk score in patients with acute coronary syndrome: The BleeMACS score. <i>Int J Cardiol</i> 2018; 254: 10–15. PMID: 29407077
46. Watanabe H, Domei T, Morimoto T, et al. STOPDAPT-2 Investigators. Effect of 1-month dual antiplatelet therapy followed by clopidogrel vs 12-month dual antiplatelet therapy on cardiovascular and bleeding events in patients receiving PCI: The STOPDAPT-2 Randomized Clinical Trial. <i>JAMA</i> 2019; 321: 2414–2427. PMID: 31237644
47. Numasawa Y, Inohara T, Ishii H, et al. J-PCI Registry Investigators. An overview of percutaneous coronary intervention in dialysis patients: Insights from a Japanese nationwide registry. <i>Catheter Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2019; 94: E1–E8. PMID: 30467967
48. Numasawa Y, Kohsaka S, Ueda I, et al. Incidence and predictors of bleeding complications after percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>J Cardiol</i> 2017; 69: 272–279. PMID: 27269413
49. Nakamura M, Iizuka T, Sagawa K, et al. Prasugrel for Japanese patients with acute coronary syndrome in short-term clinical practice (PRASFIT-Practice I): A postmarketing observational study. <i>Cardiovasc Interv Ther</i> 2018; 33: 135–145. PMID: 28213685
50. Natsuaki M, Morimoto T, Watanabe H, et al. CREDO-Kyoto PCI/CABG registry cohort-2, RESET and NEXT trial investigators. Ischemic and bleeding risk after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with prior ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. <i>J Am Heart Assoc</i> 2019; 8: e013356. PMID: 31701821
51. Ito S, Watanabe H, Morimoto T, et al. Impact of baseline thrombocytopenia on bleeding and mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>Am J Cardiol</i> 2018; 121: 1304–1314. PMID: 29628128
52. Costa F, Van Klaveren D, Feres F, et al. PRECISE-DAPT Study Investigators. Dual antiplatelet therapy duration based on ischemic and bleeding risks after coronary stenting. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2019; 73: 741–754. PMID: 30784667
53. Mak KH, Bhatt DL, Shao M, et al. Ethnic variation in adverse cardiovascular outcomes and bleeding complications in the Clopidogrel for High Atherothrombotic Risk and Ischemic Stabilization, Management, and Avoidance (CHARISMA) study. <i>Am Heart J</i> 2009; 157: 658–665. PMID: 19332192
54. Kohsaka S, Miyata H, Ueda I, et al. JCD-KiCS and NCDR. An international comparison of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A collaborative study of the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) and Japan Cardiovascular Database-Keio interhospital Cardiovascular Studies (JCD-KiCS). <i>Am Heart J</i> 2015; 170: 1077–1085. PMID: 26678628
55. Park DW, Kwon O, Jang JS, et al. TICAKOREA Investigators. Clinically significant bleeding with ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in Korean patients with acute coronary syndromes intended for invasive management: A Randomized Clinical Trial. <i>Circulation</i> 2019; 140: 1865–1877. PMID: 31553203
56. Antithrombotic Trialists’ (ATT) Collaboration. Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: Collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. <i>Lancet</i> 2009; 373: 1849–1860. PMID: 19482214
57. Freimark D, Matetzky S, Leor J, et al. Timing of aspirin administration as a determinant of survival of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis. <i>Am J Cardiol</i> 2002; 89: 381–385. PMID: 11835915
58. Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, McCabe CH, et al. TRITON-TIMI 38 Investigators. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2007; 357: 2001–2015. PMID: 17982182
59. Saito S, Isshiki T, Kimura T, et al. Efficacy and safety of adjusted-dose prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in Japanese patients with acute coronary syndrome: The PRASFIT-ACS study. <i>Circ J</i> 2014; 78: 1684–1692. PMID: 24759796
60. Montalescot G, Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, et al. TRITON-TIMI 38 investigators. Prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (TRITON-TIMI 38): Double-blind, randomised controlled trial. <i>Lancet</i> 2009; 373: 723–731. PMID: 19249633
61. Mehta SR, Yusuf S, Peters RJ, et al. Clopidogrel in Unstable angina to prevent Recurrent Events trial (CURE) Investigators. Effects of pretreatment with clopidogrel and aspirin followed by long-term therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: The PCI-CURE study. <i>Lancet</i> 2001; 358: 527–533. PMID: 11520521
62. Wallentin L, Becker RC, Budaj A, et al. PLATO Investigators. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2009; 361: 1045–1057. PMID: 19717846
63. Goto S, Huang CH, Park SJ, et al. Ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel in Japanese, Korean and Taiwanese patients with acute coronary syndrome: Randomized, double-blind, phase III PHILO study. <i>Circ J</i> 2015; 79: 2452–2460. PMID: 26376600
64. Schüpke S, Neumann FJ, Menichelli M, et al. ISAR-REACT 5 Trial Investigators. Ticagrelor or prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2019; 381: 1524–1534. PMID: 31475799
