Investigation morphological, electrical, and optical properties of Mn-doped ZnO thin film by sol–gel spin-coating method
Tóm tắt
In this study, ZnO was doped with 0.01% Mn and it is grown on p-Si by the sol–gel spin-coating method. Obtained the thin film was studied that to understand the effect of 0.01% Mn-doping ratio on the optical and electrical properties of ZnO structure. In this context, first, the morphological structure of the thin film was studied with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM). The surface structure was obtained homogeneous, and roughness and fiber size were calculated between 27.2–33.6 and 0.595–0.673 nm, respectively. Second, the optical properties were characterized via ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry. Third, the effect of light intensity on junction properties of the photodiode was studied. The current–voltage (I–V) of the photodiode was measured under dark and at the different intensities of illumination. Obtained results showed that the current of photodiode was increased with the intensity of illumination from 6.41 × 10−7 to 5.32 × 10−4 A. These results indicate that photocurrent under illumination is higher than the dark current. After that, the other parameters of the photodiode such as barrier height and ideality factor were determined from forwarding I–V plots using the thermionic emission model that the barrier height and the ideality factor were found 0.74 eV and 5.3, respectively. On the other hand, the capacitance–voltage (C–V) was measured at the different frequencies. The C–V characteristic shown that C–V characteristic of the photodiode was changed depends on increasing frequency. In addition, the interface density (Dit) value was decreased by increasing frequency too. Similarly, the serial resistance of the photodiode was also decreased by increasing frequency. Received all these results indicated that Mn-doped ZnO thin film sensitive to light and due to this property, it can be used for different optoelectronic applications as a photodiode and photosensor.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Wang, Zhang, L., Chen, Z., et al.: Semiconductor heterojunction photocatalysts: design, construction, and photocatalytic performances. Chem. Soc. Rev. 43(15), 5234–5244 (2014)
Fan, J.C., Sreekanth, K.M., Xie, Z., et al.: p-type ZnO materials: theory, growth, properties and devices. Prog. Mater. Sci. 58(6), 874e985 (2013)
Ahmad, M., Ahmed, E., Ahmed, W., et al.: Enhancing visible light responsive photocatalytic activity by decorating Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles on graphene. Ceram. Int. 40(7), 10085–10097 (2014)
Mary Jacob, N., Madras, G., Kottam, N., et al.: Multivalent Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles with full solar spectrum absorbance and enhanced photoactivity. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53(14), 5895–5904 (2014)
Lu, Y., Lin, Y., Xie, T., et al.: Enhancement of visible-light-driven photoresponse of Mn/ZnO system: photogenerated charge transfer properties and photocatalytic activity. Nanoscale 4(20), 6393–6400 (2012)
Singh, A.K., Thool, G.S., Bangal, P.R., et al.: Low temperature Mn doped ZnO nanorod array: synthesis and its photoluminescence behavior. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53(22), 9383–9390 (2014)
Kumar, V., Singh, R.G., Singh, N., Kapoor, A., Mehra, R.M., Purohit, L.P.: Synthesis and characterization of aluminum boron co-doped ZnO nanostructures. Mater. Res. Bull. 48, 362–366 (2013)
Alaria, J., Bouloudenine, M., Schmerber, G., Colis, S., Dinia, A., Turek, P., et al.: Pure paramagnetic behavior in Mn-doped ZnO semiconductors. J. Appl. Phys. 99, 08M118-1–08M118-3 (2006)
Wang, X.L., Luan, C.Y., Shao, Q., Pruna, A., Leung, C.W., Lortz, R., Zapien, J.A., Ruotolo, A.: Effect of the magnetic order on the room-temperature band-gap of Mn-doped ZnO thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 102112–102124 (2013)
Rajalakshmi, R., Angappane, S.: Synthesis, characterization, and photoresponse study of undoped and transition metal (Co, Ni, Mn) doped ZnO thin films. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 178, 1068–1075 (2013)
Singh, A.K., Thool, G.S., Bangal, P.R., Madhavendra, S.S., Singh, S.P.: Low temperature Mn doped ZnO nanorod array: synthesis and its photoluminescence behavior. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53, 9383–9390 (2014)
Rusu, G.G., Rambu, A.P., Buta, V.E., Dobromir, M., Luca, D., Rusu, M.: Structural and optical characterization of Al-doped ZnO films prepared by thermal oxidation of evaporated Zn/Al multilayered films. Mater. Chem. Phys. 123, 314–321 (2010)
Khalil, B., Labrim, H., Mounkachi, O., Belhorma, B., Benyoussef, A., El Kenz, A., Belha, A.: Ferromagnetism from acceptors of native point defects in (Zn, Mn)O doped systems. J. Supercond. Nov. Magn. 26, 151–156 (2013)
Yang, Z., Zuo, Z., Zhou, H.M., Beyermann, W.P., Liu, J.L.: EpitaxialMn-doped ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductor thin films grown by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. J. Cryst. Growth 314, 97–103 (2011)
Mote, V.D., Purushotham, Y., Dole, B.N.: Structural, morphological, physical and dielectric properties of Mn-doped ZnO nanocrystals synthesized by a sol–gel method. Mater. Des. 96, 99–105 (2016)
Li, Q., Wang, Y., Liu, J., Kong, W., Ye, B.: Structural and magnetic properties in Mn-doped ZnO films prepared by pulsed-laser deposition. Appl. Surf. Sci. 289, 42–46 (2014)
Abdullahi, S.S., Kösoglu, Y., Güner, S., Kazan, S., Kocaman, B., Ndikilar, C.E.: Synthesis and characterization of Mn and Co codoped ZnO nanoparticles. Superlattices Microstruct. 83, 342–352 (2015)
Hu, D., Liu, X., Deng, S., Liu, Y., Feng, Z., Han, B., Wang, Y., Wang, Y.: Structural and optical properties of Mn-doped ZnO nanocrystalline thin films with the different dopant concentrations. Phys. E Low Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct. 61, 14–22 (2014)