Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Đào tạo trí nhớ làm việc ở người cao tuổi có nhạy cảm với âm nhạc không?
Tóm tắt
Bằng chứng từ tài liệu cho thấy việc nghe nhạc có thể cải thiện hiệu suất nhận thức. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu hiện tại là kiểm tra xem lợi ích ngắn hạn và dài hạn của việc đào tạo trí nhớ làm việc (WM) ở người cao tuổi có thể được nâng cao bởi việc nghe nhạc—Sonata K448 của Mozart và Adagio của Albinoni ở cung G thứ—có sự khác biệt về nhịp độ và chủ đề. Bảy mươi hai người cao tuổi khỏe mạnh (độ tuổi từ 65 đến 75) tham gia vào nghiên cứu. Họ được chia thành bốn nhóm. Tại mỗi buổi đào tạo, trước khi bắt đầu các hoạt động đào tạo WM, một nhóm đã nghe Mozart (nhóm Mozart, N = 19), một nhóm nghe Albinoni (nhóm Albinoni, N = 19), một nhóm nghe tiếng trắng (nhóm tiếng trắng, N = 16), trong khi một nhóm giữ vai trò đối chứng tích cực tham gia vào các hoạt động khác và không tiếp xúc với bất kỳ âm nhạc nào (nhóm đối chứng tích cực, N = 18). Các lợi ích đào tạo cụ thể trên một nhiệm vụ tương tự như nhiệm vụ được sử dụng trong đào tạo, và các hiệu ứng chuyển giao trên khả năng không gian hình ảnh, chức năng điều hành và các đo lường lý luận đã được đánh giá. Bất kể điều kiện nghe (Mozart, Albinoni, tiếng trắng), các nhóm được đào tạo thường vượt trội hơn nhóm đối chứng. Nhóm tiếng trắng không bao giờ khác biệt với hai nhóm nhạc. Tuy nhiên, nhóm Albinoni cho thấy lợi ích đào tạo cụ thể lớn hơn trong nhiệm vụ tiêu chuẩn ở ngắn hạn và hiệu ứng chuyển giao trong nhiệm vụ lý luận ở cả ngắn hạn và dài hạn so với nhóm Mozart. Tổng thể, các phát hiện hiện tại gợi ý sự thận trọng khi diễn giải các hiệu ứng của âm nhạc trước một cuộc đào tạo WM, và được thảo luận theo các tài liệu về lão hóa và hiệu ứng âm nhạc.
Từ khóa
#nhạc #trí nhớ làm việc #người cao tuổi #hiệu suất nhận thức #Mozart #Albinoni #hiệu ứng chuyển giaoTài liệu tham khảo
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