65. Montalescot G, Bolognese L, Dudek D, et al. ACCOAST Investigators. Pretreatment with prasugrel in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2013; 369: 999–1010. PMID: 23991622
66. Steinhubl SR, Berger PB, Mann JT III, et al. CREDO Investigators. Clopidogrel for the reduction of events during observation. Early and sustained dual oral antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized controlled trial. <i>JAMA</i> 2002; 288: 2411–2420. PMID: 12435254
67. Isshiki T, Kimura T, Ogawa H, et al. PRASFIT-Elective Investigators. Prasugrel, a third-generation P2Y<sub>12</sub> receptor antagonist, in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>Circ J</i> 2014; 78: 2926–2934. PMID: 25342212
68. Montalescot G, van’t Hof AW, Lapostolle F, et al. ATLANTIC Investigators. Prehospital ticagrelor in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2014; 371: 1016–1027. PMID: 25175921
69. Rollini F, Franchi F, Hu J, et al. Crushed Prasugrel Tablets in Patients With STEMI Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The CRUSH Study. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2016; 67: 1994–2004. PMID: 27012781
70. Parodi G, Bellandi B, Xanthopoulou I, et al. Morphine is associated with a delayed activity of oral antiplatelet agents in patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>Circ Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2015; 8: e001593. PMID: 25552565
71. Sabatine MS, Cannon CP, Gibson CM, et al. Clopidogrel as Adjunctive Reperfusion Therapy (CLARITY)-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 28 Investigators. Effect of clopidogrel pretreatment before percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with fibrinolytics: The PCI-CLARITY study. <i>JAMA</i> 2005; 294: 1224–1232. PMID: 16143698
72. Chen ZM, Jiang LX, Chen YP, et al. COMMIT (ClOpidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial) collaborative group. Addition of clopidogrel to aspirin in 45,852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: Randomised placebo-controlled trial. <i>Lancet</i> 2005; 366: 1607–1621. PMID: 16271642
73. Hahn JY, Song YB, Oh JH, et al. SMART-DATE investigators. 6-month versus 12-month or longer dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome (SMART-DATE): A randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial. <i>Lancet</i> 2018; 391: 1274–1284. PMID: 29544699
74. Natsuaki M, Morimoto T, Yamamoto E, et al. One-year outcome of a prospective trial stopping dual antiplatelet therapy at 3 months after everolimus-eluting cobalt-chromium stent implantation: ShortT and OPtimal duration of Dual AntiPlatelet Therapy after everolimus-eluting cobalt-chromium stent (STOPDAPT) trial. <i>Cardiovasc Interv Ther</i> 2016; 31: 196–209. PMID: 26518420
75. Mehran R, Baber U, Sharma SK, et al. Ticagrelor with or without aspirin in high-risk patients after PCI. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2019; 381: 2032–2042. PMID: 31556978
76. Antithrombotic Trialists’ Collaboration. Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients. <i>BMJ</i> 2002; 324: 71–86. PMID: 11786451
77. Schömig A, Neumann FJ, Kastrati A, et al. A randomized comparison of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy after the placement of coronary-artery stents. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 1996; 334: 1084–1089. PMID: 8598866
78. Correction. (Erratum for <i>Circulation</i> 2011; <b>124:</b> 2458–2473. PMID: 22052934) <i>Circulation</i> 2015; 131: e408. PMID: 25869009
79. Pattanaik D, Lieberman P, Das P. Aspirin sensitivity and coronary artery disease: Implications for the practicing cardiologist. <i>Future Cardiol</i> 2012; 8: 555–562. PMID: 22871195
80. Hahn JY, Song YB, Oh JH, et al. SMART-CHOICE Investigators. Effect of P2Y12 Inhibitor Monotherapy vs Dual Antiplatelet Therapy on Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The SMART-CHOICE Randomized Clinical Trial. <i>JAMA</i> 2019; 321: 2428–2437. PMID: 31237645
81. Delewi R, Zijlstra F, Piek JJ. Left ventricular thrombus formation after acute myocardial infarction. <i>Heart</i> 2012; 98: 1743–1749. PMID: 23151669
82. Dewilde WJ, Oirbans T, Verheugt FW, et al. WOEST study investigators. Use of clopidogrel with or without aspirin in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: An open-label, randomised, controlled trial. <i>Lancet</i> 2013; 381: 1107–1115. PMID: 23415013
83. Cannon CP, Bhatt DL, Oldgren J, et al. RE-DUAL PCI Steering Committee and Investigators. Dual antithrombotic therapy with dabigatran after PCI in atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2017; 377: 1513–1524. PMID: 28844193
84. Gibson CM, Mehran R, Bode C, et al. Prevention of bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2016; 375: 2423–2434. PMID: 27959713
