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Cạnh Tranh Tài Nguyên Giữa Các Loài - Tác Động Kết Hợp Của Bức Xạ và Hạn Chế Dinh Dưỡng Đối Với Hai Loài Xyanobacteria Filamentous Diazotrophic
Tóm tắt
Các vụ nở xyanobacteria trong biển Baltic chủ yếu bởi các xyanobacteria diazotrophic, bao gồm các loài có thể độc Aphanizomenon sp. và loài độc Nodularia spumigena. Sự kế thừa theo mùa với các đỉnh của Aphanizomenon sp., tiếp theo là các đỉnh của N. spumigena, đã được giải thích bởi các ngách sinh thái cụ thể của hai loài này. Trong một thí nghiệm ngoài trời ba yếu tố, chúng tôi đã kiểm tra xem điều kiện dinh dưỡng và bức xạ có thể ảnh hưởng tới phản ứng sinh lý và sinh hóa của N. spumigena và Aphanizomenon sp. trong sự hiện diện hoặc không có loài còn lại. Hai phương pháp dinh dưỡng là môi trường f/2 không có NO₃⁻ (−N) và môi trường f/2 không có PO₄³⁻ (−P), và hai phương pháp bức xạ ánh sáng là bức xạ quang hợp hoạt động >395 nm (PAR) và PAR + UV-A + UV-B >295 nm. Nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng Aphanizomenon sp. không bị ảnh hưởng tiêu cực bởi sự hiện diện của N. spumigena và rằng N. spumigena thích nghi tốt hơn với cả hai sự hạn chế N và P khi tương tác với bức xạ tử ngoại (UVR, 280–400 nm). Tại biển Baltic, những điều kiện vật lý này có thể tồn tại trong nước mặt vào mùa hè. Thú vị là, tỷ lệ tăng trưởng cụ thể của N. spumigena đã được kích thích bởi sự hiện diện của Aphanizomenon sp. Chúng tôi gợi ý rằng sự kế thừa theo mùa, với các đỉnh của Aphanizomenon sp. theo sau là các đỉnh của N. spumigena, là kết quả từ sở thích riêng của các loài về điều kiện môi trường và/hoặc kích thích từ Aphanizomenon sp. thay vì hiệu ứng allelopathic của N. spumigena. Kết quả từ nghiên cứu của chúng tôi, cộng với sự phân lớp mạnh hơn được dự đoán do các tác động của biến đổi khí hậu ở biển Baltic với nhiệt độ tăng và lượng mưa tăng cùng với tăng cường UV-B do mất ozone, phản ánh một kịch bản với sự thống trị tiếp tục của N. spumigena độc hại trong tương lai.
Từ khóa
#cyanobacteria #Baltic Sea #Aphanizomenon sp. #Nodularia spumigena #bức xạ #dinh dưỡng #cạnh tranh tài nguyênTài liệu tham khảo
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