85. Daida H, Miyauchi K, Ogawa H, et al. PACIFIC investigators. Management and two-year long-term clinical outcome of acute coronary syndrome in Japan: Prevention of atherothrombotic incidents following ischemic coronary attack (PACIFIC) registry. <i>Circ J</i> 2013; 77: 934–943. PMID: 23502993
86. Yun JE, Kim YJ, Park JJ, et al. Safety and effectiveness of contemporary P2Y<sub>12</sub> inhibitors in an East Asian population with acute coronary syndrome: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. <i>J Am Heart Assoc</i> 2019; 8: e012078. PMID: 31310570
87. Small DS, Kothare P, Yuen E, et al. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of prasugrel in healthy Chinese, Japanese, and Korean subjects compared with healthy Caucasian subjects. <i>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</i> 2010; 66: 127–135. PMID: 19888568
88. Kimura T, Isshiki T, Ogawa H, et al. Randomized, double-blind, dose-finding, phase II study of prasugrel in Japanese patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>J Atheroscler Thromb</i> 2015; 22: 557–569. PMID: 25737192
89. Kedhi E, Fabris E, van der Ent M, et al. Six months versus 12 months dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (DAPT-STEMI): Randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority trial. <i>BMJ</i> 2018; 363: k3793. PMID: 30279197
90. Kim BK, Hong MK, Shin DH, et al. RESET Investigators. A new strategy for discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy: The RESET Trial (REal Safety and Efficacy of 3-month dual antiplatelet Therapy following Endeavor zotarolimus-eluting stent implantation). <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2012; 60: 1340–1348. PMID: 22999717
91. Feres F, Costa RA, Abizaid A, et al. OPTIMIZE Trial Investigators. Three vs twelve months of dual antiplatelet therapy after zotarolimus-eluting stents: The OPTIMIZE randomized trial. <i>JAMA</i> 2013; 310: 2510–2522. PMID: 24177257
92. De Luca G, Damen SA, Camaro C, et al. Final results of the randomised evaluation of short-term dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with a new-generation stent (REDUCE trial). <i>EuroIntervention</i> 2019; 15: e990–e998. PMID: 31422929
93. Gwon HC, Hahn JY, Park KW, et al. Six-month versus 12-month dual antiplatelet therapy after implantation of drug-eluting stents: The Efficacy of Xience/Promus Versus Cypher to Reduce Late Loss After Stenting (EXCELLENT) randomized, multicenter study. <i>Circulation</i> 2012; 125: 505–513. PMID: 22179532
94. Colombo A, Chieffo A, Frasheri A, et al. Second-generation drug-eluting stent implantation followed by 6- versus 12-month dual antiplatelet therapy: The SECURITY randomized clinical trial. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2014; 64: 2086–2097. PMID: 25236346
95. Schulz-Schüpke S, Byrne RA, Ten Berg JM, et al. Intracoronary Stenting and Antithrombotic Regimen: Safety And EFficacy of 6 Months Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Drug-Eluting Stenting (ISAR-SAFE) Trial Investigators. ISAR-SAFE: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 6 vs. 12 months of clopidogrel therapy after drug-eluting stenting. <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2015; 36: 1252–1263. PMID: 25616646
96. Han Y, Xu B, Jing Q, et al. I-LOVE-IT 2 Investigators. A randomized comparison of novel biodegradable polymer- and durable polymer-coated cobalt-chromium sirolimus-eluting stents. <i>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2014; 7: 1352–1360. PMID: 25440887
97. Hong SJ, Shin DH, Kim JS, et al. IVUS-XPL Investigators. 6-month versus 12-month dual-antiplatelet therapy following long everolimus-eluting stent implantation: The IVUS-XPL Randomized Clinical Trial. <i>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2016; 9: 1438–1446. PMID: 27212028
98. Lee BK, Kim JS, Lee OH, et al. Safety of six-month dual antiplatelet therapy after second-generation drug-eluting stent implantation: OPTIMA-C Randomised Clinical Trial and OCT Substudy. <i>EuroIntervention</i> 2018; 13: 1923–1930. PMID: 29104179
99. Nakamura M, Iijima R, Ako J, et al. NIPPON Investigators. Dual antiplatelet therapy for 6 versus 18 months after biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stent implantation. <i>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2017; 10: 1189–1198. PMID: 28641838
100. Gilard M, Barragan P, Noryani AAL, et al. 6- versus 24-month dual antiplatelet therapy after implantation of drug-eluting stents in patients nonresistant to aspirin: The randomized, multicenter ITALIC trial. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2015; 65: 777–786. PMID: 25461690
101. Tomaniak M, Chichareon P, Onuma Y, et al. GLOBAL LEADERS Trial Investigators. Benefit and risks of aspirin in addition to ticagrelor in acute coronary syndromes: A post hoc analysis of the Randomized GLOBAL LEADERS Trial. <i>JAMA Cardiol</i> 2019; 4: 1092–1101. PMID: 31557763
102. Vranckx P, Valgimigli M, Jüni P, et al. GLOBAL LEADERS Investigators. Ticagrelor plus aspirin for 1 month, followed by ticagrelor monotherapy for 23 months vs aspirin plus clopidogrel or ticagrelor for 12 months, followed by aspirin monotherapy for 12 months after implantation of a drug-eluting stent: A multicentre, open-label, randomised superiority trial. <i>Lancet</i> 2018; 392: 940–949. PMID: 30166073
103. Kim C, Hong SJ, Shin DH, et al. Randomized evaluation of ticagrelor monotherapy after 3-month dual-antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with new-generation sirolimus-eluting stents: TICO trial rationale and design. <i>Am Heart J</i> 2019; 212: 45–52. PMID: 30933857
104. Cuisset T, Deharo P, Quilici J, et al. Benefit of switching dual antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome: The TOPIC (timing of platelet inhibition after acute coronary syndrome) randomized study. <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2017; 38: 3070–3078. PMID: 28510646
105. Claassens DMF, Vos GJA, Bergmeijer TO, et al. A genotype-guided strategy for oral P2Y<sub>12</sub> inhibitors in primary PCI. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2019; 381: 1621–1631. PMID: 31479209
106. Sibbing D, Aradi D, Alexopoulos D, et al. Updated expert consensus statement on platelet function and genetic testing for guiding P2Y<sub>12</sub> receptor inhibitor treatment in percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2019; 12: 1521–1537. PMID: 31202949
107. Mohiaddin H, Wong TDFK, Burke-Gaffney A, et al. Drug-coated balloon-only percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of de novo coronary artery disease: A systematic review. <i>Cardiol Ther</i> 2018; 7: 127–149. PMID: 30368735
108. Jeger RV, Farah A, Ohlow MA, et al. BASKET-SMALL 2 Investigators. Drug-coated balloons for small coronary artery disease (BASKET-SMALL 2): An open-label randomised non-inferiority trial. <i>Lancet</i> 2018; 392: 849–856. PMID: 30170854
109. Didier R, Morice MC, Barragan P, et al. 6- versus 24-month dual antiplatelet therapy after implantation of drug-eluting stents in patients nonresistant to aspirin: Final results of the ITALIC Trial (Is There a Life for DES After Discontinuation of Clopidogrel). <i>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2017; 10: 1202–1210. PMID: 28641840
110. Smits PC, Vlachojannis GJ, McFadden EP, et al. Final 5-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of everolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stents for coronary revascularization in daily practice: The COMPARE Trial (A Trial of Everolimus-Eluting Stents and Paclitaxel Stents for Coronary Revascularization in Daily Practice). <i>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2015; 8: 1157–1165. PMID: 26210806
111. Levine GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, et al. 2016 ACC/AHA Guideline Focused Update on Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Update of the 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, 2012 ACC/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease, 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes, and 2014 ACC/AHA Guideline on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management of Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. <i>Circulation</i> 2016; 134: e123–e155. PMID: 27026020
112. Peters RJ, Mehta SR, Fox KA, et al. Clopidogrel in Unstable angina to prevent Recurrent Events (CURE) Trial Investigators. Effects of aspirin dose when used alone or in combination with clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes: Observations from the Clopidogrel in Unstable angina to prevent Recurrent Events (CURE) study. <i>Circulation</i> 2003; 108: 1682–1687. PMID: 14504182
113. Bonaca MP, Bhatt DL, Cohen M, et al. PEGASUS-TIMI 54 Steering Committee and Investigators. Long-term use of ticagrelor in patients with prior myocardial infarction. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2015; 372: 1791–1800. PMID: 25773268
114. Steg PG, Bhatt DL, Simon T, et al. THEMIS Steering Committee and Investigators. Ticagrelor in patients with stable coronary disease and diabetes. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2019; 381: 1309–1320. PMID: 31475798
115. Roe MT, Armstrong PW, Fox KA, et al. TRILOGY ACS Investigators. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel for acute coronary syndromes without revascularization. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2012; 367: 1297–1309. PMID: 22920930
116. Lopes RD, Heizer G, Aronson R, et al. AUGUSTUS Investigators. Antithrombotic therapy after acute coronary syndrome or PCI in atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2019; 380: 1509–1524. PMID: 30883055
117. Vranckx P, Valgimigli M, Eckardt L, et al. Edoxaban-based versus vitamin K antagonist-based antithrombotic regimen after successful coronary stenting in patients with atrial fibrillation (ENTRUST-AF PCI): A randomised, open-label, phase 3b trial. <i>Lancet</i> 2019; 394: 1335–1343. PMID: 31492505
118. Lopes RD, Hong H, Harskamp RE, et al. Safety and efficacy of antithrombotic strategies in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. <i>JAMA Cardiol</i> 2019; 4: 747–755. PMID: 31215979
119. Cigarroa R, Elmariah S. Anticoagulation management after transcatheter and surgical valve replacement. <i>Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med</i> 2018; 20: 42. PMID: 29637470
120. McCarthy CP, Vaduganathan M, McCarthy KJ, et al. Left ventricular thrombus after acute myocardial infarction: Screening, prevention, and treatment. <i>JAMA Cardiol</i> 2018; 3: 642–649. PMID: 29800958
121. Lapeyre AC, Steele PM, Kazmier FJ, et al. Systemic embolism in chronic left ventricular aneurysm: Incidence and the role of anticoagulation. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 1985; 6: 534–538. PMID: 4031266
122. Cregler LL. Antithrombotic therapy in left ventricular thrombosis and systemic embolism. <i>Am Heart J</i> 1992; 123: 1110–1114. PMID: 1553880
123. Eikelboom JW, Connolly SJ, Brueckmann M, et al. RE-ALIGN Investigators. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with mechanical heart valves. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2013; 369: 1206–1214. PMID: 23991661
124. Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al. 2017 AHA/ACC Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. <i>Circulation</i> 2017; 135: e1159–e1195. PMID: 28298458
125. Massel DR, Little SH. Antiplatelet and anticoagulation for patients with prosthetic heart valves. <i>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</i> 2013: CD003464. PMID: 23839768
126. Singh M, Sporn ZA, Schaff HV, et al. ACC/AHA versus ESC guidelines on prosthetic heart valve management: JACC Guideline Comparison. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2019; 73: 1707–1718. PMID: 30947924
127. Baumgartner H, Falk V, Bax JJ, et al. 2017 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. The Task Force for the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2017; 38: 2739–2791. PMID: 28886619
128. Lamberts M, Gislason GH, Lip GY, et al. Antiplatelet therapy for stable coronary artery disease in atrial fibrillation patients taking an oral anticoagulant: A nationwide cohort study. <i>Circulation</i> 2014; 129: 1577–1585. PMID: 24470482
129. Matsumura-Nakano Y, Shizuta S, Komasa A, et al. OAC-ALONE Study Investigators. Open-label randomized trial comparing oral anticoagulation with and without single antiplatelet therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease beyond 1 year after coronary stent implantation. <i>Circulation</i> 2019; 139: 604–616. PMID: 30586700
130. Yasuda S, Kaikita K, Akao M, et al. AFIRE Investigators. Antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation with stable coronary disease. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2019; 381: 1103–1113. PMID: 31475793
131. Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. The Task Force for the management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2016; 37: 2893–2962. PMID: 27567408
132. Okumura Y, Yokoyama K, Matsumoto N, et al. Current use of direct oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation in Japan: Findings from the SAKURA AF Registry. <i>J Arrhythm</i> 2017; 33: 289–296. PMID: 28765759
133. Sutton NR, Seth M, Ruwende C, et al. Outcomes of patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2016; 68: 895–904. PMID: 27561762
134. Lopes RD, Leonardi S, Wojdyla DM, et al. Stent thrombosis in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary stenting in the AUGUSTUS Trial. <i>Circulation</i> 2020; 141: 781–783. PMID: 31707833
135. Steffel J, Verhamme P, Potpara TS, et al. The 2018 European Heart Rhythm Association Practical Guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2018; 39: 1330–1393. PMID: 29562325
136. Windecker S, Lopes RD, Massaro T, et al. AUGUSTUS Investigators. Antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation and acute coronary syndrome treated medically or with percutaneous coronary intervention or undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the AUGUSTUS Trial. <i>Circulation</i> 2019; 140: 1921–1932. PMID: 31557056
137. Oldgren J, Steg PG, Hohnloser SH, et al. Dabigatran dual therapy with ticagrelor or clopidogrel after percutaneous coronary intervention in atrial fibrillation patients with or without acute coronary syndrome: A subgroup analysis from the RE-DUAL PCI trial. <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2019; 40: 1553–1562. PMID: 30793734
138. Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, et al. 2018 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. <i>EuroIntervention</i> 2019; 14: 1435–1534. PMID: 30667361
139. Otsuki H, Yamaguchi J, Kawamoto T, et al. Safety and efficacy of low-dose prasugrel as part of triple therapy with aspirin and oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: From the TWMU-AF PCI Registry. <i>Circ J</i> 2019; 83: 1000–1005. PMID: 30918236
140. Hansson EC, Jidéus L, Åberg B, et al. Coronary artery bypass grafting-related bleeding complications in patients treated with ticagrelor or clopidogrel: A nationwide study. <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2016; 37: 189–197. PMID: 26330426
141. Tomšič A, Schotborgh MA, Manshanden JS, et al. Coronary artery bypass grafting-related bleeding complications in patients treated with dual antiplatelet treatment. <i>Eur J Cardiothorac Surg</i> 2016; 50: 849–856. PMID: 27174551
142. Gherli R, Mariscalco G, Dalén M, et al. Safety of preoperative use of ticagrelor with or without aspirin compared with aspirin alone in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. <i>JAMA Cardiol</i> 2016; 1: 921–928. PMID: 27653165
143. Nocerino AG, Achenbach S, Taylor AJ. Meta-analysis of effect of single versus dual antiplatelet therapy on early patency of bypass conduits after coronary artery bypass grafting. <i>Am J Cardiol</i> 2013; 112: 1576–1579. PMID: 24035160
144. Deo SV, Dunlay SM, Shah IK, et al. Dual anti-platelet therapy after coronary artery bypass grafting: Is there any benefit? A systematic review and meta-analysis. <i>J Card Surg</i> 2013; 28: 109–116. PMID: 23488578
145. Fremes SE, Levinton C, Naylor CD, et al. Optimal antithrombotic therapy following aortocoronary bypass: A meta-analysis. <i>Eur J Cardiothorac Surg</i> 1993; 7: 169–180. PMID: 8481254
146. Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Trial Investigators. The effect of aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and low-dose anticoagulation on obstructive changes in saphenous-vein coronary-artery bypass grafts. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 1997; 336: 153–162. PMID: 8992351
147. Siller-Matula JM, Petre A, Delle-Karth G, et al. Impact of preoperative use of P2Y12 receptor inhibitors on clinical outcomes in cardiac and non-cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. <i>Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care</i> 2017; 6: 753–770. PMID: 25943554
148. Haydar AA, Abchee AB, El-Hajj II, et al. Bleeding post coronary artery bypass surgery. <i>J Med Liban</i> 2006; 54: 11–16. PMID: 17044627
149. Vaccarino GN, Thierer J, Albertal M, et al. Impact of preoperative clopidogrel in off pump coronary artery bypass surgery: A propensity score analysis. <i>J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg</i> 2009; 137: 309–313. PMID: 19185143
150. Bybee KA, Powell BD, Valeti U, et al. Preoperative aspirin therapy is associated with improved postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. <i>Circulation</i> 2005; 112 Suppl: I286–I292. PMID: 16159833
151. Fox KA, Mehta SR, Peters R, et al. Benefits and risks of the combination of clopidogrel and aspirin in patients undergoing surgical revascularization for non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome: The Clopidogrel in Unstable angina to prevent Recurrent ischemic Events (CURE) Trial. <i>Circulation</i> 2004; 110: 1202–1208. PMID: 15313956
152. Held C, Asenblad N, Bassand JP, et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: Results from the PLATO (Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes) trial. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2011; 57: 672–684. PMID: 21194870
153. Smith PK, Goodnough LT, Levy JH, et al. Mortality benefit with prasugrel in the TRITON-TIMI 38 coronary artery bypass grafting cohort: Risk-adjusted retrospective data analysis. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2012; 60: 388–396. PMID: 22633653
154. Wallentin L. P2Y<sub>12</sub> inhibitors: Differences in properties and mechanisms of action and potential consequences for clinical use. <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2009; 30: 1964–1977. PMID: 19633016
155. Rollini F, Franchi F, Angiolillo DJ. Switching P2Y<sub>12</sub>-receptor inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease. <i>Nat Rev Cardiol</i> 2016; 13: 11–27. PMID: 26283269
156. Malm CJ, Hansson EC, Åkesson J, et al. Preoperative platelet function predicts perioperative bleeding complications in ticagrelor-treated cardiac surgery patients: A prospective observational study. <i>Br J Anaesth</i> 2016; 117: 309–315. PMID: 27543525
157. Kwak YL, Kim JC, Choi YS, et al. Clopidogrel responsiveness regardless of the discontinuation date predicts increased blood loss and transfusion requirement after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2010; 56: 1994–2002. PMID: 21126640
158. Ranucci M, Baryshnikova E, Soro G, et al. Surgical and Clinical Outcome Research (SCORE) Group. Multiple electrode whole-blood aggregometry and bleeding in cardiac surgery patients receiving thienopyridines. <i>Ann Thorac Surg</i> 2011; 91: 123–129. PMID: 21172499
159. Ranucci M, Colella D, Baryshnikova E, et al. Surgical and Clinical Outcome Research (SCORE) Group. Effect of preoperative P<sub>2</sub>Y<sub>12</sub> and thrombin platelet receptor inhibition on bleeding after cardiac surgery. <i>Br J Anaesth</i> 2014; 113: 970–976. PMID: 25209096
160. Verma S, Goodman SG, Mehta SR, et al. Should dual antiplatelet therapy be used in patients following coronary artery bypass surgery? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. <i>BMC Surg</i> 2015; 15: 112. PMID: 26467661
161. Saw J, Wong GC, Mayo J, et al. Ticagrelor and aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular events after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. <i>Heart</i> 2016; 102: 763–769. PMID: 26891756
162. Zhao Q, Zhu Y, Xu Z, et al. Effect of ticagrelor plus aspirin, ticagrelor alone, or aspirin alone on saphenous vein graft patency 1 year after coronary artery bypass grafting: A Randomized Clinical Trial. <i>JAMA</i> 2018; 319: 1677–1686. PMID: 29710164
163. Gao G, Zheng Z, Pi Y, et al. Aspirin plus clopidogrel therapy increases early venous graft patency after coronary artery bypass surgery a single-center, randomized, controlled trial. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2010; 56: 1639–1643. PMID: 21050973
164. Rossini R, Musumeci G, Visconti LO, et al. Italian Society of Invasive Cardiology (SICI-GISE). Perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary stents undergoing cardiac and non-cardiac surgery: A consensus document from Italian cardiological, surgical and anaesthesiological societies. <i>EuroIntervention</i> 2014; 10: 38–46. PMID: 24832636
165. Abualsaud AO, Eisenberg MJ. Perioperative management of patients with drug-eluting stents. <i>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2010; 3: 131–142. PMID: 20170869
166. Dimitrova G, Tulman DB, Bergese SD. Perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy in patients with drug-eluting stents. <i>HSR Proc Intensive Care Cardiovasc Anesth</i> 2012; 4: 153–167. PMID: 23439793
167. Kałuza GL, Joseph J, Lee JR, et al. Catastrophic outcomes of noncardiac surgery soon after coronary stenting. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2000; 35: 1288–1294. PMID: 10758971
168. van Werkum JW, Heestermans AA, Zomer AC, et al. Predictors of coronary stent thrombosis: The Dutch Stent Thrombosis Registry. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2009; 53: 1399–1409. PMID: 19371823
169. Iakovou I, Schmidt T, Bonizzoni E, et al. Incidence, predictors, and outcome of thrombosis after successful implantation of drug-eluting stents. <i>JAMA</i> 2005; 293: 2126–2130. PMID: 15870416
170. Mehran R, Baber U, Steg PG, et al. Cessation of dual antiplatelet treatment and cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PARIS): 2 year results from a prospective observational study. <i>Lancet</i> 2013; 382: 1714–1722. PMID: 24004642
171. Burger W, Chemnitius JM, Kneissl GD, et al. Low-dose aspirin for secondary cardiovascular prevention - cardiovascular risks after its perioperative withdrawal versus bleeding risks with its continuation - review and meta-analysis. <i>J Intern Med</i> 2005; 257: 399–414. PMID: 15836656
172. Merritt JC, Bhatt DL. The efficacy and safety of perioperative antiplatelet therapy. <i>J Thromb Thrombolysis</i> 2004; 17: 21–27. PMID: 15277784
173. Douketis JD, Spyropoulos AC, Kaatz S, et al. BRIDGE Investigators. Perioperative bridging anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2015; 373: 823–833. PMID: 26095867
174. Hawn MT, Graham LA, Richman JS, et al. Risk of major adverse cardiac events following noncardiac surgery in patients with coronary stents. <i>JAMA</i> 2013; 310: 1462–1472. PMID: 24101118
175. Kristensen SD, Knuuti J, Saraste A, et al. 2014 ESC/ESA Guidelines on non-cardiac surgery: Cardiovascular assessment and management: The Joint Task Force on non-cardiac surgery: Cardiovascular assessment and management of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA). <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2014; 35: 2383–2431. PMID: 25086026
176. Berger PB, Kleiman NS, Pencina MJ, et al. EVENT Investigators. Frequency of major noncardiac surgery and subsequent adverse events in the year after drug-eluting stent placement results from the EVENT (Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events) Registry. <i>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</i> 2010; 3: 920–927. PMID: 20850090
177. van Kuijk JP, Flu WJ, Schouten O, et al. Timing of noncardiac surgery after coronary artery stenting with bare metal or drug-eluting stents. <i>Am J Cardiol</i> 2009; 104: 1229–1234. PMID: 19840567
178. Diamantis T, Tsiminikakis N, Skordylaki A, et al. Alterations of hemostasis after laparoscopic and open surgery. <i>Hematology</i> 2007; 12: 561–570. PMID: 17852431
179. Rajagopalan S, Ford I, Bachoo P, et al. Platelet activation, myocardial ischemic events and postoperative non-response to aspirin in patients undergoing major vascular surgery. <i>J Thromb Haemost</i> 2007; 5: 2028–2035. PMID: 17650080
180. Chee YL, Crawford JC, Watson HG, et al. Guidelines on the assessment of bleeding risk prior to surgery or invasive procedures: British Committee for Standards in Haematology. <i>Br J Haematol</i> 2008; 140: 496–504. PMID: 18275427
181. Fleisher LA, Fleischmann KE, Auerbach AD, et al. 2014 ACC/AHA guideline on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2014; 64: e77–e137. PMID: 25091544
182. Grines CL, Bonow RO, Casey DE Jr, et al. Prevention of premature discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery stents: A science advisory from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, American College of Surgeons, and American Dental Association, with representation from the American College of Physicians. <i>Circulation</i> 2007; 115: 813–818. PMID: 17224480
183. Levine GN, Bates ER, Blankenship JC, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2011; 58: e44–e122. PMID: 22070834
184. Fleisher LA, Beckman JA, Brown KA, et al. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care for noncardiac surgery: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery). <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2007; 50: e159–e241. PMID: 17950140
185. Navarese EP, Tandjung K, Claessen B, et al. Safety and efficacy outcomes of first and second generation durable polymer drug eluting stents and biodegradable polymer biolimus eluting stents in clinical practice: Comprehensive network meta-analysis. <i>BMJ</i> 2013; 347: f6530. PMID: 24196498
186. Varenne O, Cook S, Sideris G, et al. SENIOR investigators. Drug-eluting stents in elderly patients with coronary artery disease (SENIOR): A randomised single-blind trial. <i>Lancet</i> 2018; 391: 41–50. PMID: 29102362
187. Egholm G, Kristensen SD, Thim T, et al. Risk associated with surgery within 12 months after coronary drug-eluting stent implantation. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i> 2016; 68: 2622–2632. PMID: 27978946
188. Holcomb CN, Graham LA, Richman JS, et al. The incremental risk of coronary stents on postoperative adverse events: A Matched Cohort Study. <i>Ann Surg</i> 2016; 263: 924–930. PMID: 25894416
189. Levine GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, et al. 2016 ACC/AHA guideline focused update on duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. <i>J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg</i> 2016; 152: 1243–1275. PMID: 27751237
190. Brilakis ES, Orford JL, Fasseas P, et al. Outcome of patients undergoing balloon angioplasty in the two months prior to noncardiac surgery. <i>Am J Cardiol</i> 2005; 96: 512–514. PMID: 16098302
191. Huber KC, Evans MA, Bresnahan JF, et al. Outcome of noncardiac operations in patients with severe coronary artery disease successfully treated preoperatively with coronary angioplasty. <i>Mayo Clin Proc</i> 1992; 67: 15–21. PMID: 1732685
192. Glance LG, Lustik SJ, Hannan EL, et al. The Surgical Mortality Probability Model: Derivation and validation of a simple risk prediction rule for noncardiac surgery. <i>Ann Surg</i> 2012; 255: 696–702. PMID: 22418007
193. Chapman TW, Bowley DM, Lambert AW, et al. Haemorrhage associated with combined clopidogrel and aspirin therapy. <i>Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg</i> 2001; 22: 478–479. PMID: 11735194
194. Ernst A, Eberhardt R, Wahidi M, et al. Effect of routine clopidogrel use on bleeding complications after transbronchial biopsy in humans. <i>Chest</i> 2006; 129: 734–737. PMID: 16537875
195. Moore M, Power M. Perioperative hemorrhage and combined clopidogrel and aspirin therapy. <i>Anesthesiology</i> 2004; 101: 792–794. PMID: 15329606
196. Biondi-Zoccai GG, Lotrionte M, Agostoni P, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the hazards of discontinuing or not adhering to aspirin among 50,279 patients at risk for coronary artery disease. <i>Eur Heart J</i> 2006; 27: 2667–2674. PMID: 17053008
197. Ferraris VA, Saha SP, Oestreich JH, et al. 2012 update to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons guideline on use of antiplatelet drugs in patients having cardiac and noncardiac operations. <i>Ann Thorac Surg</i> 2012; 94: 1761–1781. PMID: 23098967
198. Savonitto S, D’Urbano M, Caracciolo M, et al. Urgent surgery in patients with a recently implanted coronary drug-eluting stent: A phase II study of ‘bridging’ antiplatelet therapy with tirofiban during temporary withdrawal of clopidogrel. <i>Br J Anaesth</i> 2010; 104: 285–291. PMID: 20047898
199. Qamar A, Bhatt DL. Current status of data on cangrelor. <i>Pharmacol Ther</i> 2016; 159: 102–109. PMID: 26802900
200. Angiolillo DJ, Firstenberg MS, Price MJ, et al. BRIDGE Investigators. Bridging antiplatelet therapy with cangrelor in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial. <i>JAMA</i> 2012; 307: 265–274. PMID: 22253393
201. Pollack CV Jr, Reilly PA, Eikelboom J, et al. Idarucizumab for Dabigatran Reversal. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2015; 373: 511–520. PMID: 26095746
202. Pollack CV Jr, Reilly PA, van Ryn J, et al. Idarucizumab for Dabigatran Reversal: Full Cohort Analysis. <i>N Engl J Med</i> 2017; 377: 431–441. PMID: 28693366